体外静脉—静脉转流下原位肝移植围术期酸碱,生化的变化

目的:观察体外静脉转流下原位肝移植围术期酸碱和生化的变化。方法:7例病人行原位肝移植术,在无肝期行体外静脉-静脉转流,监测围术期酸碱和生化指标。结果:(1)与术前相比,pH各期有所下降,但仍维持在正常范围,BE和SBC在转流60分钟及关腹时降低;与转流前期相比。pH以后各期变化不大。术期pH在7.35～7.45范围之内;(2)血糖在各期都升高,血钙降低,体温逐渐降低;(3)血钾在肝血管开放后一过性增高,由3.17mmol/L升至3.53mmol/L。结论;体外静脉转流下原位肝移植术,术中酸碱和生化变化轻微,避免了明显的代谢性酸中毒和高血钾,但体温和血糖变化明显。     

矽肺患者肺功能与动脉血气分析的研究

本文对88例矽肺病人和37名接尘工人进行了肺功能和动脉血气分析,结果表明各期矽肺的VC、FVC、FEV_1、MMF、FEV_1/FVC均值低于接尘组,而异常检出率则高于接尘组,通气功能的下降呈进行性,但早期不很明显,与接尘组无显著差异。各期矽肺组V_(50)及V_(25)均有明显降低,显示早期即有小气道的广泛损害。矽肺的通气功能损害类型,Ⅰ期矽肺组以阻塞型多见,Ⅱ、Ⅲ期矽肺组以混合型为主。RV和RV/TLC在Ⅲ期矽肺组有明显增高,表明矽肺晚期多并发肺气肿。另外DL_(CD)和K_(CD)在各矽肺组均低于接尘组,差异有显著性,说明矽肺早期即可有弥散功能的损害。血气分析表明PaO_2及SatO_2降低主要见于Ⅱ、Ⅲ期矽肺。Ⅲ期矽肺组有1/3患者(33.33％)在有低氧血症的同时合并有高碳酸血症。对比肺功能和血气分析结果,认为通气功能指标FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC、VC、FVC、MMF以及弥散功能指标DL_(CO)和K_(CO)为早期反映矽肺呼吸功能的灵敏指标。血气分析对病情和预后的判断有重要参考价值。     

使用手性冠醚的高效毛细管电泳法研究伯胺类药物的手性分离

目的　采用HPCE法拆分伯胺类药物对映异构体。方法　缓冲液 2 0mmol/LTris 0 .1%H3 PO4(v/v)(pH 2 .0 6 ) +18 冠 6 四甲酸 (18C6H4) ;检测波长 2 10nm。结果　 8种伯胺类药物得以拆分。结论　缓冲液中添加手性冠醚的HPCE法能较好地拆分伯胺类药物。     

玻璃体腔内注气治疗黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离

采用玻璃体腔内注气治疗黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离４９例（５３只眼），视风膜复位４２只眼（７９．２％），其中术后视力增进２９只眼（６９％），讨论了注气的适应征和影响视网膜复位的因素。     

A study of factors governing fluid filtration in the diabetic foot

Abstract. The effect of lowering the foot on the factors governing fluid filtration in the foot were studied in 12 male insulin-dependent diabetic subjects and 10 controls. Toe skin blood flow, measured by laser Doppler flowmetry, was significantly higher during dependency in the diabetic group. In the control subjects, the colloid osmotic pressure of venous blood sampled from the foot rose to 47·7 mmHg (range 45·1–53·8) after 50 min of foot dependency. In the diabetic group, colloid osmotic pressure failed to rise to the same extent (median 36·7 mmHg; range 28·6–43·0; P < 0·001). Capillary pressure, measured directly by the Landis microinjection technique, was significantly higher in the diabetic group (85·3±1·7 ( n = 6) vs. 92·2±4·6 cm H₂O ( n = 6); P < 0·007), as was foot swelling rate determined by mercury strain gauge plethysmography (0·069±0·022 vs. 0·099±0·025 ml min^-1 100ml^-1; P < 0·02). These results suggest an impairment of the oedema-preventing mechanisms in diabetic subjects which may contribute to the risks of ulceration in the diabetic foot.     

高压氧中毒对小鼠肺毛细血管细胞色素氧化酶活性的影响

采用超微结构细胞化学和计算机图象定量分析方法，测量计算了高压下氧中毒小鼠肺毛细血管线粒体、线粒体细胞色素氧化酶二维形态学和三维立体学参数。结果表明，小鼠暴露于０．５ＭＰａ高压氧后，肺毛细血管线粒体二维形态学和三维立体学参数的值没有发生变化，但线粒体细胞色素氧化酶的活性明显降低。     

Clinical experience with minimal flow xenon anesthesia

Xenon is a more potent anesthetic than nitrous oxide, and gives more profound analgesia. This investigation was performed to assess the potential of xenon for becoming an anesthetic inspite of its high manufacturing cost. Seven ASA I—-II patients undergoing cholecystectomy (n = 4), hernia repair (n = 2), or mammoplasty (n=l) were studied. Denitrogenation by 15–20 min of oxygen breathing under propofol anesthesia was followed by fentanyl–supplemented xenon anesthesia administered via an automatic minimal flow system which held the oxygen concentration at 30%. Xenon anesthesia lasted 76–228 min and 8–14 1 of xenon (ATPD) was used, of which 5.6–8.1 1 was expended during the first 15 min. Anesthesia appeared to be satisfactory, and the patients woke up rapidly after xenon was discontinued. The automatic system made minimal flow xenon anesthesia easy to administer, but nitrogen accumulation is still a problem. Assuming a xenon price of 10 US $ per litre, the average cost for xenon was about 65 US $ for the first 15 min and then about 25 USS for each subsequent hour of anesthesia.     

Effects of low-dose propofol administration on central respiratory drive, gas exchanges and respiratory pattern

The effects of sedative-hypnotic doses of propofol on respiratory drive and pattern have not yet been extensively described. Repeated small boluses of propofol (0.6-0.3 mg.kg-1) were administered to ten ASA I patients undergoing carpal tunnel release using regional anaesthesia. Airway pressure, capnography and pneumotachography were continuously recorded. With respect to basal values, no significant variations of respiratory rate, minute volume, tidal volume, inspiratory and expiratory time, total expiratory cycle, Ti/Ttot, TV/Ti, P0.1, EtCO2 and blood gas analysis were observed. Low doses of propofol, to maintain conscious sedation of light sleep, have not been shown to cause respiratory depression.     

富氧气体防护下暴发性缺氧大鼠大脑超微病理变化

目的 从亚细胞水平观察大鼠在12 000m高度暴发性缺氧及富氧气体防护时大脑顶叶皮质组织超微结构变化，为高空暴发性缺氧的防护和治疗提供理论依据。方法 将24只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为地面对照组、3000m对照组、12000m暴发性缺氧组、12000m吸90％富氧气体防护组、12000m吸100％氧气防护组、12000m吸50％富氧气体防护组，每组4只。于低压舱内暴露于12000m高度30min，然后将动物即刻处死，取大脑顶叶皮质层组织，制成切片，透射电镜下观察。结果与地面对照组相比，随着吸氧浓度的降低，实验组缺氧程度加重，主要表现为脑组织神经细胞、神经胶质细胞结构模糊不清，核及胞质内线粒体、内质网扩张，突触小泡减少等，以12000m暴发性缺氧组及吸50％氧气防护组明显。结论 吸100％和吸90％富氧气体防护效果是理想的，与地面对照组和3000m对照组的结果无明显差别。     

鸡蛋清中卵转铁蛋白的分离提取

采用固定化金属螯合亲和色谱法(IMAC),从蛋清中分离和提取卵转铁蛋白(OVT).结果表明,采用均质处理蛋清液并结合硅藻土过滤澄清的预处理方法,去除了蛋清中的粘蛋白等一些影响柱分离的杂质蛋白,减轻了色谱柱的污染,延长了柱的使用寿命,从而降低了生产成本.SDS-PAGE电泳分析显示,分离提取的OVT纯度达到96%,远高于商品OVT;电喷雾质谱分析显示,OVT的相对分子质量为76 500.