配伍环境对桂枝散寒解表功效的影响

目的:研究配伍环境对桂枝在复方中散寒解表功效的影响。方法:对所收集的历代1425首含桂枝方剂中,与桂枝配伍具有散寒解表功效的202首方剂的药物进行归纳。结果:配伍频次由高到低的药物分别是:防风(60.89%)、麻黄(36.63%)、羌活(27.23%)、白芷(14.85%)、生姜(11.39%)、荆芥(5.94%)、荆芥和防风(4.46%)。结论:桂枝在复方中要发挥散寒的解表功效,须与相应的药物形成配伍环境,作用方向才明确。     

震区四肢骨折病人感染的后方治疗

目的 讨论震区后送四肢骨折并感染病人的治疗.方法 回顾性分析我科收治的19例震区四肢骨折并发感染患者的治疗经验,研究其治疗的方法和时机.结果 19例伤员感染均得到有效控制,平均时间15天,无新截肢及残端超关节修整病例.结论 震区四肢骨折伤员感染发病率高,特殊感染机会大,应正确、积极控制感染,减轻患者痛苦.     

汶川地震德阳市腹部损伤的调查与分析

A magnitude of 8.0 earthquake struck on Wenchuan on May 12, 2008. Until July 1, 1393 injured persons had been admitted to Deyang People's Hospital. Of all injured persons, 32 were diagnosed with abdominal injury, including 18 men and 14 women. All the abdominal injuries were closed injury, and multiple abdominal viscera were involved in the abdominal injuries after the earthquake. Careful examination is crucial in preventing missed diagnosis. The incidences of the liver and spleen injuries were significantly higher than that of the intestine, and the reason may be that the liver and spleen are the parenchymal viscera. Diagnostic abdominocentesis can timely diagnose the parenchymal viscera with severe blood loss. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage combined with selective CT scan can timely diagnose the abdominal injuries with comparatively low cost.     

加强汶川地震灾害医学救援的经验总结

汶川地震灾区内受灾严重的医院医学资料严重缺失,灾区内建制相对完整的医院也存在未住院病人资料不全、缺少最后治疗效果等情况,灾区外医院伤员资料较为齐全,但不能反映本次地震灾害医学救援的整体情况.加强经验总结现阶段的弥补措施和重点包括:(1)按照分级救治的策略收集整理资料;(2)努力挖掘现场救治的经验;(3)按行政区域收集灾区内医院资料;(4)收集颅脑损伤、胸腹损伤和休克伤员等的完整数据;(5)加强总结现场转运和院间转运的资料;(6)建立全国或区域性的卫生主管部门或行业协会牵头的资料收集体系.今后应加强创伤医学和灾害医学学科建设,制定全国统一的伤票或伤标、转运病历,以及发展电子伤票和数据库.     

Study on the Mechanism of Compound Mistletoe Fluidextract in Relieving Hypertension

To observe the effect of Fufang Jisheng Liujin Gao （复方寄生流浸膏 Compound Mistletoe Fluidextract） on blood pressure in the spontaneous hypertensive rats （SHR） and the renal hypertensive dogs （RHD）. Methods： The blood pressure-decreasing effects of single administration and 14-day consecutive administration of Compound Mistletoe Fluidextract （CMF） in SHR and RHD were investigated and compared with that of Niuhuang Jiangya Wan （牛黄降压丸 Bezoar Hypertension-relieving Pills）. Results： Both single administration and 14-day consecutive administration of CMF had significant hypotensive effects in SHR and RHD. Conclusion： The hypotensive action of CMF is gradual, but lasts for a longer period, with a dose-effect relationship in a range of doses.     

圣手镇痛活络酊治疗颈肩腰腿疾病关节肌肉疼痛660例疗效分析

目的观察圣手镇痛活络酊治疗颈肩腰腿疾病引起的关节肌肉疼痛的近期疗效。方法将1300例颈肩腰腿疾病关节肌肉疼痛的患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组660例,用圣手镇痛活络酊外敷治疗;对照组640例用舒筋活血汤口服治疗,10天为1个疗程。1个疗程结束后评定近期疗效。结果2组治疗前疼痛、肿胀、压痛、功能受限等积分差异无显著意义(P>0.05);治疗后2组在功能受限等体征方面差异有显著意义(P<0.05),在疼痛、肿胀等症状及压痛等体征方面的差异有非常显著意义(P<0.01);2组近期疗效评价差异有非常显著意义(P<0.01)。结论圣手镇痛活络酊是治疗颈肩腰腿疾病引起的关节肌肉疼痛的有效药物。     

汶川地震灾后四川省的卫生防病工作（2008．5．12～8．12）

目的分析汶川地震灾后四川省的卫生防病工作，为今后应对类似重大突发事件后的卫生防病工作提供借鉴和参考。方法收集、整理、分析汶川特大地震灾后四川省抗震救灾指挥部医疗保障组工作档案资料。结果汶川地震后，四川省卫生防病工作采取卫生防病与医疗救援同步、卫生防病关口前移、全覆盖下狠抓防控重点、卫生防病规范化、长期化等几大策略，使卫生防病工作有力有序有效推进，取得显著成效。结论汶川地震后，四川省的灾后卫生防病工作策略正确、措施有效，值得在今后应对重大突发事件的卫生防病工作中推广。     

汶川地震后华西医院赴绵阳医疗队医疗救援工作回顾

回顾性总结四川大学华西医院医疗队在汶川地震灾区现场的医疗救援工作，为日后灾害现场医疗救援工作的组织和实施提供参考。强调根据灾害现场医疗护理服务需求，并结合地震灾害不同阶段的医疗救援特点，科学合理调配和利用医疗护理人力资源，是提高医疗救援工作有效性的关键。     

战创伤救护模式在大批量地震伤员分诊救治中的应用

目的探讨大批量地震伤员集中分诊救治的模式。方法将战创伤救护模式运用于大批量地震伤员的分诊救治实践。结果依托完善的应急救援系统，参照战创伤救治模式组织实施成批伤员救治，保证了指挥协调通畅、分类预检及时、重伤救治有序、后送保障有力，充分发挥了军队医院应急机动、快速反应的优势。结论建立健全完善有效的平战时期战创伤救护模式，对应对突发灾难性事件大批量伤员的救治具有重要的现实意义。     

Hospitalized children's descriptions of their experiences with postsurgical pain relieving methods

The purpose of this study was to describe children's (aged 8-12 yr) experiences with postsurgical pain relieving methods, and their suggestions to nurses and parents concerning the implementation of pain relief measures in the hospital. The data were collected by interviewing children (N = 52) who were inpatients on a pediatric surgical ward in the university hospital of Finland. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. The children rated the intensity of pain on a visual analogue scale. The results indicated that all of the children used at least one self-initiated pain relieving method (e.g. distraction, resting/sleeping), in addition to receiving assistance in pain relief from nurses (e.g. giving pain killers, helping with daily activities) and parents (e.g. distraction, presence). The children also provided suggestions, especially as it relates to nurses (e.g. creating a more comfortable environment), regarding the implementation of effective surgical pain relief. However, some cognitive-behavioral and physical methods were identified that should be implemented more frequently in clinical practice. Furthermore, most children reported their worst pain to be severe or moderate, which indicates that pain management in hospitalized children should be more aggressive.