Associations between oral health-related quality of life and emotional statuses in children and preadolescents

Oral Diseases (2012) 18 , 639–647 Objectives: To evaluate the associations between oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) and emotional statuses in children and preadolescents. Methods: One hundred and forty‐five Brazilian students (8–14 years) were clinically examined for caries, gingivitis, fluorosis, malocclusions, and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). OHRQoL was measured using two global ratings of oral health (OH) and overall well‐being (OWB). The Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (R‐CMAS) and Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) were used to assess anxiety and depression, respectively. Saliva was collected 30 min after waking and at night to determine the diurnal decline in salivary cortisol (DDSC). The results were analyzed using non‐paired t test/one‐way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation test, and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: 11–14‐year‐old participants had higher CDI scores (P < 0.01) and DDSC concentrations (P < 0.001). Participants with fewer caries and without gingivitis had higher DDSC concentrations (P < 0.05). TMD patients had higher DDSC concentrations and OWB ratings (P < 0.001). Girls had higher Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) scores (P < 0.01). There was positive correlation between RCMAS and CDI scores and OWB ratings (P < 0.05). The OH model retained age (β =0.312; P < 0.001) and the OWB model retained TMD (β = 0.271; P < 0.001) and CDI scores (β=0.175; P < 0.05). Conclusions: Children and preadolescents with poor emotional well‐being are more sensitive to the impacts of OH and its effects on OWB.     

A national survey of UK final year students’ opinion of undergraduate oral surgery teaching

Background: A national survey was undertaken to establish a baseline of our final year students’ perception of how their undergraduate oral surgery education has equipped them for key areas of general dental practice. Materials and Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to the 13 UK schools with final year students, towards the end of the academic year in 2009. The questionnaires were completed anonymously and were optically scanned. Results: In total, 632 questionnaires were returned, which represents 66% of the students of the graduating year. The majority (83%) of the respondents perceived that the teaching in oral surgery had given them sufficient knowledge to undertake independent practise. Most respondents (99%) felt confident to perform forceps exodontia, but confidence in the various aspects of surgical exodontia was lower. A majority (83%) had experience of an outreach scheme performing forceps exodontia (75%) and surgical exodontia (16%) in this environment. Twenty per cent indicated a desire to undertake a career in oral surgery, 6% in oral and maxillofacial surgery and 35% in another speciality. Conclusion: This survey suggests that the majority of the students perceive that the oral surgery education has prepared them well for key areas of general practice. It also suggests that there is, however, a need to provide further improvement in the delivery of surgical skills and knowledge.     

Factors Affecting Survival and Usefulness of Implants Placed in Vascularized Free Composite Grafts Used in Post–Head and Neck Cancer Reconstruction

Background: Bone‐containing vascularized grafts have been used successfully to reconstruct post‐cancer surgical defects. Dental implants can be placed in these bone‐containing grafts to allow implant‐supported prosthodontic reconstruction of these patients. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival of dental implants used in the rehabilitation of subjects treated with bone‐containing vascularized grafts to compare usability of implants placed at the time of reconstruction and after healing. Materials and Methods: A cross‐sectional study was undertaken to examine survival rates of implants placed in vascularized bone‐containing grafts either immediately at the time of surgical reconstruction or after 3 months healing. Other factors such as graft type, whether radiation therapy was given, and implant type were recorded. Results: A total of 41 patients had 145 implants placed in 47 vascularized bone‐containing flaps. Increased failure rate of implants was seen in immediately placed implants. There was also a significant increase in the number of osseointegrated implants that were prosthodontically unusable or sub‐optimally placed in the immediate placement group. Radiation therapy was associated with a significant increase in failure rate. Modern implant surfaces appeared to perform better than machined/turned surfaces. Graft donor site did not influence implant survival. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the difficulties encountered with immediate placement of dental implants at the time of post‐cancer reconstructive surgery.     

Halitosis and oral health-related quality of life: a case report

To cite this article:
Int J Dent Hygiene 10 , 2012; 3–8
DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2011.00512.x
Buunk‐Werkhoven YAB, Dijkstra‐le Clercq M, Verheggen‐Udding EL, de Jong N, Spreen M. Halitosis and oral health‐related quality of life: a case report. Abstract: Objectives: This is a clinical case of a 36‐year‐old Dutch male, patient in the Dr. S. van Mesdag Forensic Psychiatric Centre in Groningen. It demonstrates a short‐time effect of a tailored oral hygiene self‐care intervention in three sessions over a period of 3 months on halitosis and a patient’s oral health‐related quality of life (OH‐QoL). Methods: In addition to a dental screening and professional oral hygiene care, a semi‐structured interview was conducted by the dental hygienist, and questionnaires were administered. The questionnaires included were; the Dutch version of the Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 (OHIP‐14‐NL; used as a measurement of OH‐QoL), scales for expected social outcomes for having healthy teeth, attitudes towards oral hygiene behaviour (OHB) and dental anxiety. Results: Clinical observations showed an improvement in patient’s OHB, while the extreme foetor‐ex‐ore was reduced to an acceptable level. A retrospective assessment showed that patient’s attitude towards the recommended OHB together with his self‐perceived OH‐QoL had positively increased. Conclusions: This case highlights the value of professional individual oral hygiene instructions performed by a dental hygienist. It also illustrates that a patient’s effective OHB may play an important role in the reduction in halitosis and self‐perceived OH‐QoL. Finally, the retrospective version of the OHIP‐14‐NL may be an adequate method to assess self‐perceived OH‐QoL within a relative short period of time.     

综合医院口腔专科夜间急诊1206例临床分析与对策

目的:通过分析口腔专科夜间急诊病例的年龄、性别、就诊时间及病种,分析综合医院口腔科夜间急诊发病规律及特点.方法:收集我院2008.08-2011.07间,急诊病例1206例.按年龄分四个组,对各组就诊患者性别、就诊月份、病种进行统计,结果采用方差分析.结果:1、口腔专科夜间急诊病例的性别比例男∶女为1.32∶1;2、各年龄组就诊最高月份为7月,最低月份为2、3月;3、口腔专科夜间急诊就诊率高的病种分别为:颌面部外伤(38.64％),牙髓炎(13.76％),冠周炎(13.18％)和根尖周炎(8.96％).结论:针对综合医院口腔急诊患者的发病规律和特点,加强口腔急诊医疗救治的管理,提高口腔专科医师的临床急救技能,强化老年患者口腔疾病与全身健康关系的意识,熟悉和掌握临床急救知识,对提升口腔专科急诊医疗质量具有重要意义.     

雨虎属Ras同系物-Ⅰ基因及其与口腔肿瘤间的关系

雨虎属Ras同系物(arh)-Ⅰ基因参与细胞周期调控和信号通路的传导,从而负向调节细胞生长和诱发程序性细胞死亡。arh-Ⅰ基因在卵巢、乳腺和胰腺等癌细胞中均有表达缺失,即arh-Ⅰ基因与肿瘤的形成和发展密切相关。本文就arh-Ⅰ基因的定位与结构、作用途径和与肿瘤间的关系等研究进展作一综述。     

Er: YAG激光在口腔医学中的应用

Er：YAG激光属于中红外线激光,是新一代水动力生物激光系统,拥有适合切除口腔软硬组织的特点,与传统治疗方法相比具有许多优点,可减轻治疗过程中的不适感和疼痛,患者更易接受。因铒激光在牙科治疗中的研究和应用的不断深入,本文对其工作原理及其在口腔治疗中的优势和应用进行综述。     

不同赋形剂氢氧化钙根管消毒效果的临床研究

目的比较生理盐水、碘甘油、樟脑对氯苯酚、樟脑对氯苯酚/碘甘油等赋形剂对氢氧化钙消毒根管效果的影响,以期为临床工作提供参考。方法选择单根管慢性根尖周炎患牙80颗,随机分成氢氧化钙加生理盐水、氢氧化钙加碘甘油、氢氧化钙加樟脑对氯苯酚、氢氧化钙加樟脑对氯苯酚/碘甘油等4组,观察封药1周后的临床疗效、封药1周前后的细菌学培养菌落数变化以及达到临床可充填的封药时间等评价指标。结果氢氧化钙加樟脑对氯苯酚/碘甘油组明显优于氢氧化钙加生理盐水、氢氧化钙加碘甘油、氢氧化钙加樟脑对氯苯酚组(P<0.01);在封药1周的临床疗效(评分差值)方面,氢氧化钙加生理盐水组、氢氧化钙加樟脑对氯苯酚组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在达到临床可充填封药时间上,氢氧化钙加碘甘油组、氢氧化钙加樟脑对氯苯酚组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在生理盐水、碘甘油、樟脑对氯苯酚、樟脑对氯苯酚/碘甘油等赋形剂中,樟脑对氯苯酚/碘甘油可能是最为有效的赋形剂。     

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??Abstract??Non-resolving inflammation may initiate cancerazation and is involved in cancer occurrence?? development?? metastasis?? drug resistance and various pathological processes. Previous Studies suggested that critical network nodes in regulation of carcinogenesis were closely associated with signaling pathways related to stimulation?? immunization?? stress and inflammation. Particularly??NF-κB pathway in non-resolving inflammation and cancer metastasis plays a key regulatory role in carcinogenesis. In carcinogenesis of oral mucosa?? upstream regulatory networks of miRNAs play a critical role. Using the non-resolving (chronic) inflammation malignant transformation models?? such as oral lichen planus and multiple-step carcinogenesis models?? it will establish malignant transformation spatiotemporal nodes and miRNA or mRNA expression patterns related to the processes of carcinogenesis?? promoting and development. It will also investigate the dynamic relationship between non-resolving inflammation and oral cancer through the comprehensive utilization of medical statistics?? biological informatics analysis and the integration analysis on epigenetics and genetics levels. No doubt?? to determine the basic regulatory network of malignant transformation nodes and key factors of carcinogenesis?? the novel cancer treatment model?? "anti-inflammatory"?? will provide rationale and effective interventions targeting in the future.