骨肿瘤患者mIL-2R表达和血清sIL-2R水平的观察及临床意义的研究

本实验观察28例恶性骨肿瘤(骨肉瘤14例,软骨肉瘤5例),转移性骨癌4例,,其它5例,及15例良性骨肿患者PBMC 经PHA 刺激后的mIL-2R 表达和血清sIL-2R 水平,设健康对照组15例。实验结果:1.恶性骨肿瘤患者mIL-2R 表达显著降低,在各类型之间则无明显差异;2.恶性骨肿瘤患者sIL-2R水平显著升高,在转移性骨癌明显高于其它类型;3.良性骨肿瘤患者mIL-2R 表达和slL-2R 水平与对照组比较均无明显差异;4.骨肿瘤患者mIL-2R 表达和sIL-2R 水平之间无明确关系。表明mIL-2R 表达不足和sIL-2R 异常升高在恶性骨肿瘤患者机体免疫抑制机制中起重要作用,血清sIL-2R 水平和肿瘤转移及病情变化密切相关;提示sIL-2R 可作为骨肿瘤患者辅助诊断及病情监测的有效指标。     

恶性肿瘤患者血清sIL—2R的检测

本文采用ELISA夹心法,对66例恶性肿瘤患者血清中可溶性白细胞介素2受体进行检测,以39例健康学生做对照,结果显示恶性肿瘤患者血清slL-2R 含量明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。并对血清sIL-2R 水平在肿瘤诊断及预后判断中的意义进行了探讨。     

The influence of positive selection on RAG expression in thymocytes

The expression of recombination activating gene (RAG) products, responsible for T cell receptor (TcR) gene rearrangement, is shut off during positive selection of thymocytes. The precise stage at which this down-regulation occurs remains somewhat controversial. We have analyzed RAG-1 expression in thymocytes of TcR transgenic mice carried on selecting versus non-selecting genetic backgrounds, both by in situ hybridization on thymus sections and by polymerase chain reaction amplification of RNA from sorted cells. The data from several transgenic lines indicate that RAG expression is already reduced in immature, cortical, CD4⁺CD8⁺ cells in the presence of positively selecting major histocompatibility complex molecules, although complete shut-off is not achieved until the mature, medullary, single-positive stage. This finding has practical and theoretical significance for studies on the mechanism of positive selection.     

甲醛固定对阿片受体结合能力的影响

应用放射受体分析和体外受体放射自显影技术,研究了甲醛固定对阿片受体结合能力的影响。结果表明,1％多聚甲醛溶液中孵育30分钟或12小时,对大鼠脑膜阿片受体结合能力均无显著影响; 2％或4％多聚甲醛溶液中孵育30分钟,对阿片受体结合能力也无显著影响。经甲醛固定的脑切片上的阿片受体,与[~3H]-埃托啡结合的饱和曲线与新鲜脑切片的相似。用1％多聚甲醛固定的组织切片进行体外受体放射自显影,较好地显示了阿片受体的分布。这些结果提示,甲醛固定的组织可用于进行体外受体放射自显影研究。     

LTP的钙离子通道机制:VDCC LTP和NMDA LTP

长时程增强(LTP)与学习记忆机制关系密切.长时程增强的产生依赖于钙离子通道的活动特性,Ca2+经不同的钙离子通道内流引发的长时程增强对应不同的记忆作用.综述了通过N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸(NMDA)受体钙离子通道和电压依赖性钙离子通道(VDCC)活动产生LTP及其各自对应的记忆作用,还介绍了以低频刺激方式产生长时程增强的研究实例.     

肿瘤坏死因子突变体对胃癌细胞肿瘤坏死因子受体的调节

本文采用放射配基结合分析法和蛋白合成抑制试验研究了肿瘤坏死因子突变体（ＴＮＦ－ｍ）对ＳＧＣ７９０１细胞ＴＮＦ受体的影响。结果表明，ＴＮＦ－ｍ可显著降低ＳＧＣ７９０１细胞表面ＴＮＦ受体数目并呈剂量、时间、温度依赖关系，对受体亲和力无影响，ＴＮＦ－ｍ可使胞浆ＴＮＦ受体数目增加，去除ＴＮＦ－ｍ３ｈ后，膜ＴＮＦ受体大约可恢复６０％，显著高于胰蛋白酶处理组ＴＮＦ受体的恢复率，放线菌素Ｄ对ＴＮＦ－ｍ处理的细胞ＴＮＦ受体的抑制作用显著低于对照组，且ＴＮＦ受体的半衰期约为９０ｍｉｎ．据此认为，ＴＮＦ－ｍ通过介导ＴＮＦ受体的内化从而使膜ＴＮＦ受体数降低。     

Variant progesterone receptor mRNAs are co-expressed with the wild-type progesterone receptor mRNA in human endometrium during all phases of the menstrual cycle

Progesterone receptor (PR) variant mRNAs in human endometrium could encode proteins with the potential to alter progesterone action in states of normal and abnormal endometrial development. We have assessed the expression levels of mRNA for the wild-type PR and splice variants of PR mRNA lacking exon 4 (del-4 PR), exon 6 (del-6 PR), exons 4 and 6 (del-4&6 PR), and part of exon 4 (del-p4 PR) or part of exon 6 (del-p6 PR) in the human endometrium throughout menstrual cycle development. Eighty-eight endometrial specimens (47 proliferative, 41 secretory) were collected from patients undergoing hysterectomy for benign gynaecologic causes. Measurements by RT-PCR indicated that mRNAs for wild-type PR, and splice variants del-4 PR, del-6 PR, del-4&6 PR, del-p6 PR, and a novel del-p4 PR were detected in all endometrial specimens throughout the menstrual cycle. Higher levels of wild-type PR and all PR variant mRNAs were found in the early and mid-proliferative endometrial phases than in secretory endometrium. The relative expression of mRNA for all PR variants compared to wild-type PR mRNA, however, did not change through all stages of endometrial development. We, therefore, found no evidence of differential co-expression of the PR variants compared with wild-type PR during normal menstrual development. Future studies will determine if the expression profile of PR variant mRNAs will be different in the endometrium of patients with infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, or endometrial adenocarcinoma.     

胞膜雌激素受体信号通路与乳腺癌的关系

雌激素通过分布于细胞膜的雌激素结合蛋白, 激活细胞内信号级联放大反应，从而改变胞内蛋白功能和调控基因表达，此为雌激素非基因组作用模式或称膜启动的雌激素应答。雌激素基因组与非基因组作用的交叉对话在调控转录中有重要意义。在人类乳腺癌的发生、发展和转化过程中，除由雌激素诱导的核内事件外，膜启动的雌激素应答同样影响细胞的增殖与凋亡机制。     

Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization of the androgen receptor in the developing human prostate

 As it is suggested that the androgen receptor mechanism is required for prostatic development, we attempted to determine the appearance, expression and distribution of the androgen receptor in embryonic, infantile and pubertal human prostate. Using mono- and polyclonal antibodies and a digoxigenin-labeled 713 bp riboprobe, the androgen receptor expression in paraffin sections of fetal, infantile, and pubertal prostates was studied at the protein and RNA level. Under highly standardized conditions, application of the polyclonal antibodies resulted in a weak cytoplasmic and nuclear labeling of the epithelium of fetal glands. No immunoreaction was obtained with monoclonal antibodies. Applying the polyclonal antibody to pubertal and adult specimens, immunoreactivity of the androgen receptor was positive in nuclei of adluminal and basal epithelial cells, in interstitial and vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelium, whereas ganglionic cells and enteroendocrine cells were negative. In situ hybridization with the digoxigenin-labeled riboprobe gave clear positive results already in epithelium of very young fetal specimens. A semiquantitative visual evaluation of in situ hybridizations showed that intermediate intensity of expression was increased in pubertal and adult specimens, whereas strong expression was reduced in prostatic epithelium. Conclusions: The essential findings are: (1) an early expression of androgen receptor mRNA in the fetal prostate; (2) no immunoreaction of monoclonal antibodies against the androgen receptor in the same specimens, (3) a decrease of androgen receptor mRNA expression, but increase in immunoreactivity of the androgen receptor protein with the onset of glandular maturation during puberty. Accepted: 29 September 1997