LED固化灯光照强度对光固化复合树脂聚合收缩的影响

目的采用数字图像相关法动态研究LED光固化灯不同光照强度对光固化复合树脂聚合收缩的影响。方法收集12颗大小接近的新鲜离体磨牙,随机分为3组,制备大小为2.0 mm×2.0 mm×2.0mm的邻(?)面洞形,洞面酸蚀冲洗后涂粘接剂光照10 s,充填3M Z350纳米复合树脂,邻面快速制造散斑,LED固化灯垂直(?)面光照40s,3组光照强度分别为300 mW/cm~2、500 mW/cm~2和800 mW/cm~2,数码相机同步实时采集光照过程中试件表面散斑的变化序列图像,用数字图像相关法计算获得各序列图上逐个像素点水平方向(x)和垂直方向(y)位移,统计线性收缩率,描绘各像素点的时域变化曲线,并用SPSS 12.01统计软件包进行方差分析和配对t检验。结果 3种光照强度下树脂x方向线收缩率分别为0.081%～0.486%、0.004%～0.316%和0.063%～0.560%,y方向线收缩率分别为0.088%～0.981%、0.003%～0.77%和0.157%～1.252%,3组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3组第20 s树脂游离面收缩x方向位移差异无统计学意义,y方向位移差异有统计学意义。结论 LED光固化灯500 mW/cm~2光照时引起的树脂聚合收缩最小。     

Artificial light at night alters delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in response to acute stress in Siberian hamsters

Several physiological and behavioral processes rely on precisely timed light information derived from the natural solar cycle. Using this information, traits have adapted to allow individuals within specific niches to optimize survival and reproduction, but urbanization by humans has significantly altered natural habitats. Nighttime light exposure alters immune function in several species, which could lead to decreased fitness or survival, particularly in the face of an environmental challenge. We exposed male Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) to five lux of light at night for four weeks, and then administered six hours of acute restraint stress. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response was assessed immediately following stress. Acute restraint increased the DTH reaction in dark nights, but exposure to nighttime light prevented this response. Exposure to light at night prolonged the DTH response in non-stressed control hamsters. These results suggest that light pollution may significantly alter physiological responses in Siberian hamsters, particularly in response to a salient environmental challenge such as stress.     

Judging roughness by sight—A 7‐tesla fMRI study on responsivity of the primary somatosensory cortex during observed touch of self and others

Observing another person being touched activates our own somatosensory system. Whether the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is also activated during the observation of passive touch, and which subregions of S1 are responsible for self‐ and other‐related observed touch is currently unclear. In our study, we first aimed to clarify whether observing passive touch without any action component can robustly increase activity in S1. Secondly, we investigated whether S1 activity only increases when touch of others is observed, or also when touch of one's own body is observed. We were particularly interested in which subregions of S1 are responsible for either process. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla to measure S1 activity changes when participants observed videos of their own or another's hand in either egocentric or allocentric perspective being touched by different pieces of sandpaper. Participants were required to judge the roughness of the different sandpaper surfaces. Our results clearly show that S1 activity does increase in response to observing passive touch, and that activity changes are localized in posterior but not in anterior parts of S1. Importantly, activity increases in S1 were particularly related to observing another person being touched. Self‐related observed touch, in contrast, caused no significant activity changes within S1. We therefore assume that posterior but not anterior S1 is part of a system for sharing tactile experiences with others. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Sensory outcomes of the anterior tongue after lingual nerve repair in oropharyngeal cancer

Primary treatment of oropharyngeal cancer often involves surgical resection and reconstruction of the affected area. However, during base of tongue reconstruction the lingual nerve is often severed on one or both sides, affecting sensation in the preserved tissue of the anterior tongue. The loss of specific tongue sensations could negatively affect a person's oral function and quality of life. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of different types of lingual nerve intervention on sensory function for patients with base of tongue cancer as compared to healthy, age-matched adults. Subjects included 30 patients who had undergone primary oropharyngeal reconstruction with a radial forearm free-flap and 30 matched controls. Sensations tested were temperature, two-point discrimination, light touch, taste, oral stereognosis and texture on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. Results indicated that type of surgical nerve repair may not have a significant impact on overall sensory outcomes, providing mixed results for either nerve repair technique. Sensations for the nonoperated tongue side and operated side with lingual nerve intact were comparable to matched controls, with mixed outcomes for nerve repair. The poorest sensory outcomes were observed in patients with the lingual nerve severed, while all patients with lingual nerve intervention exhibited deteriorated taste sensation on the affected tongue side. Overall, patients in this study who had undergone oropharyngeal reconstruction with lingual nerve intervention exhibited decreased levels of sensation on the operated tongue side, with minimal differences between types of lingual nerve repair.     

超声弹性成像及超声造影技术评估慢性乙肝肝纤维化程度的临床研究

目的　探讨声触诊组织量化（VTQ）及超声造影（CEUS）技术对慢性乙肝肝纤维化程度的诊断价值。方法　65例慢性乙肝患者分别进行VTQ、CEUS技术检查及肝穿刺活检,获取剪切波速度（SWV）及造影参数：门静脉到达时间（PVAT）、肝动脉到达时间（HAAT）、肝静脉到达时间（HVAT）、肝实质达峰时间（TTP）、肝动脉-肝静脉渡越时间（HV-HAAT）、肝动脉-门静脉渡越时间（PV-HAAT）。根据病理结果分为轻度组12例、中度组23例和重度组30例,比较各组SWV和CEUS参数差异,分析SWV、CEUS参数与肝纤维化程度的相关性,绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线,寻找SWV、CEUS参数诊断重度肝纤维化的截断值,计算曲线下面积（AUC）,评价SWV、CEUS参数对重度肝纤维化的诊断效能,采用DeLong法比较不同检测方法的AUC差异。结果　与轻度组比较,中度组和重度组SWV增大,重度组HVAT、HV-HAAT减小（P＜0.05）;与中度组比较,重度组SWV增大,HVAT、HV-HAAT减小（P＜0.05）。SWV与肝纤维化严重程度呈正相关（rs=0.713,P＜0.05）,HVAT、HV-HAAT与肝纤维化严重程度呈负相关（rs分别为 -0.437、-0.620,P＜0.05）;SWV、HVAT、HV-HAAT诊断重度组肝纤维化（肝硬化）的AUC（95%CI）分别为0.925（0.832~0.976）、0.734（0.610~0.836）、0.804（0.687~0.892）,截断值分别为1.92 m/s、21.02 s、8.23 s;SWV的诊断效能优于HVAT、HV-HAAT（Z分别为2.817和1.987,均P＜0.05）。结论　与CEUS相比,VTQ技术对慢性乙肝肝纤维化程度的诊断效能更佳。     

GABA-induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation in the embryonic chick brainstem slice

We examined the intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) elevation evoked by GABA in an 8-day embryonic chick brainstem slice using a Ca imaging technique with Ca green-1 AM. When small quantities of GABA were pressure-ejected on the surface of the slice, the [Ca2+]i elevation was clearly detected. The GABA-induced [Ca2+]i elevation was eliminated in a Ca2+-free solution, whereas the previously reported GABA-induced light-scattering change was independent of extracellular Ca2+. Although, micro-application of glycine or glutamate also induced [Ca2+]i elevation, these changes were smaller than that by GABA. These results suggest that the GABA-induced [Ca2+]i elevation is due to Ca2+ entry resulting from membrane depolarization and may play an important role in the development of the central nervous system (CNS).     

Changes in Energy Intake and Diet Quality during an 18-Month Weight-Management Randomized Controlled Trial in Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Background

Previous research indicates that individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) are at risk for poor diet quality.

不同光照方式对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重 患者血清褪黑素水平及近期预后的影响

目的 探讨不同光照方式对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重（acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD）患者血清褪黑素（melatonin,Mel）及近期预后的影响。方法 选取2019年7月至2020年12月浙江省人民医院收治的96例AECOPD患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组（n=46）和观察组（n=50）。对照组患者给予24h持续光照,观察组患者采用间断光照方式,8:00至20:00给予持续光照,20:00至次日8:00关闭光照并为患者佩戴黑色眼罩,连续观察10d。比较两组患者血清Mel及尿6-羟基硫酸褪黑素（6-sulphatoxymelatonin,6-SMT）水平变化及撤机成功率、重症监护室（intensive care unit,ICU）停留时间、多器官功能障碍综合征（multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,MODS）发生率、住院28 d生存率差异。结果 观察组患者7:00和22:00的血清Mel及尿6-SMT水平均呈现升高趋势,且入院后第5天和第10天上述指标均显著高于同期对照组（P<0.05）。观察组患者撤机成功率显著高于对照组,ICU停留时间显著短于对照组,MODS发生率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组患者住院28d的生存率略高于对照组,但两组比较差异无统计学意义（84.0% vs 73.9%,χ2=0.390,P=0.532）。结论 对AECOPD患者实施间断光照能够明显提高患者体内Mel及其代谢产物水平,改善近期预后,值得在临床中推广应用。     

轻链型多发性骨髓瘤患者免疫固定电泳检测差异的分析

目的 探讨轻链型多发性骨髓瘤患者实验室检查上的特点.方法 回顾性分析我院2003年5月至2007年9月间采用免疫固定电泳(IFE)检测的30例轻链型患者的实验室结果的特征.结果 轻链型多发性骨髓瘤患者中,κ型患者κ/λ显著升高(P＜0.05),λ型κ/λ显著降低(P＜0.05);两组κ/λ均与正常值差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论 κ/λ比值可作为多发性骨髓瘤的诊断、鉴别诊断敏感和特异性指标.