血清血管紧张素转换酶的水平在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者中的变化研究

目的检测阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者中血清血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)水平的变化及其临床意义。方法设置OSAHS组(n=40)和健康对照组(n=40),测定并比较患者的血压、血脂和血清ACE水平在两组间的差异;分析ACE水平与患者病情变化、血压、血脂的相关性。结果 OSAHS患者在体重、BMI指数、颈围、腰围、AHI、收缩压、舒张压、TC、LDL-C和血清ACE方面高于健康人(P体重=0.002,P颈围=0.024,P腰围=0.038,PBMI=0.019,PAHI=0.001,P收缩压=0.001,P舒张压=0.001,PTC=0.017,PLDL-C=0.010,PACE=0.039),在LSa O2上低于健康人(PLSa O2=0.001)。OSAHS患者的收缩压、TC、ACE在轻中度和中重度之间均存在统计学差异(P收缩压=0.018、0.043,PTC=0.045、0.034,PACE=0.030、0.001),相关性分析显示,OSAHS患者中血清ACE与收缩压和TC均呈正相关(r=0.35,P=0.017;r=0.28,P=0.044)。结论 OSAHS患者血清ACE能反映患者病情的变化,并与血压和血脂具有一定相关性。     

鼻塞式同步间歇正压通气(NIPPV)联合布地奈德雾化治疗新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征疾病的临床应用研究

目的:分析鼻塞式同步间歇正压通气(NIPPV)联合布地奈德雾化治疗ARDS(新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征)疾病的临床应用效果。方法:纳入病例是2017年5月—2019年11月收治的104例ARDS新生儿,随机平均分为两组。参照组52例采纳CPAP(持续气道正压通气通气)治疗,实验组52例采纳NIPPV+布地奈德雾化治疗,对比两组呼吸机通气时间、用氧时间、住院时间、血气指标以及并发症发生情况。结果:实验组呼吸机通气时间、用氧时间、住院时间均明显短于参照组,差异有统计学意义P<0.05;实验组治疗3 d后PaCO2明显低于参照组,实验组治疗3 d后PH以及PaO2明显高于参照组,差异有统计学意义P<0.05;实验组并发症发生率(3.85%,2/52)明显低于参照组(21.15%,11/52),差异有统计学意义P<0.05。结论:NIPPV+布地奈德雾化可有效缩短ARDS患者机械通气时间,改善血气指标,降低并发症发生率,值得借鉴。     

工作坊模式在护生压疮护理带教中的应用效果分析

目的探讨工作坊模式在护生压疮护理带教中的应用效果,为临床护理带教提供参考。方法选取2018年7月—2019年6月在医院实习的120名护生作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,各60名护生。对照组采用传统带教法进行压疮培训,观察组采用工作坊教学模式进行培训。培训结束后比较两组护生压疮知识的掌握程度即理论考核、技能操作成绩,教学效果满意度。结果观察组护生对压疮知识的掌握程度即理论考核成绩、技能操作考核成绩远远高于对照组,两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。95%的观察组护生对工作坊教学模式的效果表示满意,认为工作坊教学模式能够提高学习的兴趣、主动性和临床实践能力,对临床工作有很大帮助。结论工作坊教学模式应用于压疮护理的临床带教,能让护生亲身体验压疮护理的过程,并参与其中,将理论与实践相结合,更好地活跃课堂气氛,启发护生思考,提高护生对压疮理论和技能的掌握,为临床实际工作中压疮护理质量的提高奠定基础。     

Recipient hypertonic saline infusion prevents cardiac allograft dysfunction

Objective

Hypertonic saline (HTS) has potent immune and vascular effects. We assessed recipient pretreatment with HTS on allograft function in a porcine model of heart transplantation and hypothesized that HTS infusion would limit endothelial and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction following transplantation.

高通量血液透析和低通量血液透析不同模式对老年维持性血液透析患者血压的影响

目的 观察高通量血液透析(HFHD)与低通量血液透析(LFHD)的不同模式运用到老年患者维持性血液透析(MHD)中对其血压的影响。方法 选择2015年2月—2017年10月本院治疗的MHD老年患者74例,先为其施LFHD 3个月,再为其辅以3个月的HFHD,3次/周,4 h/次,对比不同透析模式对患者血压的影响。结果 实施HFHD后患者的平均动脉压(MAP)有所降低,在第3 h与第4 h透析后,血压把控优于LFHD(P<0.05)。结论 对于MHD老年患者来说,实施HFHD是优良的透析方法。     

Haemodynamic profiles of etomidate vs propofol for induction of anaesthesia: a randomised controlled trial in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Background

Etomidate is frequently selected over propofol for induction of anaesthesia because of a putatively favourable haemodynamic profile, but data confirming this perception are limited.

Patients with Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia (GAVE) Are at a Higher Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Absence of Cirrhosis

Background and Aims: Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is commonly found in patients with cirrhosis, but it is also associated with other diseases in the absence of cirrhosis. Whether GAVE confers a different severity of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding between patients with and without cirrhosis remains unknown. We aim to examine whether there is a difference in clinically significant GI bleeding due to GAVE in patients with or without cirrhosis. Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study of patients who were diagnosed with GAVE between January 2000 and June 2014. Patients were categorized into cirrhosis and noncirrhosis groups, and those with an additional GI bleeding source were excluded. Univariate comparisons and multivariable models were constructed using logistic regression. Results: In total, 110 patients diagnosed with GAVE on esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) were included in our analysis; 84 patients had cirrhosis (76.4%) and 26 (23.6%) did not. Active GI bleeding was more prevalent in patients without cirrhosis (63.4% vs. 32.1%, p=0.003) despite similar indications for EGD, and endoscopic treatment with argon plasma coagulation (APC) was required more often in this group, approaching statistical significance (27% vs. 10.7%, p=0.056). There was no difference in bleeding severity, as evidenced by similar re-bleeding rates, surgery, or death attributed to uncontrolled bleeding. The strongest independent risk factor for GI bleeding was the absence of cirrhosis (odds ratio (OR): 5.151 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-24.48, p=0.039). Conclusions: Patients with GAVE in the absence of cirrhosis are at higher risk for active GI bleeding and require more frequent endoscopic treatment than similar patients with cirrhosis. It may be worthwhile to treat GAVE in this population even in the absence of active bleeding.