针刺对实验性变态反应性神经炎TNF-α和IL-4的影响

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-4(IL-4)与实验性变态反应性神经炎(EAN)发病的关系，从细胞因子水平研究针刺疗法对本病的免疫调节作用。方法 40只大鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、针刺组、药物组，建立大鼠EAN动物模型，观察大鼠发病率及致病程度，针刺组取腰。夹脊、足三里、悬钟穴，药物组用泼尼松灌胃给药。采用双抗体夹心ELISA法，检测大鼠血清的TNF-αa和IL-4的含量变化。结果 模型组TNF-α含量较正常组明显升高。针刺组和药物组均能降低TNF-α的含量，使其水平接近正常，尤以药物组抑制作用明显。IL-4的含量各组间均无明显差异。结论 提示本病存在Th1／Th2细胞因子间的失衡，其中以Th1型细胞占优势。针刺主要是通过抑制TNF-α等Th1细胞，来重建细胞因子间的平衡。     

A chimeric opioid peptide with mixed μ agonist/δ antagonist properties

Abstract: There is evidence to indicate that opioid compounds with mixed μ agonist/δ antagonist properties are analgesics with low propensity to produce tolerance and physical dependence. A chimeric peptide containing the potent and selective μ agonist H‐Dmt‐D‐Arg‐Phe‐Lys‐NH₂ ([Dmt¹]DALDA) (Dmt = 2′,6′‐dimethyltyrosine) and the potent and selective δ antagonist H‐Tyr‐TicΨ[CH₂‐NH]Cha‐Phe‐OH (TICP[Ψ]) (Cha = cyclohexylalanine), connected ‘tail‐to‐tail’ via a short linker, was synthesized using a combination of solid‐phase and solution techniques. The resulting peptide, H‐Dmt→D‐Arg→Phe→Lys‐NH‐CH₂‐CH₂‐NH‐Phe←Cha[NH‐CH₂]ΨTic←Tyr‐H, showed the expected μ agonist/δ antagonist profile in the guinea‐pig ileum and mouse vas deferens assays. Its μ and δ receptor binding affinities were in the low nanomolar range, as determined in rat brain membrane binding assays.     

Study and development of encapsulated forms of 4, 5′, 8‐Trimethylpsoralen for topical drug delivery

Trimethylpsoralen (TMP) is often used to treat skin diseases (i.e., psoriasis, vitiligo, etc.). This drug permeates moderately the skin barrier. In the present study, we investigated the effect of formulation on the improvement of TMP skin bioavailability. Three formulations were performed. Each form (liposomes, nanospheres, and EtOH solution) contained 0.05% of TMP. For each preparation, the quantity deposited on the skin surface was 250 µg (Q₀). The TMP percutaneous penetration through ex‐vivo human skin was processed by Franz^® cells (n=4) using a human albumin solution (1.4% w/v) as receiver medium. The percentages of the extracted TMP that permeated through the skin and that were retained in the skin over 24 h, were calculated with respect to Q₀. The values obtained were reported, respectively, as follows: EtOH solution (1.33 vs. 0.08%), liposomes (0.93 vs. 0.93%), and PLG‐nanospheres (0.79 vs. 3.01%). So, considering the correlation between the cumulated amounts of TMP permeated through the skin and the TMP stocked in the skin, the nanosphere form showed the higher quantity of TMP accumulated in the skin structures. On the other hand, the maximum value of the flux (ng/cm²/h) in the steady state of TMP incorporated in each formulation was at 6 h for all formulations: 173.5±1.06 (EtOH solution) > 120.4±1.06 (liposomes) > 93.82±0.88 (PLG‐nanospheres). These results indicate that the controlled release of TMP by incorporation in PLG‐nanospheres may increase drug content in the skin, while maintaining a minimal percutaneous absorption. Finally, this work shows that the PLG‐nanospheres could constitute a promising approach for controlling TMP release in order to maintain its topical activity. Drug Dev. Res. 61:86–94, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

中药金三莪对实验性肝纤维化大鼠小肠通透性的影响

目的　观察中药金三莪对实验性肝纤维化大鼠小肠通透性的影响及其作用机制。方法　将大鼠分为A ,B ,C 3组 ,B组和C组采用四氯化碳造模 ,C组于造模第 4周开始灌胃中药金三莪 ,A组和B组灌胃生理盐水 ,共 4周。观察各组大鼠肝功能 ,血清内毒素、D -乳酸、二胺氧化酶 (DAO)及光镜下肝和小肠组织的病理改变。结果　C组大鼠血清ALT及AST值降低 ,肝小叶结构趋于正常 ,纤维间隔变薄 ,血清内毒素、D -乳酸、DAO水平减低 ,与B组比较有显著性差异。结论　中药金三莪能有效保护肠黏膜 ,阻止肠通透性增加 ,可减轻四氯化碳诱导肝纤维化大鼠的肝损伤及纤维化程度。     

消风散颗粒免疫调节作用机理研究

目的 :研究消风散颗粒免疫调节作用和机制。方法 :分别观察了消风散颗粒对小鼠迟发型变态反应 (DTH)耳肿胀度、胸腺指数、脾指数 ;丝裂原诱导的脾T、B淋巴细胞增殖和炎症组织细胞因子的影响。结果 :消风散颗粒可降低DTH小鼠异常增高的耳肿胀度、脾指数和胸腺指数 ;抑制丝裂原诱导的脾T、B淋巴细胞增殖 ;抑制炎症组织细胞因子白介素 1 (IL 1 )、白介素 2 (IL 2 )和白介素 4 (IL 4 )的活性。结论 :消风散颗粒的免疫抑制作用与其调节T、B淋巴细胞功能和抑制炎性细胞因子的活性有关。     

鼻咽癌面颈联合野放疗对唾液腺功能影响的临床分析

目的 :利用放射性核素99mTcO4-动态显像唾液腺定量测定鼻咽癌面颈联合野放疗前、中、后唾液腺功能的变化并探讨与放疗剂量之间的关系。方法 :2 0 0 3年 2月 1日～ 2 0 0 3年 10月 3 1日 ,分别对 2 0例鼻咽癌面颈联合野放疗患者于放疗前、放疗至 10、3 6～ 40、70Gy时进行99mTcO4-动态显像定量测定其唾液腺(腮腺、颌下腺 )摄锝率 (UR)、泌锝率 (ER)变化 ,同时观察其口干程度进行临床分级。结果 :2 0例鼻咽癌面颈联合野放疗剂量为 10和3 6～ 40Gy时 ,其泌锝率明显低于放疗前 ,P <0 0 5 ,在放疗 70Gy时降到最低 ,P <0 0 1。与临床观察到的口干严重程度一致 ,而其摄锝率在 3 6～ 40Gy照射以前变化不明显 ,无统计学意义。结论 :鼻咽癌面颈联合野照射患者放疗前无明显唾液腺功能障碍 ,随着放疗剂量的增加 ,唾液腺功能明显下降 ,其ER较UR下降明显 ,在确保患者放疗疗效的同时 ,应尽可能提高放疗技术 ,减少唾液腺照射剂量和放疗体积 ,保护唾液腺功能 ,以提高患者的生活质量。     

肺癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群检测的临床研究

通过流式细胞仪对确诊原发性支气管肺癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群检测研究 ,并与健康人作对比。结果显示 ,肺癌患者CD3 ( 68 88± 11 80 )和CD4 ( 3 8 83± 10 3 0 )以及CD4 /CD8 ( 1 5 3± 0 74)比例均比正常人 ( 74 2 1±5 5 1,43 92± 7 0 2 ,1 89± 0 5 4)下降 ,CD8 ( 2 9 2 6± 10 5 8)高于正常人 ( 2 4 5 7± 6 3 5 ) ,两组之间差异有统计学意义 ,P均 <0 0 5。肿瘤临床分期之间检测结果差异无统计学意义 ,而病理类型中未分化癌与鳞癌之间CD4 和CD4 /CD8 下降具有统计学意义。初步研究结果提示 ,原发性支气管肺癌患者存在细胞免疫功能低下 ,并与细胞分化类型有关。     

结肠腺癌细胞株eIF-4E对NF-κB表达的影响及诱导凋亡机理的探讨

目的研究真核细胞起始因子(Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4E,eIF-4E)对NF-κB表达及活性水平的影响,并对其阻滞后诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的途径进行探讨.方法应用脂质体包裹与eIF-4E mRNA翻译起始点互补的反义寡核苷酸(asODN),处理人大肠腺癌细胞LS-174T.使用Western blot和RT-PCR方法分别检测eIF-4E被阻抑后其转录和翻译水平的改变.EMSA用来比较eIF-4E阻滞前后NF-κB活性的改变.采用流式细胞仪检测LS-174T细胞凋亡.结果eIF-4E被阻抑表达后,NF-κB蛋白表达和活性水平也有显著下降.伴随eIF-4E表达和NF-κB活性水平下降,LS-174T细胞的凋亡率显著升高.结论本试验证明NF-κB受eIF-4E的翻译调控,eIF-4E的抗凋亡作用部分可能是通过调节NF-κB活性来实现的.此结论对于结肠癌试验性和肿瘤临床的基因治疗具有一定意义.     

VEGF-C和flt-4在肺腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的研究转移相关基因VEGF-C、flt-4在肺腺癌中的表达及其临床意义.方法应用免疫组化方法检测10例正常黏膜组织、10例癌旁组织、56例肺腺癌中的VEGF-C、flt-4的表达情况.结果Flt-4主要在淋巴管内皮细胞中表达.VEGF-C在正常黏膜组织、癌旁组织呈弱阳性反应,在肺腺癌组织中VEGF-C表达强阳性;在高分化组与低分化组之间差异有显著性;且晚期病例VEGF-C表达高于早期病例(P＜0.05);淋巴结转移组VEGF-C阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移组.VEGF-C高表达组术后3年生存率(23.3%)显著低于低表达组(54.5%,P＜0.05).结论VEGF-C与肺腺癌发生、发展及淋巴结转移、预后密切相关.