烹调油烟对大鼠睾丸毒性的影响

作者探讨了烹调油烟（ Ｃ Ｏ Ｆ）对雄性大鼠生殖性损伤的毒作用机制。按时相（２０、４０、６０天）给雄性 Ｓ Ｄ 大鼠吸入同一浓度（３６～５３ ｍ ｇ／ｍ ３ ）的 Ｃ Ｏ Ｆ,观察 Ｃ Ｏ Ｆ对睾丸及其微量元素的影响。结果表明,吸入 Ｃ Ｏ Ｆ４０、６０天时大鼠体重均有降低趋势;睾丸、附睾脏器及其与体重的比值均分别低于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ００５）,且呈时 效关系;染毒４０、６０天时精子含量和存活率显著降低,而畸形率明显增高,且死精子多;染毒４０、６０天时睾丸中 Ｚｎ、 Ｍｎ 代谢紊乱,出现 Ｚｎ 低, Ｍｎ 高,均呈时 效关系。提示, Ｃ Ｏ Ｆ对性腺具有明显毒性,同时微量元素代谢紊乱可能对性腺的损害起了重要作用。     

烹调油烟引发大鼠肺脂质过氧化及其对巨噬细胞膜的损伤作用

给大鼠吸入烹调油烟,观察对ＡＭ膜和肺组织细胞的损伤作用以及对肺脂质过氧化作用。结果表明：烹调油烟可以造成大鼠ＡＭ膜流动性明显降低,ＢＡＬＦ中ＬＤＨ、ＡＣＰ和ＡＫＰ不同程度的增加以及肺匀浆中ＬＰＯ显著增加。推测烹调油烟引发脂质过氧化反应可能是造成ＡＭ和肺组织细胞直接损伤的重要机制之一。     

硅油下视网膜复位术疗效探讨

目的 总结硅油填充术后视网膜再脱离行硅油正视网膜复位术的疗效,探讨该手术的适应证及手术技巧。方法 对１７例（１７只眼）硅油填充术后视网膜再脱离者,在保留硅油的条件下,做睫状体扁平部３切口,在导光纤维的导引下行剥膜、断膜、视网膜切开、内放液、内激光光凝、视网膜下全氟化碳液体取出、补充硅油等使视网膜得位。结果 １７只眼中,术后视网膜重位１４只眼,成功率为８２．４％。术中硅油误入前房１只眼,误入脉络膜上     

硅油继发青光眼的发病相关因素及治疗的初步探讨

探讨硅油继发青光眼的发病相关因素及治疗。方法对行玻璃体切割,硅油注入术的２７５例患者术后随访结果进行回顾性研究。结果硅油继发青光眼的发病率为１１．３％,随着硅油在眼内存留时间的延长,其发病率增高。     

Stabilization of rat serum proteins following oral administration of fish oil

The mechanism of action of fish oil (FO), currently used in different chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is not completely understood, although it is thought that it could alter the metabolism of endogenous autacoids. In addition, we hypothesized that the known capability of fatty acids (FA) of stabilizing serum albumin and perhaps other proteins, may be of pharmacological relevance considering that it is shared by other anti-rheumatic agents (e.g. nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs). Thus, we studied the effect of oral administration of FO and corn oil (CO), a vegetable oil with a different composition, on the stability of rat serum proteins, evaluated by a classical in vitro method based on heat-induced protein denaturation. FO, and, to a lower extent, CO inhibited heat-induced denaturation of rat serum (RS): based on the inhibitory activity (EC50) of the major fatty acids against heat-induced denaturation of RS in vitro, it was possible to speculate that in vivo effects of palmitic acid (C16:0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5, n-3) may be more relevant than that of linolenic acid (C18:2). To better investigate this phenomenon, we extracted albumin from the serum of animals treated or not with FO with a one-step affinity chromatography technique, obtaining high purity rat serum albumin preparations (RSA-CTRL and RSA-FO), as judged by SDS-PAGE with Coomassie blue staining. When these RSA preparations were heated at 70 degrees C for 30 min, it was noted that RSA-FO was much more stable than RSA-CTRL, presumably due to higher number of long chain fatty acids (FA) such as palmitic acid or EPA. In conclusion, we provided evidences that oral administration of FO in the rat stabilizes serum albumin, due to an increase in the number of protein bound long chain fatty acids (e.g. palmitic acid and EPA). We speculate that the stabilization of serum albumin and perhaps other proteins could prevent changes of antigenicity due to protein denaturation and glycosylation, which may trigger pathological autoimmune responses, suggesting that this action may be involved in the mode of action of FO in RA and other chronic inflammatory diseases.     

使用Excel 7.0for Windows95优化换热网络

提出了使用Ｅｘｃｅｌ ７．０ ｆｏｒ Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９５简便和快速优化换热网络的方法。首先由Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ法确定全局最优点的近似位置,然后由“Ｓｏｌｖｅｒ”求得精确解。全部优化过程由ＶＢＡ语言编写。此法可用于解决许多工程优化问题。     

一种新的去除食油中黄曲霉毒素的去毒剂

本文报道一种新的去除食油中AFBl的去毒剂——AFR的除毒效力。一公斤被AFB_1污染的食油加入2克AFR,搅拌5分钟,自然静置约24小时,其上清部分符合国家食油卫生标准,去毒率可达95—100％,急性毒性,大鼠蓄积毒性、微核及Ames试验结果显示:AFR属于一种无毒的去毒剂,具有使用方便、高效及低耗油等特点。现已通过省级卫生、粮油部门鉴定,并已获“卫生合格证”,批准生产,推广于某些省区,其效果良好。     

花椒及其类同品挥发油的分析

本文报道1990年版药典收载的花椒Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim、青椒z sehinifolium Sieb.et Zucc,以及其他3个药用种毛竹叶椒z armature f ferrugineum(R·et W.)Huang、朵椒z molle Rehd.、椿叶花椒z.ailanthvide8 Sieb.et Zucc,共5种8个样品果皮挥发油含量,并对其中4个样品挥发油进行了GC-MS分析。结果显示同种不同产地及不祠植物来源的花椒果皮挥发油含量及组成差异很大。     

Effect of a diet rich in linseed oil on complex viscosity and blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

Summary The influence of a diet rich in linseed oil (10 % in weight) with a content of 61.2 % of -linolenic fatty acid on blood pressure and complex blood viscosity was investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats. A decrease in blood pressure by 59 mm Hg was found compared to the age-matched, untreated control group. The viscous () and elastic () components of viscosity were also reduced at various shear rates ( ). The same applies to the aggregation index, which is a measure of the aggregation tendency of red blood cells (RBC).Of course, the effects on blood viscosity cannot explain the observed degree of blood-pressure lowering. Nevertheless, a decrease in the viscosity can improve the flow conditions in the microcirculation, which may lead to a better oxygen supply.Supported by the Alfred-Teufel-Stiftung.This study is part of the unpublished doctoral thesis of M. Schäch     

Cutting oil dermatitis on guinea pig skin

The effect of repeated exposure of cutting oil on 8 guinea pigs' skin was evaluated by visual scoring for erythema and skin water vapour loss (SVL) measurement over a 6-week period. The visual scores (measuring severity of erythema) and SVL values were significantly higher on skin treated with cutting oils (positive control) compared to untreated skin (negative control) throughout the study period. The scores and SVL values returned to near-baseline values when cutting oil application was stopped. In addition, the effect of 2 "after-work" emollient creams on 8 guinea pigs' skin repeatedly treated with a cutting oil was assessed by similar methods. The visual scores and SVL values of guinea pig skin that was repeatedly treated with the cutting oil and moisturized with "after-work" emollient creams, were significantly higher than negative and positive control guinea pig skin. It appeared that the 2 "after-work" emollient creams do not alleviate the irritant effect of the cutting oil on guinea pig skin. They appeared to aggravate the irritant effect of the cutting oil.