氟尿嘧啶聚乳酸微球在PVR家兔体内的研究

考察了在增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）家兔玻璃体中植入氟尿嘧啶聚乳酸微球后的体内药物动力学和药效学。采用HPLC法测定房水中药物浓度。结果表明，制品的体内消除半衰期从0．6h延长至379h。体外累积释放率与体内相应时间的吸收分数早明显的正相关。药效学结果根据Ryan分级法进行评价，t检验结果表明微球组与生理盐水对照组、注射液组视网膜脱离发生率有显著性差异（P〈0．01），后两组间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。     

氟尿嘧啶联合低分子肝素防治增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变的临床观察

目的评价氟尿嘧啶联合低分子肝素在预防玻璃体切割术后增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变发生过程中的安全性和有效性。方法本研究随机选择本科2003．4～2003．11间需行玻璃体手术治疗的视网膜脱离患者50例50眼，病例选用标准为具有玻璃体术后视网膜脱离复发的高危因素的患者，分成治疗组与对照组，治疗组灌注液中加入低分子肝素和氟尿嘧啶，药物灌注时间控制在35～45分钟之间，随访3个月，对两组结果进行对比分析结果随访3个门后，治疗组与对照组术后增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变的发生率分别为8％(2／25)和36%(9/25)，有显著性差异(P=0．041),治疗组术后因PVR造成的视网膜脱离复发率为4％(1／25)，对照组为16%(4／25)，治疗组1例和对照组4例患者成功的进行了视网膜的再次复位手术。没有发现有明显的与药物有关的眼部并发症。结论虽然术后3个月时两组视网膜脱离的复发率差异没有统计学意义，但治疗组术后增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变的发生率较对照组有意义的减少。本试验显示了手术联合氟尿嘧啶与低分子肝素可以预防术后PVR的发生。     

化瘀散结片对兔眼外伤性增生性玻璃体视网膜病变血液流变学的影响

目的：探讨化瘀散结片对外伤性增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（proliferative vitreoretinopathy，PVR）血液流变学的影响。方法：采用兔眼后节穿通伤加注血法制备PVR模型，第30d抽血观察正常对照组、阴性对照组、阳性（道诺霉素）对照组、化瘀散结片治疗组PVR兔子的血液流变学。结果：化瘀散结片治疗组对血液流变学部分指标有降低作用：纤维蛋白原、红细胞刚性、全血低切粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞聚集指数，与各对照组相比有显著或极显著性差异（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论：化瘀散结片能够改善血液流变学状态，促进玻璃体积血吸收，对防治PVR的发生发展有一定作用。     

增生性瘢痕的综合治疗

目的寻找治疗烧伤后增生性瘢痕的最佳治疗方法。方法对102例烧伤后不同程度瘢痕增生的患者采用四种不同方法治疗，即：单纯弹力绷带（套）加压、单纯康尼克通-A瘢痕内注射、弹力绷带（套）加压与康尼克通—A瘢痕内注射联合使用、弹力绷带（套）加压与抑瘢灵瘢痕表面喷涂配合弹力绷带（套）加压，并对4组患者追踪调查。结果后两种方法治疗增生性瘢痕疗效显著，治愈率在77％以上。结论综合性治疗烧伤后增生性瘢痕是一种值得推广的方法，综合治疗使用得越早，疗效越显著。     

复杂性玻璃体视网膜病变的手术治疗

目的探讨玻璃体视网膜手术(vitreoretinal surgery,VR术)治疗复杂性玻璃体视网膜病变的临床效果。方法对采用VR术治疗306例312眼(视网膜脱离282眼)复杂性玻璃体视网膜病变患者进行临床分析。结果术后近期视网膜复位259眼(91．8％);282眼(术前有视网膜脱离257眼)随访3-38月,平均12．7月,最终视网膜复位201眼(78．2％)。术后最终视力提高208眼(73．8％);0．05以上视力181眼(64．2％)。术中主要并发症是医源性裂孔(5．8％);术后主要并发症分别是白内障(34．4％)、视网膜脱离(21．8％)、继发性青光眼(9．9％)和角膜病变(9．2％)。结论VR术是治疗复杂性玻璃体视网膜病变的有效方法。     

氟尿嘧啶聚乳酸微球在PVR家免体内的研究

考察了在增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)家兔玻璃体中植入氟尿嘧啶聚乳酸微球后的体内药物动力学和药效学.采用HPLC法测定房水中药物浓度.结果表明,制品的体内消除半衰期从0.6h延长至379h.体外累积释放率与体内相应时间的吸收分数呈明显的正相关.药效学结果根据Ryan分级法进行评价,f检验结果表明微球组与生理盐水对照组、注射液组视网膜脱离发生率有显著性差异(P＜0.01),后两组间无显著性差异(P＞0.05).     

无光导-双手法玻璃体切割术在增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变中的应用

目的:观察新型光学装置下无光导-双手法玻璃体切割术在增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变中的临床使用效果。方法:对38例增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变患者借助新型光学装置行无光导-双手法玻璃体切割术,术中解放术者双手行视网膜前膜和/或视网膜下膜剥除并有效地止血。观察手术效果、手术并发症,评价此手术方法的实用性。结果:所有病例均顺利完成手术,术中不需刮除角膜上皮。术后随访1月时35眼视力提高两行以上,其中视力大于0.3者5眼,3眼视力无改变。术中有效地剥膜及止血,未见明显并发症,术后1眼视网膜脱离复发。结论:和常规玻璃体切割术相比,新型光学装置下无光导一双手法玻璃体切割术对于增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变是一种更为安全、有效的手术方法。     

Assessment of proliferating-cell nuclear antigen immunostaining in soft-tissue tumours: Relationship to histological grade and mitotic activity

The proliferative activity in 70 cases of soft-tissue tumours was estimated immunohistochemically using the monoclonal antibody PC-10, which recognizes proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in paraffin sections. The PCNA index (i.e. the percentage of positive neoplastic nuclei) and to a lesser degree the PCNA count (i.e. the number of positive neoplastic nuclei per ten high-power fields) positively correlated with the malignancy grade (PCNA index:P<0.001; PCNA count:P<0.01). However, the range of values of PCNA index and PCNA count was similar between benign and grade I tumours. A statistically significant positive correlation was also established between PCNA index and PCNA count on the one hand and mitotic count on the other, but the correlation coefficient was low (r=0.351,P<0.01, andr=0.290,P<0.05 respectively). These results indicate that PCNA immunostaining may successfully be used as an adjunct to the conventional histopathological parameters in assessing the malignancy grade in soft-tissue tumours although it is of limited value in distinguishing between benign and grade I tumours.Abbreviations PCNA proliferating-cell nuclear antigen - HPF high-power field     

端粒酶活性在血管瘤中表达的意义

目的：为探讨端粒酶活性表达与血管瘤病变发展中出现的生长自限性现象间的关系。方法：按年龄将因管瘤病人分成3组，I组为2岁以内的婴幼儿；Ⅱ组为年龄自3－18岁的病人；Ⅲ组为年龄超过18岁的病人。利用TRAP法测定每组病人肿瘤组织中的端粒酶活性，同时进行病理组织学观察。将测定的端粒酶活性表达情况与不同年龄组血管瘤病理学特点进行综合分析。结果：I组的端粒酶活性检出率高，其强阳性表达率也高；Ⅱ组端粒酶活性表达率较高，其强阳性表达率低；Ⅲ组的端粒酶活性的表达率低，无强阳性表达。I组的病理学特点为大量的致密的内皮细胞团，增殖活跃，管腔小而不明显；Ⅱ组增殖活跃的内皮细胞减少，可见较多的管腔；Ⅲ组增殖的内皮细胞少见，有明显管腔形成，可见纤维化及脂肪浸润。结论：端粒酶活性与血管瘤主要成分内皮细胞的增殖状态密切相关，影响内皮细胞的增殖能力，进而影响血管瘤的生长状态。     

Immunomodulatory effects of the fungicide Mancozeb in agricultural workers

Available data suggest that ethylenebisdithiocarbamates (EBDCs) may have immunomodulatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the immunological profile of farmers exposed to Mancozeb, an EBDC fungicide, through the determination of several serum, cellular, and functional immune parameters. Twenty-six healthy subjects entered the study, 13 vineyards exposed to Mancozeb and 13 unexposed controls. Exposure was assessed through the determination of ethylentiourea (ETU) in urine. Complete and differential blood count, serum immunoglobulins, complement fractions, autoantibodies, lymphocyte subpopulations, proliferative response to mitogens, natural killer (NK) activity, and cytokine production were measured. Post-exposure samples showed ETU urine concentration significantly higher than pre-exposure and control groups. A significant increase in CD19+ cells, both percentage and absolute number, and a significant decrease in the percentage of CD25+ cells were found in post-exposure samples compared to controls. A statistically significant increase in the proliferative response to phorbol myristate acetate plus ionomycin (PMA + ionomycin) was observed in the post-exposure group compared to controls and baseline, while a significant reduction in LPS-induced TNF-alpha release in post-exposure samples was observed. Overall, our results suggest that low-level exposure to Mancozeb has slight immunomodulatory effects, and point out a method adequate to reveal immune-modifications in workers occupationally exposed to potential immunotoxic compounds, based on a whole blood assay.