Congenital Absence of Flexor Pollicis Longus Tendon Without Associated Anomalies of Thumb Hypoplasia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

In this paper, we report a case of a 14-year-old girl with congenital aplasia of the flexor pollicis longus tendon who had no other associated anomalies of thumb hypoplasia and no trauma history. Flexor pollicis longus tendon anomalies are rare; several types of this congenital anomaly have been reported in the literature. The diagnosis should be considered if a patient is unable to flex the interphalangeal joint of the thumb. A hypoplastic thumb or an absent interphalangeal joint crease may be a diagnostic feature in such cases. Besides physical examination, we also used direct radiography and magnetic resonance imaging to diagnose this rare congenital anomaly in our patient.     

拇指尺背侧皮瓣的解剖和临床应用

目的;介绍一种修复指端创面的新皮瓣。方法：解剖并观察20只成人新鲜尸体手拇指掌指关节尺背侧区的动脉来源,行径和分布范围,并临床应用修复拇指指端创面10例,示指指端创面2例。结果：拇指尺侧背动脉自第一背侧骨间肌处穿出,外径为0.3-0.9mm,出现率为90％,分布于第一掌指关节尺侧和拇指尺背侧,在皮下组织内沿拇长伸肌腱向远侧走行,在指掌弓和指背动脉弓形成吻合。临床应用12例皮瓣无水泡,紫绀及坏死,均一期愈合,随访3－10个月,外形满意。结论：该皮瓣血管解剖恒定,部位隐蔽,手术操作简单,损伤小,不失为指端特别是拇指创面修复的较好方法之一。     

食指背侧翻转皮瓣和拇指掌侧前移皮瓣修复拇指末节脱套伤

目的 探讨一种治疗拇指开节脱套伤的有效术式。方法 对16例拇指末节脱套伤,选用拇指掌侧前移皮瓣,食指翻转皮瓣进行修复。结果 术后皮瓣全部成活,随访3－12个月,伤指修复后外形及屈伸功能均满意,感觉正常。结论 用拇指前移皮瓣和食拇翻转皮瓣修复拇指末节脱套伤,操作简易,皮瓣成活率高,修复后患指功能及外形均满意。     

光白英果实的生药学研究

目的 为进一步研究开发利用该植物资源提供依据.方法 应用性状鉴别、显微鉴别、化学成分预试、薄层色谱鉴别、紫外光谱扫描进行研究.结果 详细描述了该生药的性状及显微特征;薄层板上斑点明显;化学成分预试初步检出其含有皂苷类、生物碱类等化学成分.结论 为该药鉴别以及进一步开发利用提供了科学依据.     

黄果茄中1个新的黄酮类化合物

目的研究黄果茄Solanum virginianum的化学成分。方法通过硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及高效制备薄层对黄果茄中的化学成分进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据对其化学结构进行阐明。结果从黄果茄中发现并鉴定12个化合物,分别为5-羟基-8-甲氧基-6,7-亚甲二氧基黄酮(1)、7-羟基-6-甲氧基香豆素(2)、秦皮素(3)、5-羟基-6,7,3′,4′-四甲氧基黄酮(4)、5-羟基-4′,6,7-三甲氧基黄酮(5)、二氢阿魏酰酪胺(6)、反式-N-对羟基香豆酰酪胺(7)、5,3′-二羟基-6,7,4′-三甲氧基黄酮(8)、N-[2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-2-羟乙基]-3-(4-甲氧基苯基)丙-2-烯酰胺(9)、N-反式香豆酰基章鱼胺(10)、5,7,4′-三羟基-6-甲氧基黄酮(11)、5,7,4′-三羟基-8-甲氧基黄酮(12)。结论化合物1为新化合物,命名为黄果茄酮;化合物2～12为首次从黄果茄中分离得到。     

Suspension arthroplasty using the palmaris longus tendon with a suture button for thumb trapeziometacarpal arthritis: a retrospective observational study

BackgroundThis study was performed to assess the clinical and radiographic results at a minimum of 2 years after ligament reconstruction suspension arthroplasty (LRSA) that comprised full trapeziectomy and suspensionplasty using the palmaris longus tendon and the Mini TightRope (Arthrex, Naples, FL) for advanced thumb carpometacarpal arthritis.MethodsWe clinically and radiographically evaluated 26 thumbs in 26 patients who had undergone LRSA at least 2 years previously. The mean follow-up period was 35.9 months. We evaluated the subjective clinical outcomes (visual analogue scale and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores) and objective clinical outcomes (range of motion, pinch strength, grip strength, and trapezial space height ratio).ResultsAt the final follow-up evaluation, the mean visual analogue scale score was 11.1 (standard deviation (SD) 13.4) and the mean Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire score was 9.39 (SD 10.1). The mean palmar and radial abduction were 62.3° (SD 11.8°) and 63.8° (SD 9.09°), respectively. The mean key pinch and grip strength were 3.92 (SD 1.07) kg and 19.7 (SD 7.77) kg, respectively. The mean trapezial space ratio was 0.21 (SD 0.10). The subjective clinical outcomes, range of motion, and pinch strength were significantly improved compared with preoperatively.ConclusionsLRSA for advanced-stage thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis relieves pain, improves range of motion and strength, and obtains favourable subjective patient-reported clinical outcomes.     

双套圈法与带线锚钉法治疗急性拇指Stener损伤的疗效比较

目的 比较双套圈法和带线锚钉法治疗急性拇指Stener损伤临床疗效。方法 回顾性队列研究。纳入2019年1月–2021年7月唐山市第二医院急性拇指Stener损伤患者16例,其中男12例、女4例,年龄19~61（41.0±13.9）岁。16例患者按尺侧副韧带修复方法不同分为2组：采用双套圈法修复的9例纳入双套圈组,采用带线锚钉法修复的7例纳入带线锚钉组。观察指标：（1）比较2组患者年龄、性别、受伤至手术时间等基线资料;（2）比较2组患者手术时间和住院费用;（3）术后8个月按Saetta等评定标准评价患指功能,采用密歇根州手功能调查表（MHQ）评估患者对患指外观的满意度,应用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评估患指的疼痛程度。比较2组患者上述指标。结果 （1）2组患者性别、年龄、受伤至手术时间等基线资料比较,差异均无统计学意义（P值均>0.05）。（2）双套圈组手术时间为（59.3±5.2） min,带线锚钉组手术时间为（60.9±6.2） min,2组间比较差异无统计学意义（t=0.53,P=0.602）。双套圈组住院费用（1.16±0.13）万元,少于带线锚钉组的（1.69±0.08）万元,差异有统计学意义（t=9.44,P<0.001）。（3）16例患者均获随访,随访时间8~24（13.2±5.4）个月。术后8个月,患指功能评定,双套圈组优6例、良2例、可1例,带线锚钉组优5例、良1例、可1例;MHQ评估患指外观的满意度,双套圈组7例非常满意、1例满意、1例一般,带线锚钉组6例非常满意、1例满意;患指疼痛VAS评分,双套圈组无疼痛7例、轻度疼痛2例,带线锚钉组无疼痛5例、轻度疼痛2例：差异均无统计学意义（P值均>0.05）。结论 对于急性拇指Stener损伤的治疗,双套圈法与带线锚钉法均可获得较可靠的疗效,且双套圈法住院费用少于带线锚钉法。临床上可以综合考虑术者的操作习惯、患者的经济情况,选择合适的治疗方法。     

Green synthesis and characterization of Solanum xanthocarpum capped silver nanoparticles and its antimicrobial effect on multidrug-resistant bacterial (MDR) isolates

Plant extracts and their bioactive compounds are considered as the promising options for green synthesis of nanoparticles instead expensive and hazardous materials. Here, Solanum xanthocarpum fruit was used for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP). The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by using chromatographic and spectroscopic analytical methods. AgNPs were confirmed by UV-visible absorbance at 420–470 nm. TEM analysis showed AgNP with 22.45 nm average size. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the crystalline and face central cubic nature of AgNPs. FTIR analysis revealed functional group present over AgNPs. The aminodiphenyl acetic acid, clomipramine, and fonisopril from fruit extracts were found to be major capping agents on AgNPs as a result of analysis by HRLC-MS. All clinical isolates showed resistance for ampicilline, amoxyclav, niladixic acid, and sulphafurazole, suggesting multidrug resistance. The results showed that all isolates were sensitive to AgNPs synthesized fruit extracts. On the contrary, all isolates were resistant to whole S. xanthocarpum fruit extracts alone. The antimicrobial activity of AgNP was explored against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative clinical isolates including Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Aeronomonas spp. and Pseudomonas spp. MIC values ranged between 1.25 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml at 8 McFarland's standards. Minimum bactericidal concentration was found to be in between 2.5 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml. Nanoparticles synthesized from fruit extract of S. xanthocarpum containing aminodiphenyl acetic acid, clomipramine, and fonisopril metabolites exhibit promising antimicrobial activity against MDR Gram-negative clinical isolates.