Persistence of effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors: Comparisons on blood flow and plasma exudation in guinea pig skin

Plasma protein extravasation has been measured in guinea pig skin using

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-albumin and blood flow using

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enon (

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e) clearance. The nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitors N^G-nitro-

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-arginine methyl ester (

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-NAME), N^G-monomethyl-

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-arginine (l

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NMMA) and N^G-nitro-

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-arginine (

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-NOArg) and the α-adrenoceptor agonist, phenylephrine, inhibited bradykinin induced plasma protein extravasation when co-injected with the peptide. The inhibitory effects of

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-NAME and

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-NOArg lasted for up to 8 and 4 h, respectively, whereas phenylephrine and

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-NMMA had no persistent inhibitory effects. When co-injected with

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e,

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-NAME,

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-NMMA,

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-NOArg and phenylephrine, but not

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-NAME, produced significant reductions in skin blood flow. When injected prior to

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e,

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-NAME and

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-NOArg, but not phenylephrine or

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-NMMA, significantly reduced flow. The effect of

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-NAME on flow was not significant at 8 h. Thus, although the inhibitory effects of the NO synthase inhibitors on mediator induced plasma protein extravasation show correlations with their effects on blood flow, the persistent effect of

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-NAME on exudation appears to extend beyond its effect on flow.     

精氨酸、尼莫地平、细胞生长肽对环孢素毒性及其血药浓度的影响

目的：探讨精氨酸、尼莫地平、细胞生长肽(bFGF)对环孢素的肝、肾、睾丸毒性的防护作用和对体内药物浓度的影响。方法：雄性大鼠给予环孢素后，再分别给予精氨酸、尼莫地平和bFGF，测定大鼠环孢素浓度、细胞凋亡指数、血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、肌肝(Cr)、生精功能等。结果：精氨酸明显升高大鼠血中环孢素浓度，尼莫地平和bFGF则降低环孢素浓度。精氨酸、尼莫地平和bFGF具有明显降低肝、肾、睾丸细胞凋亡指数、血清ALT和Cr，以及减轻精子发生障碍的作用。结论：精氨酸、尼莫地平、bFGF可影响血中环孢素浓度，并减轻环孢素引起肝、肾、睾丸的毒性，而以精氨酸的作用较明显。     

AccQ-Tag法测定复方精氨酸胶囊中精氨酸的含量

目的：建立测定复方精氨酸胶囊中精氨酸含量的AccQ—Tag法^[1,2,3]。方法：以6-氨基喹啉-N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺基甲酸酯(AQC)为衍生剂，与复方精氨酸胶囊中精氨酸柱前定量衍生，用Waters HPLC仪，AccQ—Tag^TM氨基酸分析柱，以pH4．95醋酸钠缓冲液为流动相A，乙腈—水(3：2)为流动相B，进行梯度洗脱，检测波长为248nm。结果：线性范围：0．1006～0．9054μg，r=0．9995(n=5)。回收率：99．7％，RSD0．38％(n=5)。结论：本法快速、简便，辅料无干扰，结果满意。     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定中药板蓝根中精氨酸的含量

目的 :建立中药板蓝根中精氨酸的含量测定方法。方法 :以LunaC1 8(4 6mm× 15 0mm ,5 μm)色谱柱为固定相 ,柱温2 5℃ ;以水 三氟醋酸 (99 8∶0 2 )为流动相 ,流速 0 2ml·min- 1 ;蒸发光散射检测器检测 ,漂移管温度 10 5℃ ,气体流速 3 0 0L·min- 1 。结果 :精氨酸在 0 5 0 4 μg～ 2 5 2 μg范围内线性关系良好 ,r=0 9992。平均加样回收率为 99 3% ,RSD =0 9% (n =5 )。结论 :该方法简便、准确 ,重复性好。     

阿司匹林精氨酸盐注射液的制备及其稳定性研究

目的　制备阿司匹林精氨酸盐及其注射液 ,并测定含量 ,考察稳定性。方法　阿司匹林与精氨酸反应生成阿司匹林精氨酸盐 ,精制后以注射用水为溶剂制成阿司匹林精氨酸盐注射液 ,用紫外 -可见分光光度法测定其含量 ,考察阿司匹林精氨酸盐及其注射液在 30 ,4 5 ,6 0℃及 30 ,35 ,4 0 ,4 5℃的稳定性。结果　阿司匹林精氨酸盐在高温下不稳定 ,初步确定其注射液的有效期为 1.32年。结论　阿司匹林精氨酸盐及其注射液制备方法可行 ,其原料及制剂在常温下稳定     

HPLC-ELSD法测定盐酸精氨酸片含量

本文建立一种快速、准确的HPLC-ELSD法测定盐酸精氨酸的含量的方法.色谱柱:Lichrospher100 RP-18;流动相: 0.1%三氟醋酸-乙腈(60:40). 盐酸精氨酸在1.26μg～2.92μg范围内进样量与峰面积的对数具有良好线性关系(r=0.9995);盐酸精氨酸平均回收率为:100.2%,RSD为:0.67%(n=9).本法快速,简便,准确,重现性好.     

盐酸精氨酸口服液的HPLC测定

建立HPLC法测定盐酸精氨酸口服液的含量.采用Hypersil BDS C18色谱柱,50mmol/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲液-乙腈(58:42)为流动相,检测波长204nm,柱温30℃,流速0.7ml/min.在0.25～2μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率为99.8%,RSD为0.94%.     

Chemical modification of arginine residues of Notechis scutatus scutatus notexin.

Notexin, a presynaptic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) neurotoxin isolated from Notechis scutatus scutatus venom, was inactivated by arginine-specific reagents, phenylglyoxal and 1,2-cyclohexanedione. Kinetic analyses of the modification reaction revealed that the inactivation of notexin followed pseudo-first order kinetics and the loss of PLA2 activity was correlated with the incorporation of one molecule of modification reagent per toxin molecule. However, the results of amino acid analysis and sequence determination revealed that two arginine residues at positions 43 and 79 of notexin were modified simultaneously. Modification of the arginine residues was accompanied with a decrease in the ability to inhibit the indirectly evoked contraction of chick biventer cervicis muscle and bind with synaptic membranes. The secondary structure of the toxin molecule did not significantly change after modification with phenylglyoxal as revealed by the CD spectra. The modified derivative retained its affinity for Ca2+, indicating that the modified arginine residues did not participate in Ca2+ -binding. Together with the notion that Arg-43 and Arg-79 of notexin are located in the proximity of its catalytic site and toxic site, respectively, our results suggest that modification of Arg-43 and Arg-79 should differently contribute to the observed decrease in the PLA2 activity and neurotoxic effect of notexin.     

Current Status of Fallopian Tube Transplantation

Experience in both animals and humans has shown that it is technically feasible to transplant the vascularized oviduct alone, without the ethically complicating ovary, using a procedure compatible with a concurrent standard hysterectomy in the donor. But although the operation is well within the capability of many gynecologic surgeons, immunologic barriers still stand in the way of its widespread clinical utilization.