Endocrine-paracrine cells in pancreatic exocrine carcinomas

Eleven cases of primary pancreatic adenocarcinomas have been investigated histochemically, immunohistochemically and with electron-microscopy. Endocrine-paracrine (EP) cells were present in six of these tumours. In one case numerous 5HT-enterochromaffin cells (EC) of the intestinal type and a few somatostatin immunoreactive D cells were found. Two cases contained insulin-immunoreactive cells and another case displayed glucagon-IR elements. In the remaining two cases argyrophilic cells were present. These findings demonstrate that polypeptide hormone or amine production is not restricted to islet cell tumours. It is suggested that both endocrine and exocrine components of the tumours studied might have derived from a common precursor.     

对乙酰氨基酚泡腾颗粒剂的含量测定

目的 :建立对乙酰氨基酚泡腾颗粒剂的含量测定方法。方法 :采用紫外分光光度法。结果 :方法的平均回收率为 10 0 5 % ,相对标准差 (RSD)为 0 2 7%。结论 :该法简便、准确、重现性好。     

基于提取温度控制的土茯苓配方颗粒溶化性改善策略研究

目的 通过降低提取温度改善土茯苓Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma提取物及其配方颗粒的溶化性。方法 分别采用回流提取、煮开后80℃水浴浸提、直接80℃水浴浸提、煮开后70℃水浴浸提、直接70℃水浴浸提5种方法制备土茯苓提取物并对各提取物的溶化性进行分析,同时考察5种提取方法对土茯苓提取物的特征图谱、多糖与淀粉含量、出膏率、落新妇苷含量及转移率的影响。结果 上述5种方法制备的提取物中不溶物含量分别为34.93%、26.67%、24.48%、29.65%、4.03%,与回流提取相比其余4种提取方法均能改善土茯苓提取物的溶化性,其中直接70℃水浴浸提对溶化性改善最明显。不同提取方法制备的土茯苓提取物的特征图谱无明显差异,表明其质量稳定。相比于回流提取,直接70℃水浴浸提的土茯苓提取物的淀粉含量降低了11.74%;落新妇苷含量(38.6 mg/g)及其转移率最高(60.95%)。结论 采用70℃水浴浸提法可显著改善土茯苓配方颗粒的溶化性。     

青蒿药材、饮片、标准汤剂与配方颗粒的特征图谱相关性研究及量值传递分析

目的 建立青蒿药材、饮片、标准汤剂与配方颗粒的高效液相色谱法（HPLC）特征图谱,同时测定酚酸类、香豆素类成分的含量,考察四者之间化学成分的传递与差异。方法 采用CORTECS T3色谱柱（150 mm×4.6 mm,2.7 μm）,以甲醇（A）-0.1%磷酸水溶液（B）为流动相梯度洗脱,检测波长为340 nm,流速为0.70 mL·min^–1,柱温为20 ℃。以含量、特征图谱共有峰传递数及相似度为主要评价指标,分析其量值传递规律。结果 15批青蒿药材、饮片、标准汤剂及3批配方颗粒特征图谱均呈现25个共有特征峰,与各自对照特征图谱相似度均大于0.90,指认出新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸、咖啡酸、1,3-O-二咖啡酰奎宁酸、东莨菪内酯、3,5-O-二咖啡酰奎宁酸、4,5-O-二咖啡酰奎宁酸8个成分并测定其含量,未出现离散数据。结论 青蒿药材、饮片、标准汤剂与配方颗粒的主要化学成分基本相同,HPLC特征图谱相关性良好,8个成分在测定范围内线性关系良好。所建立的质量评价模式能够反映青蒿4种形态多成分的整体面貌,可为青蒿配方颗粒质量控制提供数据支撑。     

Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small cell tumor in an adolescent suggesting a neurogenic origin

A case of a desmoplastic small cell tumor of the large omentum associated with gross ascites that occurred in a male adolescent is reported. Light microscopic studies revealed that the tumor cells were small and epithelioid in nature with eosinophilic hyaline material located in the perinuclear area. They were surrounded by rich desmoplastic and myxoidal stromal bands. Immunohistochemical staining revealed globoid perinuclear positivity for desmin. Vimentin, cytokeratin (AE3, CaM 5.2), epithelial membrane antigen, tissue polypeptide antigen, neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin A, endocrine granule constituent and synaptophysin were also positive in the cytoplasm. Electron microscopy revealed whorled intermediate filaments and some dense core granules in the cytoplasm. Bundles of microtubules in the cytoplasmic process and occasional cell junctions of zonulae adherentes in the tumor cells were also observed. DNA analysis of the tumor cells showed the three-fold amplification of the N-myc gene. Although desmoplastic small cell tumors showed a heterogeneous pattern with immunohistochemical studies, it is suggested that the tumor may originate from neurogenic cells.     

黄芪四物汤颗粒剂中黄芪甲苷的含量测定

目的:为黄芪四物汤颗粒剂中黄芪的含量测定建立质控标准.方法:用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)进行检测.条件:hypersilODS C18 (4.0 mm×250 mm,5 μm) 色谱柱,乙腈∶水(31∶69)为流动相,检测波长为203 nm.结果:线性范围0.01～0.20 mg•mL 1,回归方程Y＝0.299 2X＋0.575 7,r＝0.999 8,平均回收率97.9%,RSD为1.0%(n＝5).结论:高效液相色谱法可以快速准确地测定黄芪四物汤颗粒剂中黄芪甲苷的含量.     

挤出造粒、气流包衣法制备包衣微粒剂Ⅲ.头孢克洛缓释胶囊的研制

介绍了挤出，滚圆，气流包衣法制备头孢克洛缓释微粒胶囊，缓释胶囊的体外释放试验以及健康志愿者体内的药动学证明，其维持有效血药浓度的时间为普通胶囊的1.88倍，日服该胶囊二次相当于普通制剂的三次。     

挤出滚圆法造粒过程中载物量影响探讨

分析了挤出滚圆法造粒过程中载物量对颗粒质量的影响，结果显示在其它参数保持不变情况下，随滚圆机载物量增加，颗粒粒径逐渐增大，最后出现结块。通过降低物料湿度可减少由于载物量增加造成的不良影响，提高造粒产量。     

不同淀粉在流化床制粒中的应用

流化床制备咖啡因颗粒，测试颗粒的流动性和可压性，比较粘合剂Starch1500与普通淀粉的不同。     

HPLC法测定抗感颗粒中绿原酸的含量

目的：提高抗感颗粒的质量标准。方法：采用高效液相色谱法测定抗感颗粒中绿原酸的含量。结果：含量测定方法简便、准确、重现性好。结论：所拟定的方法可用于抗感颗粒的质量控制。