医院排班管理软件的设计与实现

基于“军字一号”数据库,采用C#编程语言+.NET平台成功开发了医院排班管理软件。本软件的使用,使医院各部门实现了计算机自动排班,有效地避免了手工排班带来的盲目性、繁琐性、不公平性等缺陷,促进了医院排班的最优化。     

膨大素对川麦冬生长发育及其产量和质量的影响

目的研究膨大素对川麦冬生长发育及其产量、质量的影响。方法在收获期随机采样测定川麦冬的生物学性状及产量,用SPSS软件分析川麦冬生物学性状与产量的相关性规律;用UV法测定川麦冬中的总皂苷,考察膨大素的施用量和施用方式对其质量的影响。结果川麦冬的植株生物学性状(除块根直径、株高外)对产量均有显著影响,影响程度为单株块根重>块根数>分蘖数>块根长>百粒重>冠幅。膨大素能促进川麦冬植株地上部分的生长,明显增加块根数、单株块根重,显著提高川麦冬的产量;除低剂量外,膨大素降低了川麦冬总皂苷的含量,且随着剂量的增加,作用越强。结论膨大素能促进川麦冬的生长发育,显著提高川麦冬的产量,且与多效唑分段合用时效果更佳。不同剂量膨大素对川麦冬总皂苷含量的影响差异较大,低剂量有利于川麦冬总皂苷的积累。     

Rapid Detection of Rare Deleterious Variants by Next Generation Sequencing with Optional Microarray SNP Genotype Data

Autozygosity mapping is a powerful technique for the identification of rare, autosomal recessive, disease‐causing genes. The ease with which this category of disease gene can be identified has greatly increased through the availability of genome‐wide SNP genotyping microarrays and subsequently of exome sequencing. Although these methods have simplified the generation of experimental data, its analysis, particularly when disparate data types must be integrated, remains time consuming. Moreover, the huge volume of sequence variant data generated from next generation sequencing experiments opens up the possibility of using these data instead of microarray genotype data to identify disease loci. To allow these two types of data to be used in an integrated fashion, we have developed AgileVCFMapper, a program that performs both the mapping of disease loci by SNP genotyping and the analysis of potentially deleterious variants using exome sequence variant data, in a single step. This method does not require microarray SNP genotype data, although analysis with a combination of microarray and exome genotype data enables more precise delineation of disease loci, due to superior marker density and distribution.     

二维斑点追踪超声心动图左房软件及左室软件测量左房机械形变功能的一致性分析

目的 评估TomTec工作站左房及左室两种斑点追踪超声心动图软件测量左房整体纵向应变及应变率的一致性分析。方法 收集64个受检者的临床资料及超声心动图图像,两名受规范化培训医师分别应用2D-STE左房及左室软件获得左房整体纵向收缩期应变(Sct)、通道期应变(Scd)、左房储存期应变(Sr=Sct+Scd)及收缩期应变率(SRct)、通道期应变率(SRcd)、储存期应变率(SRr)。通过比较测量者内和测量者间获得的左房应变及应变率测值以评估两种软件测量的一致性有无差异。结果 （1）两种软件测量者内和测量者间的测值存在差异,仅左室软件测量者间SRcd差异有统计学意义（P=0.01）;（2）Bland-Altman一致性检验提示两种软件有较好的一致性,但左房软件测值较左室软件偏倚小,一致性区间较左室软件范围小;（3）测量者信度分析,左房软件测值较左室软件一致性好。结论 二维斑点追踪超声心动图左房专用软件较左室软件测值偏倚小,一致性范围稳定,测量者的重测信度优秀,值得在左房功能分析中推广应用。     

心理危机评估与干预软件的研制与测试

目的评估心理危机中自杀的危险程度,为基层心理医生预防自杀提供实用和有效的辅助软件。方法研制由4个国际通用的自杀评估量表和1个自杀行为观察他评量表模块构成的心理危机评估体系,并设有1项干预模块引导使用者进行专业干预。结果软件能快速给出测评结果并自动显示危险程度和处理意见;对超过中等危险度的数据,能给予屏显和声响2种方式报警。经对680名大学生进行自杀意念筛选,有较高的特异性。对30例有自杀意念者进行测评表明,自评量表评分与他评量表中相对应因子分呈明显正相关,r为0.55~0.72(P0.05,P0.01)。对113例心理疾病患者进行测评,软件测评的自杀意念阳性率为53.5%,明显高于访谈测评结果(34.5%)(P0.01)。结论软件设计合理,可以对自杀意念作出较准确的评估,对专业化开展心理危机干预有较大帮助。     

体检中心健康及慢病管理软件体系设计

健康管理软件是体检中心高效运转的重要支柱,完善健康软件功能至关重要。通过分析体检中心的需求,探究体检中心健康软件的设计及应用,明确健康管理软件的功能。将系统划分为基本功能和拓展功能,并重点阐述扩展功能的作用及实施。健康管理软件应遵循标准化要求,管理历次体检内容,为体检者提供完整的健康信息和疾病预警、自我保健指导。     

Advantages and limitations of two software calipers in quantitative coronary arteriography

Summary Software calipers allowing the measurement of the distances between pairs of manually defined picture elements in digitized images may be useful tools for a rapid assessment of the morphology of coronary vessels, e.g. for choosing the appropriate balloon or stent sizes before or during cardiac intervention procedures. In this paper we have studied extensively the advantages and limitations of two manual software calipers — one developed for a PC-based cinefilm analysis workstation, the other for the Philips DCI system.Based on analyses of a perspex vessel phantom with 17 sectors of known size filled with different concentrations (50 and 100%) of the contrast agent and acquired at two kV-levels (68 and 92 kV), it was found that the cinefilm approach is characterized by a very small overall (averaged over te data from three observers) systematic overestimation of 0.03 mm, and the DCI system by a systematic underestimation of 0.07 mm; the worst case accuracy value for an individual observer on frames with 100% contrast dye concentration was 0.20 mm for cinefilm, and –0.34 mm for the DCI, respectively. The overall variabilities in the measurements (precision) were almost identical for the two approaches (overall 0.07 and 0.08 mm for the cinefilm and digital approaches, respectively, and worst case for individual observers on the 100% contrast frames, 0.16 and 0.13 mm, respectively. Inverting the images (bright or dark contrast containing structures) of the phantom at 100% contrast concentration and acquired at 62 kV had no significant effect on the results obtained with the cinefilm analysis system (overall accuracy –0.12 mm for both situations), whereas it had on the results from the DCI system (overall accuracies –0.29 (dark vessels on bright background) and –0.08 mm (bright vessels on dark background), respectively). Enhancing the digital images on the DCI with unsharp masking techniques did not significantly influence the measurement accuracy and precision. Finally, it was found that woven dacron, polyurethane and polyvinylchloride catheters filled with 100% contrast dye can be measured with an overall accuracy of better than 0.13 mm on the DCI system. On the PC-based system the woven dacron and polyvinylchloride catheters would result in an overall accuracy better than 0.17 mm, and the polyurethane catheter better than 0.30 mm. The evaluation study has made clear that the nylon catheter should not be applied in QCA-studies. Thus based on the data presented and extrapolating these to the routine clinical situations, it can be concluded that the software caliper technique may be a useful tool for the rapid measurement of the size of a contrast filled structure in coronary angiograms, either from digitized cinefilm or from the digital images acquired with the Philips DCI system. However, it is to be expected that the measurements will be less accurate and precise when applied to coronary arteriograms due to additional variabilities caused by the non-uniform and rough size of coronary arterial segments. The accuracy and precision of the measurements can be improved significantly by using more sophisticated techniques with automated edge detection.     

如何正确运用χ2检验——队列设计四格表资料的χ2检验

本文目的是介绍队列设计四格表资料的χ²检验、相对危险度的假设检验和区间估计、SAS以及R软件的实现。针对队列设计的特点,重点介绍相对危险度的概念、假设检验和区间估计方法。对SAS与R软件计算的结果作出解释,并给出统计和专业结论。