BcL-2、Bax、CD44V6在乳腺癌表达及预后的研究

目的探讨影响乳腺癌患者预后的因素,协助临床制定手术方式及术后治疗方案。方法选择80例各型乳腺癌患者的标本,应用免疫组化SP方法,检测乳腺癌组织中癌基因BcL-2、Bax及黏附因子CD44V6的表达情况。结果乳腺癌中BcL-2、Bax及CD44V6的表达情况与肿瘤组织学分级、瘤体直径。有无转移及患者术后存活时间均有显著性相关(P<0.05或0.01)。结论BcL-2高表达、Bax低表达、CD44V6低表达的患者组织学分级好,肿瘤体积小,淋巴结转移少,术后存活时间长,这部分患者可做肿物扩大切除而保留乳房或即使已做乳房切除,术后也可减少放疗及化疗剂量。     

Electrophysiological properties of the propafenone-analogue GE 68 (1-[3-(phenylethyl)-2-benzofuryl]-2-(propylamino)-ethanol) in isolated preparations and ventricular myocytes of guinea-pig hearts

GE 68 ((Rac.)-1-[3-(Phenylethyl)-2-benzofuryl]-2-(propylamino)-ethanol hydrochloride) is structurally related to propafenone, and exerts negative inotropic and negative chronotropic effects similar to the parent drug, but lacks any β-adrenoceptor blocking activity contrary to propafenone. Thus, the electrophysiological effects of GE 68 were studied in papillary muscles, left atria, Purkinje fibres, sinoatrial nodes and ventricular myocytes of the guinea-pig heart with the intracellular microelectrode technique and the patch-clamp technique in the cell-attached mode. The decrease of the maximum upstroke velocity (V˙_max) by GE 68 (1 to 10 μM) was use- and frequency-dependent. V˙_max recovered from the use-dependent block with a time constant of 4.1 ± 0.6 s. In papillary muscles and Purkinje fibres action potential duration was shortened, while it was prolonged in left atria and sinoatrial nodes. Half-maximal steady-state inactivation of the sodium channels was shifted to more negative membrane potentials (control: –91.5 ± 0.8 mV, 10 μM GE 68: –97.9 ± 2.5 mV). The peak of the current-voltage relationship and the reversal potential were not changed by GE 68. The amplitude of the unitary current remained unaltered, while open state probability was decreased. The most striking effect of GE 68 was an increase of the number of sweeps without single channel openings (1 μM: 2 fold, 10 μM: 6 fold). GE 68 also caused a decrease of the mean open times, and an increase of the mean closed times in unmodified and pronase-modified sodium channels. Besides the lack of β-adrenoceptor blocking activity, data present a faster recovery from the use-dependent block by GE 68 and a lower affinity to inactivated sodium channels compared to the reference drug propafenone, as well as differences in the effect on single channel kinetics. Received: 25 July 1996 / Accepted: 14 October 1996     

Pyramidal cells in primary auditory cortex project to cochlear nucleus in rat

Recent work has demonstrated that the auditory cortex in rat sends direct projections to the auditory nuclei of the brainstem, including the cochlear nucleus and superior olive. To determine the cortical origin of the projections to cochlear nucleus, Fast Blue, a retrograde fluorescent tracer, was injected into the cochlear nucleus. Labeled cells in the forebrain were then studied with light microscopy and mapped. The projection was found to originate from large pyramidal neurons in layer V of primary auditory cortex. The projection was predominantly ipsilateral, and no labeled neurons were found in other cortical areas. These data imply that primary auditory cortex exerts influence over ascending auditory information at the earliest stages of the central auditory system.     

Characterization of an immunologic polymorphism (D79H) in the heavy chain of factor V.

BACKGROUND: During the study of a family with hereditary factor (F)V deficiency (FV Amersfoort, 1102 A > T in exon 7) we identified an individual with 5% FV heavy chain antigen (FV(HC)) and 50% FV light chain antigen (FV(LC)). Further testing revealed that apart from the FV Amersfoort allele a second variant FV allele was segregating in this family, which encodes for a FV molecule with a reduced affinity for mAb V-23 used in the FV heavy chain ELISA (ELISA(HC)). OBJECTIVE: Identification and characterization of the molecular basis responsible for the reduced affinity of the variant FV for mAb V-23. METHODS: Family members of the proband were screened for mutations in the exons coding for the heavy chain of FV, after which the recombinant variant FV could be generated and characterized. Next, the cases and controls of the Leiden Thrombophilia Study (LETS) were genotyped for carriership of the variant FV. RESULTS: In the variant FV allele a polymorphism in exon 3 (409G > C) was identified, which predicts the replacement of aspartic acid 79 by histidin (D79H). Introduction of this mutation in recombinant FV confirmed that it reduces the affinity for binding to mAb V-23. The substitution has no effect on FV(a) stability and Xa-cofactor activity. In Caucasians the frequency of the FV-79H allele is approximately 5%. Analysis of the LETS revealed that the FV-79H allele is not associated with FV levels (FV(LC)), activated protein C sensitivity (using an activated partial thromboplastin time-based test) or risk of venous thrombosis (OR 1.07, CI 95: 0.7-1.7). CONCLUSION: The D79H substitution in FV should be considered as a neutral polymorphism. The monoclonal antibody V-23, which has a strongly reduced affinity for FV-79H, is not suitable for application in diagnostic tests.     

从早产儿脐带血中分离出流行性出血热病毒的探讨

１９９２年１２月作者从一位ＥＨＦ患者的早产儿脐带血中分离出ＥＨＦＶ，证实ＥＨＦＶ沿母、婴垂直途径传播的可能性。     

二氯胺基酚诱发的染色体畸变及染毒时间对畸变率的影响研究

２，４－二氯胺基酚（ＤＣＡＰ）是８３—１除草剂在哺乳动物体内的主要代谢产物。本研究以三种染毒计划观察了ＤＣＡＰ诱发Ｖ７９细胞的染色体畸变。结果表明：ＤＣＡＰ是一种染色体损伤剂，诱发的畸变主要为染色单体断裂和交换；３ｈ染毒和染毒后培养１７ｈ诱发的染色体畸变率最高，２０ｈ染毒观察不到染色体畸变，说明以高浓度短期染毒对高细胞毒性化合物的细胞遗传毒性研究可能是较好的染毒方案。     

E1 Tor霍乱弧菌SM_6和江苏1d菌株

ＳＭ６是我国检测Ｅ１Ｔｏｒ霍乱弧菌是否带有溶源性噬菌体的指示菌株。江苏的６株Ｅ１Ｔｏｒ霍乱弧菌和ＳＭ６都属于噬菌体－生物分型的１ｄ型，而在噬菌体分型中ＳＭ６为１／２型，江苏的６株菌株则为１／２／３型；霍乱毒素（ＣＴ）基因测定也表明两者的不同，ＳＭ６不含ＣＴ基因，江苏的６株都含有ＣＴ基因，显示噬菌体分型可将噬菌体－生物分型的型别进一步划分，ＳＭ６的特性也为霍乱的进一步研究提供了资料。     

脉动真空灭菌器内室气体流向监测报警装置的研制

本文针对XGI型脉动真空灭菌柜出现的蒸汽倒流故障设计出一种内室气体流向监测报警装置，对管道中的蒸汽流向和空气流向进行监测。当出现倒流现象时，报警装置发出报警信号，提醒工作人员采取措施排除故障。经在两台灭菌柜上使用，证明此方案是一种行之有效的方法。