The Effect of Therapist Presence On a Desensitization Program For Test Anxiety

This study investigated the effect of varying degrees of therapist presence on outcome measures of a test anxiety program on systematic desensitization. Three treatments, which included face-to-face administration by a therapist, some therapist involvement, and fully automated administration were compared to a waiting list control group. It was found that all three treatments were effective when compared to the control group in terms of reduction of reported anxiety as measured by the STABS. It was noted that clients who used the automated program were more likely to terminate prematurely. It was concluded that, while all of the treatments may be effective in a laboratory setting, the presence of a counselor would seem to be important for the use of this type of program in a service agency.     

Compensated active noise cancellation earphone for audiometric screening tests in noisy environments

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated hearing screening tests by using a custom-designed compensated hybrid active noise cancellation (ANC) earphone and compared it with TDH39 and Audiocups audiometric earphones under conditions of quiet, 45?dB HL masking narrowband, wideband speech-shaped, and white noise.

Design: The hearing screening tests were conducted to characterise the shifts of screening results under noisy conditions, and real-ear attenuations at thresholds were assessed to quantify real-ear noise reduction performance.

Study sample: Twenty-four normal-hearing adults, aged 20–25?years, participated in this study.

Results: The ANC earphone exhibited significantly lower/better mean screening results than those of the TDH39 earphone at 250 and 500?Hz and those of the Audiocups earphone at 250?Hz under conditions of narrowband, speech-shaped, and white noise. Compared with the TDH39 earphone at 250 and 500?Hz, applying a hybrid ANC earphone reduced the shifts in screening results by 14.2 and 12.3?dB, respectively, under the narrowband noise condition.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the compensated hybrid ANC earphone provided lower shifts of screening results than the TDH39 and Audiocups earphones and that it was capable of screening at 250 and 500?Hz from 20?dB HL under 45?dB HL masking narrowband and wideband noise.     

Evaluation of the Colilert® Test for Detection of Verotoxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Water

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to estimate the sensitivity of the Colilert® test for detection of different isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 and other verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) serotypes from water for potential on-farm food safety application. E. coli isolates evaluated were of human, bovine, porcine, or food origin. The sensitivity of the Colilert® test was 92% overall for the verotoxin-producing serotypes of E. coli. However, none of the E. coli O157:H7 isolates were identified as E. coli. No false-positive results for E. coli were detected. The Colilert® test could be used to screen water supplies for E. coli on the farm, however, an important pathogenic E. coli sero-type is not detected by the Colilert® test.     

各类医用电气设备标准间电气安全指标的差异

本文统计了各类医用电气设备标准，分析了各标准间电气安全指标的差异，以指导临床工程师在不同医用电气设备的安全测试、维修或预防性维护丁作中采用合适的电气安全标准。     

1+3模式在规范皮试药物使用管理中的应用简

针对皮试药物使用中存在的问题，通过寻找根本原因，提出整改措施，通过1＋3模式对皮试药物使用管理进行持续质量改进，有效地降低了皮试药物使用缺陷率，提高了用药安全。     

Indocyanine green retention is a potential prog-nostic indicator after splenectomy and pericar-dial devascularization for cirrhotic patients

BACKGROUND: Splenectomy and pericardial devasculariza-tion (SPD) is an effective treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and hypersplenism in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. Indocyanine green retention at 15 minutes (ICGR15) was reported to offer better sensitivity and speciifc-ity than the Child-Pugh classiifcation in hepatectomy, but few reports describe ICGR15 in SPD. The present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of ICGR15 for cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension who underwent SPD.
METHODS: From January 2012 to January 2015, 43 patients with portal hypertension and hypersplenism caused by liver cirrhosis were admitted in our center and received SPD. The ICGR15, Child-Pugh classiifcation, model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and perioperative characteristics were analyzed retrospectively.
RESULTS: Preoperative liver function assessment revealed that 34 patients were Child-Pugh class A with ICGR15 of 13.6%-43.0% and MELD score of 7-20; 8 patients were class B with ICGR15 of 22.8%-40.7% and MELD score of 7-17; 1 patient was class C with ICGR15 of 39.7% and MELD score of 22. The optimal ICGR15 threshold for liver function com-pensation was 31.2%, which offered a sensitivity of 68.4% and a speciifcity of 70.8%. Univariate analysis showed preopera-tive ICGR15, MELD score, surgical procedure, intraoperative blood loss, and autologous blood transfusion were signiifcant-ly different between postoperative liver function compensated and decompensated groups. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that ICGR15 was an independent risk factor of post-operative liver function recovery (P=0.020).
CONCLUSIONS: ICGR15 has outperformed the Child-Pugh classiifcation for assessing liver function in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. ICGR15 may be a suitable prognos-tic indicator for cirrhotic patients after SPD.     

影响平板运动试验结果的相关因素logistic回归分析

目的探讨冠心病诊断中影响平板运动试验(TET)结果的相关因素。方法回顾分析2014年5月—2017年5月在兰州大学第一医院行TET检查和冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查的患者321例,以CAG结果作为金标准,结合患者临床资料对可能影响TET结果的因素进行单因素和多因素logistic回归分析。结果 321例患者CAG检测阳性182例,阴性139例,TET检测真阳性147例,假阳性59例,真阴性80例,假阴性35例;检测灵敏度、特异度及准确度分别为80.77%、57.55%和70.72%;假阳性率为42.45%,假阴性率为19.23%。多元logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、吸烟和高血压是TET假阳性的独立影响因素(OR=1.453、1.677和2.231,P0.05),冠状动脉病变程度及病变支数是TET假阴性的独立影响因素(OR=2.375、1.963,P0.05)。结论 TET结果的准确性主要受性别、吸烟、高血压及冠脉病变程度及病变支数的影响,临床上应予以重视,结合多种因素进行综合分析。     

Development of a lyophilized soybean paste certified reference material for the analysis of ochratoxin A

A certified reference material (CRM) [²KRISS CRM # 108-10-018] for the analysis of ochratoxin A (OTA) in doenjang (fermented soybean paste and popular food in Korea) was produced to ensure the reliability of analytical results in testing laboratories. A home-made doenjang was chosen as a raw material after testing its OTA level. The raw material was freeze-dried, pulverized, sieved and homogenized. An isotope-dilution-liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric method (ID-LC/MS/MS) which was previously developed and validated in this laboratory was used as a higher-order reference method for characterization, homogeneity studies, and short-term stability studies. The CRM had good between-bottle homogeneity with 0.56% relative standard deviation among 10 selected units. The stability of the CRM at −70 °C (the storage condition in our laboratory) and at −20 °C (the possible storage temperature at user sites) were tested for up to 8 months. No change in the OTA content was observed within the measurement uncertainty. The stability of the CRM at room temperature (for regular use and transportation) was also tested and confirmed. The certified value was (49.50 ± 1.17) μg/kg, where the expanded uncertainty was in the confidence level of 95%.     

江苏省脊髓灰质炎实验室细胞系敏感性实验方法的建立和监测

目的评价江苏省疾病预防控制中心脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）实验室所用细胞系对脊灰病毒的敏感性，制备江苏省脊灰实验室的标准毒株（QC）。方法采用96孔微量培养板滴定法。结果江苏省脊灰实验QC3次独立的细胞敏感性实验结果的滴度波动为±0．5 log 10CCID50，同时用中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所国家脊灰实验室提供的已知滴度的Sabin参考株（China Sabin Test Reference Strain；CSTRS）做平行对照，CSTRS株3次滴度结果与其本身提供的参考值相比较，其滴度波动也均为±0．5细10CCID50。结论江苏省脊灰实验室QC结果符合实验要求，脊灰实验室所用细胞系对脊灰病毒的敏感性未下降。是敏感、有效的。     

健身气功锻炼对帕金森病患者的疗效观察

目的探讨健身气功锻炼对帕金森病(PD)患者的临床疗效。方法将41例PD患者随机分为健身气功组23例,对照组18例。2组均给予神经内科基础药物治疗,健身气功组患者在对照组治疗的基础上进行10周健身气功干预,每周5次,每次60min。对两组患者干预前、中、后分别进行起立-走计时(TUG)、单脚闭目站立测试,采用统一帕金森病评定量表-Ⅲ(UPDRS-Ⅲ)、Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y)评分、贝克焦虑量表(BAI)评价运动功能及情绪变化。结果锻炼10周后,健身气功组H-Y分级、UPDRS-Ⅲ评分、BAI评分较治疗前呈降低趋势(P0.05,P0.01),而对照组治疗前后变化无统计学差异(P0.05)。健身气功组TUG计时测试时间在第5周、第10周均较治疗前下降(P0.05),两侧单脚闭目站立测试时间在第5周、第10周均较治疗前延长(P0.05)。结论健身气功锻炼可改善轻中度PD患者运动功能,尤其是患者的平衡能力,对患者的焦虑情绪亦能起到一定程度缓解作用,值得临床推广。