硝苯地平缓释片单用及与双氢克尿噻小剂量联用治疗高血压疗效分析

目的：比较硝苯地平缓释片（NF）单用及与双氢克尿噻（DHCT）小剂量联用的降压疗效。方法：将轻、中度原发性高血压患者140例．随机分为治疗组（A组）71例和对照组（B组）69例。A组：口服NF、DHCT（小剂量）；B组：单服NF，疗程均为4周。结果：A组总有效率为93．00%，B组总有效率为86．96%，两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论：NF与DHCT小剂量联用治疗轻、中度高血压痛．疗效优于单用NF。     

维生素E烟酸酯自乳化制剂处方研究

目的研究维生素E烟酸酯(简称VEN)自乳化制剂,探求其最佳处方配比。方法通过溶解度实验、正交筛选和假三角相图的绘制,以形成自乳化区域的大小、溶出度和所得乳滴粒径的大小为指标,对VEN自乳化制剂中的油相、乳化剂及助乳化剂的组成、用量进行筛选,找出最佳的搭配和处方配比。结果在VEN自乳化制剂处方中,以油酸乙酯为油相,聚氧乙烯蓖麻油(EL20)为乳化剂,乙二醇单乙基醚(transcutol)为助乳化剂时,可以获得较好的乳化效果。结论VEN自乳化制剂的最佳处方比例为m(VEN)∶m(油酸乙酯)∶m(EL20)∶m(transcuto1)=1∶0.75∶1.35∶0.9。     

阿司匹林对肺癌细胞增殖的影响及机制探讨

目的:研究阿司匹林对肺腺癌细胞A549增殖的影响,并探讨其作用的可能机制。方法:采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法观察阿司匹林对A549细胞增殖的影响;采用免疫细胞化学法观察阿司匹林对A549细胞COX2表达的影响;采用流式细胞仪(FCM)、HE染色和DNA末端原位标记染色技术(TUNEL)观察阿司匹林对A549细胞周期的影响及诱导凋亡的作用。结果:阿司匹林呈剂量、时间依赖方式抑制A549细胞增殖,72h细胞最高抑制率达75.6%;阿司匹林作用后,A549细胞COX2蛋白表达明显降低;FCM显示G0/G1期细胞比例增加,达到(60.2±2.33)%,S期和G2/M期细胞比例分别降低到(32.9±2.88)%和(6.9±0.66)%,TUNEL显示细胞凋亡指数(AI)由(3.67±1.15)%增加到(26.33±2.52)%,呈一定剂量效应关系。光镜下可见典型的细胞凋亡形态学变化。结论:阿司匹林可能通过减少COX2表达,改变细胞周期分布和诱导细胞凋亡,从而抑制肺腺癌细胞A549增殖。     

左旋精氨酸预防大剂量顺铂急性肾毒性的剂量探讨

目的探讨左旋精氨酸预防大剂量顺铂急性肾毒性的最佳剂量。方法选择128例肿瘤病人,随机分为A、B、C3组,3组病人顺铂的剂量及用法相同,均为100mg/m2,分两天(第1、2天)给药。3组病人左旋精氨酸的用量分别为每天5g/m2、10g/m2和15g/m2,于化疗的当天在顺铂后应用,每例病人加与不加精氨酸周期的两周期化疗形成自身对照,每例病人化疗前及化疗后24h均检测尿β2-MG、血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Cr)及血尿酸,观察3组病人加与不加精氨酸周期化疗前后各观察指标的变化,并比较3组的疗效。结果血BUN、Cr及尿酸无论在加精氨酸周期还是在不加精氨酸周期,化疗前后检测值均无明显变化,该3项指标不宜作为早期急性肾功能损害的检测指标。而A、B、C3组病人化疗后的尿β2-MG值在加与不加精氨酸周期分别为0.9120±0.6618与1.5167±0.7908(P<0.05)、0.5404±0.5810与1.4616±0.8120(P<0.01)及0.4998±0.6210与1.5210±0.7710(P<0.01),均有明显差别,B组的结果差别极其显著,C组的结果差别也极其显著。A、B、C3组的显效率及总有效率分别为40.9%及59.1%、68.2%及90.9%、77.5%及97.5%,经X2检验,A、B两组的显效率及总有效率均差别显著,B、C两组的显效率及总有效率均无显著性差别。结论左旋精氨酸有效预防大剂量顺铂急性肾毒性的最佳剂量为每天10g/m2,增加剂量并不增加疗效。     

Hérida Regina Nunes SALGADO,et al:Microbiological assay for the determination of azithromycin in ophthalmic solutionsMicrobiological assay for the determination of azithromycin in ophthalmic solutions

IntroductionAzithromyciniscommercializedbypharmaciesinBrazilinophthalmicsolutionform. Despitetheproveneffectivenessandsafetyinitstreatment, thisdrug,untilthen, doesnotpossessamethodologyofstandar dizedanalysisforophthalmicsolutionsinofficialcom pendiumsan…     

高龄患者生活行为与冠心病发病的相关性研究

目的研究生活行为与高龄患者冠心病发病的关系。方法对91例年龄≥80岁的高龄老年冠心病人的生活行为及5年来的生活事件进行流行病学调查。采用问卷访问、体格检查、查阅住院病历的方法获得数据。结果对高龄老年冠心病人影响较大的负性生活事件依次为丧偶、子女病重或去世、重大财产损失、搬家等。心绞痛组和心肌梗死组A型行为倾向与正常组比较差异有统计学意义。结论负性生活行为与冠心病有关,起诱导剂的作用。     

Assessing compressibility and compactibility of powder formulations with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Context: The compressibility and compatibility of a powder formulation is usually determined by compaction and following destructive tensile strength and relative density measurement of the final compact.

Objective: In this study, a non-destructive method with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) was designed and evaluated for the measurement of powder compressibility and compactibility.

Materials and Methods: 12 different formulations with a wide range of difference in properties were investigated by compaction and analysis of the resulting tablets. Two similar tablet batches were produced with every formulation. Relative density and tensile strength were measured with the traditional, destructive method on one tablet batch while a newly developed non-destructive chemometric NIRS method was applied for the second batch. The outcomes of the two approaches were compared to validate the developed method. All data sets were applied to three established mathematical equations to calculate equation factors, which are claimed to represent the formulation compressibility and compactibility. The study focus was set on the equation factor value comparison between the traditional and the newly designed method.

Results & Discussion: The results showed a high similarity between the outcomes of the two methods. An essential difference was noticed for the outcomes of the equation factors after application to the Leuenberger equation.

Conclusion: The approach with the NIRS is suggested as a promising tool for a reliable inline quality monitoring in the tablet manufacturing process.     

Plasma and saliva concentrations for a new formulation of erythromycin stearate

Summary

Erythromycin saliva and plasma concentrations were determined in 10 subjects after the first and fourth doses of a new formulation of erythromycin stearate (‘Erythrocin’), 500?mg 8-hourly, taken immediately before food. Consistent absorption occurred and the steady state plasma levels compared favourably with the minimal inhibitory concentrations of erythromycin for common respiratory pathogens. There was a significant positive correlation between steady state saliva and plasma levels.