复方黄黛片在健康志愿者体内的药代动力学研究

目的　研究复方黄黛片中砷在健康志愿者体内的药代动力学行为。方法　用ICP -MS测定健康志愿者血中砷的浓度 ,用 3P97处理药动学数据 ,SPSS进行统计分析。结果和结论　健康志愿者药动学参数分别为A =0 .30 6 0± 0 .0 90 9mg·L-1,Ke=0 .0 74 9± 0 .0 12 5 1/h ,Ka =0 .2 199± 0 .0 3471/h ,TLag　 =0 .0 72 4± 0 .0 6 2 1h ,T1/ 2　 (Ka) =3.2 0 70± 0 .5 2 6 0h ,T1/ 2　 (Ke) =9.2 6 6 2± 1.344 4h ,Tpeak　 =7.4 4 99± 0 .3184h ,Cmax　 =0 .10 75± 0 .0 0 31mg·L-1,AUC =2 .5 5 0 8± 0 .15 2 8mg·L·h-1,CL/F(s) =195 9.1970± 110 .182 2L·h-1,V/F(c) =2 6 2 35 .376 0± 2 731.4 15 8L。单剂量口服复方黄黛片后 ,72h内砷元素在体内呈一级吸收     

基于色度分析原理的青黛有效成分含量与其色度值的相关性分析

目的:研究青黛粉末外观颜色及其提取液颜色与靛蓝、靛玉红含量的相关性。方法:采用HPLC法测定27批青黛中靛蓝、靛玉红的含量,采用分光测色仪测定青黛粉末及提取液的色度值L~*,a~*,b~*。运用SPSS 20.0软件对青黛有效成分含量与其色度值进行相关性及多元线性回归分析。结果:感官评定青黛粉末外观颜色结果表明,随着粉末颜色加深,分光测色仪测定粉末和提取液的明亮度(L~*)降低、红-绿色度(a~*)升高。相关性分析表明,靛蓝含量与青黛粉末L~*呈负相关(P0.01),相关性系数为-0.520;与a~*呈正相关(P0.01),相关性系数为0.567。靛玉红含量与青黛粉末、提取液的L~*呈负相关(P0.01),相关性系数分别为-0.635,-0.580;与a~*呈正相关(P0.01),相关性系数分别为0.706,0.493。结论:青黛粉末外观颜色较深者,其靛蓝、靛玉红含量较高;青黛粉末L~*,a~*与靛蓝、靛玉红含量的相关性比提取液的相关性大;青黛粉末颜色与靛蓝、靛玉红含量具有显著相关性,为青黛快速鉴别方法提供参考依据;采用分光测色仪测定青黛色度值的方法具有稳定性、科学性和可靠性。     

青黛散的X衍射Fourier谱分析

目的用X射线衍射Fourier图谱及其特征衍射峰值来鉴别青黛散及其组成的药物。方法采用X衍射的方法,对青黛散及其各组分的X衍射Fourier图谱进行分析。结果获得了青黛散中各组分及组方后的X射线衍射Fourier图谱的几何拓扑图形及其衍射特征峰值。结论建立的X衍射Fourier图谱分析法可方便地用于青黛散及组成药物的鉴别。     

基于成分“敲出法”结合表面性质分析探究青黛低润湿性的关键影响因素

目的采用成分"敲出法"结合表面元素分析法探究青黛低润湿性的关键影响因素,为调控改变青黛表面润湿性提供科学依据。方法以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶媒,采用超声法分别提取0～5次,每次提取30 min,滤过,干燥,制得6种有机物含量差异明显的青黛粉末。采用HPLC法测定6种青黛中靛蓝与靛玉红的含量,测定接触角、表面自由能及其分量、粒度,进行表面形貌及表面元素分析、红外光谱分析等指标,采用相关分析法探讨青黛有机物含量与润湿性的关系。结果 HPLC结果显示,随着提取次数的增加,靛蓝含量从3.320%下降至0.112%,靛玉红含量从0.120%下降至0.006%,在纯水中的接触角从53.56°下降至34.84°,表面自由能的极性分量从24.880 mJ/m2增加至38.701 mJ/m2,非极性分量变化不大,表面自由能总量从46.523 mJ/m2增加至62.240 mJ/m2。扫描电镜显示青黛表面的颗粒物逐步消失,表面变得光滑平整;能谱仪Mapping扫描显示,N元素逐步减少,Ca、Si元素略有增加;粒度分布、红外光谱变化不大;相关性分析显示,靛蓝、靛蓝与靛玉红含量之和与接触角呈显著正相关,含量越高,润湿性越差。结论青黛有机物被敲出后,接触角、表面自由能极性分量与表面自由能总量显著增大,润湿性增加。附着于青黛表面的有机物是导致其低润湿性的关键影响因素,采用粉体表面改性技术改善其亲水性应针对有机物展开。     

Adsorption of C.I. Natural Red 4 onto Spongin Skeleton of Marine Demosponge

C.I. Natural Red 4 dye, also known as carmine or cochineal, was adsorbed onto the surface of spongin-based fibrous skeleton of Hippospongia communis marine demosponge for the first time. The influence of the initial concentration of dye, the contact time, and the pH of the solution on the adsorption process was investigated. The results presented here confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method for developing a novel dye/biopolymer hybrid material. The kinetics of the adsorption of carmine onto a marine sponge were also determined. The experimental data correspond directly to a pseudo-second-order model for adsorption kinetics (r² = 0.979–0.999). The hybrid product was subjected to various types of analysis (FT-IR, Raman, ¹³C CP/MAS NMR, XPS) to investigate the nature of the interactions between the spongin (adsorbent) and the dye (the adsorbate). The dominant interactions between the dye and spongin were found to be hydrogen bonds and electrostatic effects. Combining the dye with a spongin support resulted with a novel hybrid material that is potentially attractive for bioactive applications and drug delivery systems.     

斑蝥青黛天灸膏存放时间与其临床疗效的关系探讨

目的观察临时制作、存放1年、存放2年的天灸膏临床疗效的差异。方法将120例牛皮癣患者随机分为观察组、对照1组、对照2组,每组40例,即观察组用存放2年的天灸膏治疗,对照2组用存放1年的天灸膏治疗,对照1组用临时制作的天灸膏治疗。结果三组总有效率分别为97.5%、52.5%、37.5%,经卡方检验,观察组总有效率明显优于对照1组和对照2组(P<0.01),对照1组和对照2组总有效率的差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论存放斑蝥青黛天灸膏的时间越长(2年以上)其临床疗效越好。     

靛胭脂-美兰双重染色法诊断早期胃癌及上皮内瘤变的临床价值

目的探讨内镜下靛胭脂．美兰双重染色法对早期胃癌及癌前病变的临床诊断价值。方法就诊病人行常规内镜检查,发现可疑病灶者随机分为2组,染色组行内镜下靛胭脂-美蓝染色后活检;对照组不染色,肉眼判断病灶,常规活检。结果共人选240例,染色组和对照组各120例,染色组中检出早期胃癌25例、上皮内瘤变58例,对照组中分别检出8例、20例,两组检出率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;染色组65例出现明显染色分界区,早期胃癌和上皮内瘤变检出率分别为35．4％和63．1％,无明显染色分界区（55例）的检出率分别为3．6％和30．9％,出现明显染色分界区早期胃癌及癌前病变的检出率均明显高于无明显染色分界区（P〈0．05）。结论内镜下靛胭脂-美兰双重染色可显著提高早期胃癌和癌前病变的检出率,明显的染色分界区对于早期胃癌和癌前病变诊断有一定的指示意义。     

对11种青黛的质量考察

目的：对目前市场上青黛药材进行质量考察。方法：采用薄层色谱法，紫外分光光度法等对其进行定性。定量分析。结果：目前市场上青黛的质量存在较大差异。青黛中靛蓝的含量最高达3.12% ，最低仅为1.29%。结论：应进一步规范青黛的生产工艺，完善质量标准，严把质量关。     

Colon Polyps Detected by Contrast Chromoscopy Using Indigo Carmine Capsule

Contrast chromoscopy of the colon using indigo carmine capsule was performed in 287 patients from July 1990 to March 1991. The distribution and histological features of the polyps detected and resected in these patients were investigated. The overall prevalence of polyps (neoplastic and nonneoplastic) was 85.7% and that of neoplastic polyps was 57.1 %. Moreover, the prevalence of neoplastic polyps in 121 asymptomatic patients was 50.4%. A total of 1179 polyps were resected. Of this total, 1049 polyps were diminutive (>5 mm), and 130 polyps were >5 mm. Histological examinations revealed 35.6% of the diminutive polyps and 83.7% of the large polyps (>5 mm) were neoplastic. Proximally, diminutive neoplastic polyps predominated, accounting for 78% of all of the diminutive polyps in the right colon. The situation was reversed in the distal colon, where diminutive non-neoplastic polyps comprised 91% of all of the diminutive polyps in the rectum. The number of large polyps was evenly distributed throughout the colon. The incidence of carcinoma was 0.5% of the diminutive polyps and 10.1 % of the large polyps. Approximately 70% of all of the neoplastic polyps were located proximal to the sigmoid colon. These findings suggest that there are many more polyps present throughout the colon than previously estimated. This suggests that total colonoscopy be performed more thoroughly than before, by using for instance chromoscopy. Furthermore, all of the polyps encountered during colonoscopy should be removed due to the high prevalence of neoplasia, especially in the proximal side of the colon.     

复方青黛膜剂中靛蓝的定性与含量测定方法研究

目的:建立复方青黛膜的质量标准.方法:采用TLC鉴别本制剂中的青黛;用HPLC测定本制剂中靛蓝含量.结果:薄层色谱法可鉴别出青黛的特征斑点;HPLC法测定靛蓝在0.22～5.5μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,r= 0.9998,回收率范围为98.99%～100.69%,RSD值为0.61%.结论:TLC及HPLC法专属性强,方法可靠、使用方便,可用于该制剂的质量控制.