侧颅底肿瘤手术入路（附44例报告）

目的：探讨切除侧颅底肿瘤的最佳入路。方法：４４例患者中,采用下颌外旋入路１７例,耳后Ｃ形切口入路１６例,上颌外旋入路７例,颞额入路４例。结果：２５例良性肿瘤术后无复发;１９例恶性肿瘤中,术后生存不足１年２例,１年以上４例,２年以上７例,３年以上６例。结论：下颌外旋入路适用于切因旁间隙、颞下窝、鼻咽部、口咽部、蝶骨、斜坡及上颈椎肿瘤;耳后Ｃ形切口入路适用于切除颞骨肿瘤。     

下颌骨外旋入路切除腮腺深叶肿瘤

目的:探讨腮腺至上腭、咽侧及舌根肿瘤切除术的最佳进路。方法:采用下颌骨切开外旋入路切除突向上腭腮腺肿瘤6例。结果:经下颌骨切开外旋,手术视野暴露充分。6例肿瘤得到根治,疗效满意。无明显面神经功能受损后功能障碍及其他并发症。结论:下颌骨切开外旋进路具有暴露充分、不易损伤面神经、安全可靠的特点,特别适用于腮腺深叶至上腭的巨大肿瘤的切除。     

三种制粒法制备盐酸环丙沙星片的工艺研究

以摇摆式制粒法、高速搅拌切割制粒法与一步喷雾制粒法分别制备盐酸环丙沙星片,并比较三法所得颗粒的性质、片剂质量等。结果表明以高速搅拌切割制粒法制备盐酸环丙沙星片,颗粒致密均匀,流动性与可压性好,片剂溶出度优良,片剂质量更容易控制,劳动效率和标准化程度高,符合GMP要求,易于大生产。     

The triple swing technique – a method to correct the soft tissue asymmetry in unilateral cleft lip nose deformities

The correction of the nasal deformity in cleft lip patients is not only a decisive step in secondary treatment but also a very important step towards patient rehabilitation. The stigma of the cleft lip patient is mainly exhibited by the asymmetry of the nasal entrances. Many operative procedures, some of which cause extensive additional scarring, have been suggested in order to remove this typical feature in cleft lip patients. Once symmetry in the cartilaginous structures is achieved the problem of considerable soft tissue asymmetry remains. Focusing on that a triple swing flap technique was developed, this has been proved to be a safe and reliable concept to achieve soft tissue symetry of the nostrils in cleft lip patients. So far the method described in this paper has been successfully used in 201 patients. Received: 28 November 1997 / Accepted: 5 January 1998     

高原车辆驾驶员医用车载PSA制氧系统的研制

根据青藏高原高海拔、低气压环境特点，针对高原车辆勤务保障的工作实际，自主开发研制了青藏线车辆驾驶员“医用车载变压吸附分体式制氧系统”。该系统通过了高原人工（低气压）环境性能模拟试验和青藏线5个不同海拔高度典型自然环境条件下实际装车试验，各项性能指标均符合国家医用氧标准。     

Neuroprotective and neurotrophic effect of apomorphine in the striatal 6-OHDA-lesion rat model of Parkinson's disease

We investigated the possible neuroprotective effect of the dopamine (DA) receptor agonist R-apomorphine (R-APO) within the striatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of Parkinson's disease. In one group of rats, R-APO administration (10 mg/kg/day, s.c.) started 15 min before 6-OHDA-injection. In a second group, R-APO administration started 24 h after lesion induction. Both groups received R-APO chronically for 11 days. Testing was carried out 2 weeks post-lesioning. R-APO treatment, whether started before or after the lesion induction, significantly reduced both the amphetamine-induced ipsiversive rotation and the size of the lesion at the level of the substantia nigra. Moreover, the dopamine cell shape and size resembled that observed in intact animals. R-APO treatment had no effect on the number of cells in the substantia nigra of intact rats, but significantly increased the number of cells in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), suggesting selective neurotrophic properties of R-APO in this region. R-APO treatment significantly attenuated the 6-OHDA-induced striatal DA depletion and DOPAC/DA ratios were normalized. Finally, an acute injection of 10 mg/kg R-APO was unable to scavenge 6-OHDA or MPP(+)-induced hydroxyl radicals as determined with the in vivo salicylate trapping technique. These data provide further evidence of the neurorescuing properties of R-APO. At least at the dose used in this study, this effect possibly occurs via mechanisms other than scavenging of hydroxyl radicals. In intact rats, we also show neurotrophic effects of the R-APO treatment. These seem to be limited to the VTA.     

Modified Alar Swing Procedure in Saddle Nose Correction

Reconstruction of the saddle nose may involve the use of different augmentation materials, from autogenous bone and cartilage to alloplastic materials. The most important problems when considering the choice of reconstructive technique, besides underlying pathology and expected result, include: long-term stability, donor morbidity, tendency of the implant to infection, extrusion, and resorption. The use of the lateral crura of the lower lateral cartilages as dorsal onlay was reserved for the corrections of minor supratip depressions (flying wing and alar swing procedure). The authors suggest the use of pedicled flaps of cephalic portions of lateral crura as dorsal septal strut, which may increase the profile line more than dorsal onlay. Reconstruction is performed using open rhinoplasty approach. Pedicled flaps of the cephalic portions of lateral crura are transfixed in the sagittal plane and, following separation of upper lateral cartilages and medial crura, placed on the dorsum of nasal septum. Upper laterals are sutured to newly formed cartilaginous dorsum, or a new bridge is created using conchal cartilage. Columellar strut may be formed of the septal cartilage. Authors have performed such corrections in 15 patients with good long-term functional and aesthetic results.     

Assessment of arm movements during gait in stroke – The Arm Posture Score

The purpose of the study was to apply the Arm Posture Score (APS) to a stroke population, since comprehensive measures to quantify arm swing in the affected and non-affected arms during gait are lacking. A further aim was to investigate how gait speed and upper limb function estimated by clinical measures are related to the APS in the stroke group. The APS is the summarized root mean square deviation (RMSD) from normal, based on kinematics. Four arm movements (sagittal and frontal planes) as well as six arm movements (incorporating transversal plane) were included in the calculation of APS, referred to as APS₄ and APS₆, respectively. The study population consisted of 25 persons with stroke and 25 age- and gender-matched controls. The APS measures were significantly different between the affected and non-affected arms, as well as between the affected arm and the non-dominant arm of the controls (p ≤ 0.001). Spasticity significantly influenced both APS measures, while speed only had a significant effect on the APS₄. The APS measures correlated significantly to clinical measures of upper limb function. Both APS measures seem to be useful indices to quantify and discriminate between impaired and normal arm swing during gait after stroke. The variability of rotational arm movements needs to be studied further before considering the additional value of the APS₆ over the APS₄. When interpreting the APS, complementary kinematics should be taken into account, as the single value of the APS gives no information about the direction of the deviation.