Preventive effect of Rumex crispus L. on surgically induced intra-abdominal adhesion model in rats

BackgroundRumex crispus L. (Polygonaceae), known as “Labada” in Turkey, was reported to be used for the treatment of gynecological diseases such as postpartum complications and infertility in folk medicine. Earlier studies on R. crispus have shown that leaf, fruit and root extracts have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and are used for the treatment of tumors in the uterus. The hypothesis of this study is that R. crispus may generate potential anti-adhesive activity against complex factors such as inflammation, oxidation and fibrosis.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the potential anti-adhesive activity of aqueous methanol extracts of leaves, fruits and roots of R. crispus.MethodsAbdominal adhesion model was performed in 72 female Wistar Albino rats. In the first step of the experiment, the rats were divided into six groups namely, Sham, Control, Reference and Experimental Groups (consisting of three sub-groups in which R. crispus leaf, fruit and root extracts were applied at 100 mg/kg dose). The test samples were administered once to the peritoneal cavity and the rats were sacrificied at the end of the 14th day. Root extract showed prominent activity, therefore this extract was subjected to fractionation to obtain 3 fractions (30–60–100% methanol fractions) by using vacuum-liquid chromatography. In the second stage, animals were divided into 6 groups as Sham, Control, Reference and Experimental Groups (R30, R60, R100 at 100 mg/kg dose). Adhesion scoring, tissue total antioxidant and oxidant levels, histopathological and immunohistochemical (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8) analyzes were performed.Results and conclusionAdhesion scores, inflammatory cytokines and inflammation cells decreased by the application of R. crispus root extract. The fractions also showed similar anti-inflammatory effects, but R60 was found to be more effective in prevention of intra-abdominal adhesions and uterine fibrosis. R60 fraction, possessing potential bioactivity, was investigated in terms of phenolic composition by HPLC.Graphical abstract      

矮大黄化学成分研究

目的 对矮大黄根及根茎的化学成分进行研究。方法 采用常压、减压硅胶柱层析、ODS反相硅胶柱层析、SephadexLH－20凝胶柱层析进行分离，通过理化和波谱分析方法鉴定化合物结构。结果 从其石油醚、氯仿部分及正丁部分分离得到14个化合物，鉴定了其中9个化合物，分别为：大黄酚(chrysophanol,I）、大黄素甲醚（physcion，Ⅱ）、大黄素（emodin，Ⅲ）、正二十六烷酸（n-hexacosnic,Ⅳ)、谷甾醇（sitosterol，Ⅴ）、谷甾醇葡萄糖苷（sitosterol-3-O-glucoside，Ⅵ）、葡萄糖（glucose，Ⅶ）、大黄素－龙胆二糖苷（emodin-gentiobioside，Ⅷ）和大黄酚－8－O－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖苷（chrysophanol－O－β－D－glucopyranoside，Ⅸ）。结论 以上化合物均为首次从矮大黄中分离得到，其中大黄素－龙胆二糖苷为首交大黄属物中分离得到。     

藏边大黄的化学成分研究

目的 研究蓼科波叶组藏边大黄的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶、聚酰胺和ODS柱层析法.结果 分离得到11个化合物,经化学方法和波谱学鉴定,确定结构分别为:大黄酚(Ⅰ)、大黄素甲醚(Ⅱ)、大黄素(Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅳ)、trans-3,5,3′,4′-四羟基芪(Ⅴ)、d-儿茶素(Ⅵ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅶ)、trans-3,5,3′,4′-四羟基芪-4′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅷ)、trans-3,5,3′,4′-四羟基芪-4′-O-β-D-(6″-O-没食子酰)-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅸ)、大黄素-8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(X)和大黄酚-8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅺ).结论 其中Ⅸ系首次从该植物中分得.     

愉悦蓼的黄酮类成分研究

目的:研究蓼科蓼属植物愉悦蓼Polygonum jucundum全草的化学成分,为研究蓼属化学分类学提供物质基础.方法:以85%乙醇热回流提取,采用硅胶、凝胶柱色谱等多种色谱技术以及重结晶等方法分离纯化化合物,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定.结果:共分离鉴定了8个化合物,分别为槲皮素-3'-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(1),8-甲氧基槲皮素(2),芹菜素(3),木犀草素(4),槲皮素(5),3,5,7.三羟基色原酮(6),对羟基苯甲醛(7)和β-谷甾醇(8).结论:以上化合物均为首次从该种植物中分得,其中化合物1,2,6～8为首次从蓼属植物中发现.     

In vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of phenolic constituents from aerial parts of Polygonum hyrcanicum

Background and the purpose of the study

The early stage of diabetes mellitus type 2 is associated with postprandial hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia is believed to increase the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative tissue damage. In an effort of identifying herbal drugs which may become useful in the prevention or mitigation of diabetes, biochemical activities of Polygonum hyrcanicum and its constituents were studied.

Methods

Hexane, ethylacetate and methanol extracts of P. hyrcanicum were tested for α-glucosidase inhibitory, antioxidant and radical scavenging properties. Active constituents were isolated and identified from the methanolic extract in an activity guided approach.

Results

A methanolic extract from flowering aerial parts of the plant showed notable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 15 μg/ml). Thirteen phenolic compounds involving a cinnamoylphenethyl amide, two flavans, and ten flavonols and flavonol 3-O-glycosides were subsequently isolated from the extract. All constituents showed inhibitory activities while compounds 3, 8 and 11 (IC₅₀ = 0.3, 1.0, and 0.6 μM, respectively) were the most potent ones. The methanol extract also showed antioxidant activities in DPPH (IC₅₀ = 76 μg/ml) and FRAP assays (1.4 mmol ferrous ion equivalent/g extract). A total phenol content of 130 mg/g of the extract was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent.

Conclusion

This study shows that P. hyrcanicum contains phenolic compounds with in vitro activity that can be useful in the context of preventing or mitigating cellular damages linked to diabetic conditions.     

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Polygonum stagninum

The n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol extracts of the aerial parts of Polygonum stagninum Buch.-Ham. ex Meissn. (Polygonaceae), a Bangladeshi medicinal plant, were assessed for analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties in experimental mice and/or rat models. In the acetic-acid-induced writhing test in mice, all extracts displayed a dose dependent analgesic effect. The most potent analgesic activity was observed with the EtOAc extract at the dose of 400?mg/kg body weight, with an inhibition of writhing response of 50.3% compared to 62.2% for the positive control aminopyrine. Among the extracts, n-hexane extract at the doses of 200 and 400?mg/kg body weight showed the highest levels of anti-inflammatory activity after 2?h, with the inhibition of paw edema of 60.1% and 64.1%, respectively, and this effect was much better than that of the conventional anti-inflammatory agent phenylbutazone (maximum inhibition of 38.3% after 4?h).     

杠板归化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的对杠板归(Polygonum perfoliatumL.)的化学成分进行分离与鉴定。方法对杠板归体积分数为70%的乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分和正丁醇萃取部分进行分离,通过理化性质和波谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为山萘酚(kaempferol,1)、槲皮素(quercetin,2)、蓄苷(avicularin,3)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯(quercetin-3-O-β-D-glu-curonide 6-″methyl ester,4)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸正丁酯(quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide 6″-butyl ester,5)、山萘酚-3-O-芸香糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,6)、芦丁(rutin,7)。结论化合物5为首次从该属植物分离得到;化合物3、67、为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

New phenylpropanoid esters of sucrose from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Polygonum hydropiper</Emphasis> and their antioxidant activity

By various chromatographic methods, two new phenylpropanoid esters of sucrose named hidropiperosides A (1) and B (2), and three known compounds as vanicosides A (3), B (4), and E (5) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Polygonum hydropiper L. (Polygonaceae). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D-and 2D-NMR experiments, as well as ESI-MS analysis. All the isolated compounds were tested for their antioxidant activity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay system. Among them, compounds 2 and 3 showed significant antioxidant activity with their SC₅₀ values of 23.4 and 26.7 μg/mL, respectively.     

基于高通量技术的唐古特大黄叶绿体全基因组测序及应用研究

目的 获得野生唐古特大黄叶绿体全基因组信息特征,并对相关物种亲缘关系进行研究。方法 本实验采用Illumina高通量测序技术构建了唐古特大黄叶绿体全基因组图谱。结果 唐古特大黄基因组大小为161 054 bp,大(LSC)、小(SSC)单拷贝区大小分别为86 441 bp和12 745 bp,反向互补重复区(IR)大小为30 934 bp,共注释叶绿体基因132个,包括88个蛋白编码基因,36个转运RNA基因和8个核糖体RNA基因,其中每个IR区19个。结论 选取唐古特大黄在内的7个蓼科物种、4个其他科物种构建系统发育树,形态极其相似的唐古特大黄与掌叶大黄在分子上亲缘关系也最近,但rpl32等基因存在差异位点,对有效区分近缘物种提供新依据。     

Significance of Rumex Vesicarius as Anticancer Remedy Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Proposal-Based on Experimental Animal Studies

Rumex vesicarius is an edible herb distributed in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. The whole plant has significantvalue in folk medicine and it has been used to alleviate several diseases. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), themajor primary malignant tumor of the liver, is one of the most life-threatening human cancers. The goal of thecurrent study was to explore the potent role of Rumex vesicarius extract against HCC induced in rats. Thirtyadult male albino rats were divided into 3 groups: (I): Healthy animals received orally 0.9 % normal saline andserved as negative control group, (II): HCC group in which rats were orally administered N-nitrosodiethylamineNDEA, (III): HCC group treated orally with R. vesicarius extract in a dose of 400 mg/kg b.wt daily for twomonths. ALT and AST, ALP and γ-GT activities were estimated. CEA, AFP, AFU, GPC-3, Gp-73 and VEGFlevels were quantified. Histopathological examination of liver tissue sections was also carried out. The results ofthe current study showed that the treatment of the HCC group with R. vesicarius extract reversed the significantincrease in liver enzymes activity, CEA, AFP, AFU, glypican 3, golgi 73 and VEGF levels in serum as comparedto HCC-untreated counterparts. In addition, the favorable impact of R. vesicarius treatment was evidenced bythe marked improvement in the histopathological features of the liver of the treated group. In conclusion, thepresent experimental setting provided evidence for the significance of R. vesicarius as anticancer candidate with apromising anticancer potential against HCC. The powerful hepatoprotective properties, the potent antiangiogenicactivity and the effective antiproliferative capacity are responsible for the anticancer effect of this plant.