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991.
Insulin resistance and C-reactive protein as independent risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in non-obese Asian men 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Park SH Kim BI Yun JW Kim JW Park DI Cho YK Sung IK Park CY Sohn CI Jeon WK Kim H Rhee EJ Lee WY Kim SW 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2004,19(6):694-698
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Although insulin resistance is often considered the link between obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the role of insulin resistance, independent of obesity, as a NAFLD risk factor in non-obese men has been less well established. Systemic inflammation may be accompanied by insulin resistance in healthy subjects. The goal of the present study was to examine if insulin resistance and systemic inflammatory markers are independent predictors of NAFLD in non-obese men. METHODS: The authors conducted a cross-sectional survey of 120 patients with NAFLD and 240 controls matched by age and body mass index. Controls had no evidence of alcohol abuse, hepatitis B or C, obesity, or previous history of diabetes, fasting hyperglycemia or hypertension. Diagnosis of NAFLD was based on an elevated alanine aminotransferase level and sonographic evidence of a fatty liver. Insulin resistance was determined using a homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). RESULTS: The age-adjusted risk of developing NAFLD was strongly associated with the elevated levels in measurements of uric acid, fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, C-reactive protein (CRP) and HOMA-IR, and decreased levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I. Multivariate analysis based on univariate analysis indicated that an increase in CRP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.77) per 1 SD (1.48 mg/L) and HOMA-IR (OR = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.67-3.11) per 1 SD (0.63) were independent risk factors for NAFLD. CONCLUSION: Insulin resistance and systemic inflammatory response are of key importance for inducing NAFLD, particularly in apparently healthy non-obese men. 相似文献
992.
Atrial fibrillation signal organization predicts sinus rhythm maintenance in patients undergoing cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fredrik Holmqvist Martin Stridh Johan E P Waktare Anders Roijer Leif S?rnmo Pyotr G Platonov Carl J Meurling 《Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology》2006,8(8):559-565
AIMS: Electrical remodelling is believed to influence the outcome following cardioversion of patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the results in clinical studies are conflicting. We assessed the hypothesis that non-invasively obtained atrial fibrillatory organization can be used as a predictor of sinus rhythm (SR) maintenance. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty-four patients (37 men, age 67+/-11) with persistent AF (median duration 3 months, 1 day to 18 months), without anti-arrhythmic drug treatment, referred for cardioversion were studied. Assessment of the atrial harmonic decay was made by time-frequency analysis of the ECG. At 1-month follow-up, 30 patients had relapsed into AF. The mean harmonic decay at inclusion of those relapsing into AF was 1.5+/-0.3 compared with 1.1+/-0.3 among those maintaining SR (P=0.0004). Using a cut-off value of harmonic decay 相似文献
993.
《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2022,32(2):346-354
Background and aimsMetabolic syndrome (MetS) affects ~10% of adolescents and is associated with cardiometabolic disease risk. The most prevalent MetS component is abdominal obesity. Healthy diet and physical activity (PA) are inversely associated with abdominal obesity and may reduce MetS risk in youth. Our aim was to examine associations of diet, activity, and abdominal obesity with MetS z-score (MetS-z).Methods and resultsAn analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2016 data in adolescents was performed. Healthy Eating Index (HEI)- 2015 scores were calculated for diet quality, PA habits were used to determine alignment with national guidelines, and abdominal obesity was assessed by sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD). MetS-z represented severity or potential risk for MetS. Multivariable regression evaluated the relationships of HEI, SAD and PA with MetS-z. Among 1214 black and white adolescents, SAD was significantly associated with MetS-z [β (95% CI) = 0.17 (0.16, 0.19); P <0.0001] while HEI-2015 components showed associations with MetS-z overall (HEI total, dairy, and sodium scores), and by sex (total, refined grains, dairy for males; added sugar, protein, whole grains for females). Mean HEI-2015 score was 47.4/100 (51.6 using the population-ratio method), and the proportion of adolescents meeting national PA guidelines was 37.6%, yet PA was not a significant predictor of MetS-z.ConclusionsUS adolescents have poor diet quality and fewer than half meet PA guidelines. Strategies for preventing MetS and related conditions in adolescence should focus on weight management – specifically, abdominal fat reduction – with individualized diet counseling. 相似文献
994.
黄轶昕 《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2006,31(6):679
钉螺是日本血吸虫的唯一中间宿主,是血吸虫病传播中的不可缺失环节。因此,灭螺在我国血吸虫病预防控制中占有非常重要地位。本文对我国既往及现行主要灭螺药物及使用方法进行了回顾,认为当前我国仍需重视灭螺药物研发及其应用研究,特别要加强符合环保要求的灭螺新药和灭螺新技术研究,注重灭螺药物和灭螺方法现场应用实际效果的监测评估,重视和开展灭螺药物对环境影响和生态安全的评估研究。 相似文献
995.
Andreas W. Schoenenberger André Moser Dominic Bertschi Peter Wenaweser Stephan Windecker Thierry Carrel Andreas E. Stuck Stefan Stortecky 《JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions》2018,11(4):395-403
Objectives
This study sought to evaluate whether frailty improves mortality prediction in combination with the conventional scores.Background
European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) or Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score have not been evaluated in combined models with frailty for mortality prediction after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).Methods
This prospective cohort comprised 330 consecutive TAVR patients ≥70 years of age. Conventional scores and a frailty index (based on assessment of cognition, mobility, nutrition, and activities of daily living) were evaluated to predict 1-year all-cause mortality using Cox proportional hazards regression (providing hazard ratios [HRs] with confidence intervals [CIs]) and measures of test performance (providing likelihood ratio [LR] chi-square test statistic and C-statistic [CS]).Results
All risk scores were predictive of the outcome (EuroSCORE, HR: 1.90 [95% CI: 1.45 to 2.48], LR chi-square test statistic 19.29, C-statistic 0.67; STS score, HR: 1.51 [95% CI: 1.21 to 1.88], LR chi-square test statistic 11.05, C-statistic 0.64; frailty index, HR: 3.29 [95% CI: 1.98 to 5.47], LR chi-square test statistic 22.28, C-statistic 0.66). A combination of the frailty index with either EuroSCORE (LR chi-square test statistic 38.27, C-statistic 0.72) or STS score (LR chi-square test statistic 28.71, C-statistic 0.68) improved mortality prediction. The frailty index accounted for 58.2% and 77.6% of the predictive information in the combined model with EuroSCORE and STS score, respectively. Net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement confirmed that the added frailty index improved risk prediction.Conclusions
This is the first study showing that the assessment of frailty significantly enhances prediction of 1-year mortality after TAVR in combined risk models with conventional risk scores and relevantly contributes to this improvement. 相似文献996.
997.
We studied the nutritional status of 32 patients (23 men), aged 50 (SD14) yr, on home hemodialysis (HHD) for one-138 months. No formal dietary restrictions were imposed. Anthropometric measurements were made using standard techniques, diet assessed by three-day dietetic diary and interview and plasma concentrations of nutrients were measured. Mean caloric intake was 29.4 (SD 10.7) kcal/kg; 24 (75%) patients had lower energy intakes than recommended for normals. Protein, vitamin C and folate intakes were above recommended minimum safe intakes. Intakes were less than recommended for calcium in four (13%) patients, iron in one (3%) and vitamin B12 in two (6%). One-third of both sexes had body mass indices (kg/m2) <25th percentile for normals, but none was <80% of ideal bodyweight. Arm muscle circumference was <10th percentile for normals in six men and three women. Triceps skin fold thickness was <10th percentile in four men (17%) and five women (55%). No anthropometric measurements were correlated with energy, protein or fat intake. Biochemical measurements were not useful in predicting protein intake. Neither nutritional intake nor anthropometric measurements were correlated with the duration of HHD. There was little evidence of malnutrition and wasting in this group of well rehabilitated HHD patients. 相似文献
998.
Ana E. Figueiredo RN MSc PhD Ariani Viegas RN Mara Monteiro RN 《Journal of Renal Care》2008,34(4):169-172
Patients with end‐stage renal failure (ESRF) undergoing haemodialysis (HD) are repeatedly exposed to stress and pain from approximately 300 punctures per year to their arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Repeated AVF punctures lead to a considerable degree of pain, due to the calibre and length of the bevel of fistula needles. Pain is a sensitive, emotional and subjective experience. The objective of this study was to measure pain associated with AVF needling. The analogue visual scale (AVS) divided into 10 equal parts (0 indicating lack of pain, and 10 unbearable pain) was used. Patients7 perceptions were measured in three different HD sessions. Pain was considered mild during AVF needling. The buttonhole technique caused a mean degree of pain of 2.4 (±1.7), compared to 3.1 (±2.3) using the conventional ropeladder technique. Although without reaching a statistically significant difference, diminished pain was associated with the buttonhole technique. 相似文献
999.
Objective rheological assessment of fluids given to dysphagic patients at mealtime and during videofluoroscopy was carried
out using a multicenter format. Thin, quarter-thick, half-thick and full-thick fluids were examined for the degree of correlation
between mealtime fluids and their allegedly matched videofluoroscopy counterparts. The study was carried out to determine
whether perceived subjective differences between mealtime fluids and videofluoroscopy fluids could be quantified using the
rheological parameters of viscosity, density, and yield stress. The results showed poor correlation between mealtime fluids
and videofluoroscopy fluids over all parameters. In general, the videofluoroscopy fluids were more viscous, more dense, and
showed higher yield stress values than their mealtime counterparts. Given these results, it is reasonable to assume that the
fluids used during videofluoroscopy do not provide an accurate indication of swallowing ability at mealtime. Therefore, it
is suggested that clinicians use objective methods to rheologically match videofluoroscopy fluids to mealtime fluids. 相似文献
1000.
Thyroxine treatment improves some of the defective thermogenic properties of obese (ob/ob) mice. Because brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an important thermogenic organ in mice, effects of thyroxine treatment on Na+, K+-ATPase, a thyroid-hormone responsive enzyme, and on rates of norepinephrine (NE) turnover, an indicator of sympathetic nervous system activity, in BAT of lean and obese mice were evaluated. Female mice, six weeks old, were injected with approximately 4 micrograms thyroxine daily for 2 weeks. Numbers of Na+, K+-ATPase enzyme units in BAT were similar in control lean and obese mice. Thyroxine treatment increased numbers of Na+, K+-ATPase enzyme units by 60% and 100% in lean and obese mice, respectively, indicating that the BAT of obese mice was responsive to thyroxine treatment. Fractional rates of NE turnover were 75% faster in BAT of control lean mice than in obese mice. Thyroxine treatment decreased functional rates of NE turnover in BAT of lean mice by 35%, but had no effect on NE turnover in BAT of obese mice. Rates of NE turnover in heart and pancreas of control lean and obese mice were unaffected by phenotype. Although the decreases in fractional rates of NE turnover in heart (-23%) and pancreas (-11%) of lean mice in response to thyroxine injections were not statistically significant, the calculated rates of NE turnover (fractional rate of NE turnover times the NE content of the organ) in these organs of lean mice were decreased 25% to 30% (P less than 0.05) in response to thyroxine. Thyroxine injections did not affect NE turnover in either heart or pancreas of obese mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献