类固醇类激素联合携带Fas基因重组腺病毒治疗瘢痕疙瘩的体内实验研究

目的应用成功制备的携带人Fas基因的两种重组腺病毒,联合类固醇激素进行瘢痕疙瘩的动物实验研究,判断携带人Fas基因的重组腺病毒与类固醇激素联合治疗瘢痕疙瘩的效果。方法构建瘢痕疙瘩裸鼠模型。使用Ad-Fas(B),Ad-Fas(T)两种构建成功的腺病毒注射及其它辅助治疗手段,实施针对植入裸鼠皮下的瘢痕疙瘩组织的体内治疗方案。通过大体观察,常规病理及电镜观察检测瘢痕疙瘩组织块的变化。结果①单纯使用腺病毒注射后的瘢痕疙瘩组织块体积仅轻度缩小。②前期注射Ad-Fas(B)或Ad-Fas(T)后,使用类固醇激素作为后续治疗因素,其瘢痕疙瘩组织块均明显缩小。③使用腺病毒治疗后,能有效地减少曲安缩松的使用,从而减轻类固醇类激素治疗的副作用。结论①裸鼠为免疫缺陷动物,所以该结果并不能否认病毒的直接治疗作用,在免疫性动物体内直接注射腺病毒的治疗效果尚无结论。②重组腺病毒Ad-Fas(B)及Ad-Fas(T)的瘢痕疙瘩基因治疗的动物实验为瘢痕疙瘩的治疗展示了一条全新的途径。     

自制下腔静脉滤器的体外实验

目的 评估自制的下腔静脉滤器(DDIVCF)捕获猪血栓子的效果及其定位稳定性.方法 ①将DDIVCF滤器和进口Antheor临时性下腔静脉滤器分别置入于直径为20和25 mm的下腔静脉(IVC)血液循环模型中,观察模型处于水平位时滤器对3 mm×20 mm,3 mm×30 mm,6 mm×20 mm,6 mm×30 mm 4种大小不同的猪血栓子的捕获效果,并计算其捕获率.②测量滤器捕获大量6 mm×30 mm栓子后相对位移的距离,观察滤器的定位稳定性.结果 ①DDIVCF滤器在直径20和25 mm的IVC模型中对4种猪血栓子的捕获率分别为34%,56%,82%,94%和26%,38%,56%,86%;Antheor的捕获率分别为54%,64%,86%,96%和38%,44%,68%,90%.对3 mm×30 mm,6 mm×20 mm,6 mm×30 mm猪血栓子的捕获率两者间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).②在直径20和25 mm的IVC模型中DDIVCF滤器捕获猪血栓子后相对位移距离分别为(0.6±0.3)cm和(1.0±0.1)cm.Antheor的相对位移距离分别为(0.4±0.1)cm和(0.8±0.3)cm,两者差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 DDIVCF在体外模型实验中具有较高的血栓捕获率和定位稳定性,可与进口Antheor临时性下腔静脉滤器媲美,其体内应用情况尚需进一步动物实验研究.     

腹腔镜下处理输卵管积水对体外受精胚胎移植结局的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜下处理输卵管积水对体外受精胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, IVF-ET)结局的影响.方法 2002～2005年在我院行IVF-ET伴输卵管积水的53例分3个研究组:①未处理组17例,仅行IVF-ET,未对积水进行处理;②直接切除组17例,行IVF-ET术前在腹腔镜下处理输卵管积水;③失败后切除组19例,IVF-ET失败后腹腔镜下处理输卵管积水后再行IVF-ET.结果未处理组新鲜移植周期妊娠率15.8%(3/19),解冻周期妊娠率10.5%(2/19),平均周期妊娠率13.2%(5/38),累积活胎率17.6%(3/17);直接切除组分别为36.8%(7/19),23.1%(3/13),30.3%(10/32),41.7%(8/17);失败后切除组分别为16.7%(2/12),58.3%(14/24),44.4%(16/36),73.7%(14/19).失败后切除组的解冻周期妊娠率、平均周期妊娠率及累积活胎率均高于未处理组(χ2＝10.374,P＝0.001;χ2＝8.903,P＝0.003;χ2＝11.305,P＝0.001),直接切除组平均周期妊娠率及累积活胎率呈高于未处理组的趋势(χ2＝3.377,P＝0.066;χ2＝3.360,P＝0.067).结论输卵管积水降低IVF-ET的妊娠率,妊娠结局不良,腹腔镜下处理输卵管积水后再行IVF-ET提高妊娠率,获得良好的妊娠结局.     

体外细胞培养检验“方证对应”关系的方法学研究

目的通过在体外细胞培养中加入中药复方粗提制剂对具有典型的中医证型的肺癌患者的外周血淋巴细胞NK活性的影响，探索能否在体外实验中反映“方证对应”关系。方法以水煎醇沉法制备两种中药复方（益气养阴和健脾化痰）的粗提制剂，取具有典型的中医证型（气阴两虚或脾虚痰湿证型）的肺癌患者的外周血淋巴细胞，将同一个患者的标本分为四个体外实验组，即空白对照组，中药5mg／ml组及10mg／ml组，自细胞介素2（250^u/ml，阳性对照）组。按“辨证论治”原则加入相应的中药复方制剂。体外培养22h或94h，以MTT法检测各组的NK活性。结果无论培养22h或94h，中药组的NK活性与对照组比较皆无显著性差异（P〉0．05），而白细胞介素2（阳性对照）组的NK括性均明显升高（P〈0．05）。结论两种中药复方制剂都未能在体外反应出“方证对应”的效果，说明中药粗提制剂直接用于体外细胞培养，其结果的可靠性差。     

Prognostic value of an automated sperm analysis in IVF or insemination therapy

Summary. During the course of sterility treatment semenograms of 271 IVF and 316 insemination patients were carried out by two automated semen analysers. The parameters of these analyses were correlated to pregnancies resulting from the treatment. Semen samples were analysed in the ejaculate and after swim-up preparation. In addition, the swim-up suspension of IVF patients was measured again 18 h after sperm preparation. Patients were divided into three groups: (1) couples who achieved a pregnancy, (2) couples who did not achieve a pregnancy, and (3) IVF patients with no fertilization of the oocytes. Because of large standard deviations in the quality of ejaculates, the results in the IVF group show no significant differences in the semen parameters of husbands of pregnant and non-pregnant women. In contrast husbands of women with no fertilization have a significantly lower sperm motility. After swim-up preparation these differences no longer occur. A further measurement, taken 18 h later, reveals that there are no differences in the sperm parameters between the pregnant and non-pregnant group. However, the semen quality in the group with no fertilization is significantly reduced. The results of the insemination patients are similar to those of the IVF group. Thus, the results from automated sperm analysers cannot replace either the microscopic or biochemical analysis of an ejaculate and, moreover, cannot be used as prognosis for the fertilization capacity of sperms or a following pregnancy.     

卡马西平片体外溶出度与体内吸收相关性

目的：考察卡马西平（ＣＢＺ）片溶出度与体内吸收的相关性。方法：应用ＺＲＳ－４溶出度仪测定卡马西平片的溶出度。４名男性健康志愿性ｐｏ单剂量２００ｍｇＣＢＺ用ＴＤｘ分析仪测定血药浓度，并按照Ｗａｇｎｅｒ－Ｎｅｌｓｏｎ公式计算药物吸收分数。结果：体外溶出度与体内药物吸收分数的相关系数ｒ＝０．９２６１，体外溶出度与体内药物吸收分数的相关系数ｒ＝０．９９７７。结论：ＣＢＺ片体外溶出度与体内吸收有较好的相关性     

Genetic toxicology testing of Di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate

Di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT) is a commercially produced chemical (Kodaflex® DOTP) that is used as a general purpose, low-volatility plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride and other polymeric materials. Less than 30 million kilograms of DEHT are produced annually. DEHT is isomeric with di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a nongenotoxic rodent carcinogen whose mode of action has been suggested to derive from its ability to produce hepatocellular proliferation and/or hepatic peroxisome proliferation. Thus it is important to know the behavior of DEHT in genotoxicity assays in order to compare it with that of DEHP and other phthalate ester plasticizers. It is known from previously published studies that rats fed DEHT in the diet at 2,000 mg/kg produce urine that is negative in the Ames Salmonella bacterial mutagenicity assay in the presence and absence of induced rat liver S-9 and in the presence and obsence of β-glucuronidase/aryl sulfatase. Reported here are the results of direct testing of DEHT in the Ames plate incorporation assay, the Chinese hamster ovary/hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (CHO/HGPRT) in vitro mammalian cell mutagenicity assay, and an in vitro chromosome aberrations assay using CHO cells. The results for mono(ethylhexyl) terephthalate (MEHT), a metabolite of DEHT, in the Ames Salmonella bacterial mutagenicity assay are also presented. All test results for both DEHT and MEHT were found to be negative, and it is therefore concluded that DEHT, like its isomeric relative DEHP, is not genotoxic. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

辽宁产东亚钳蝎毒的镇痛作用——离体海马脑片的细胞内电位记录

应用离体脑片技术及细胞内生物电记录方法，研究辽宁产东亚钳蝎毒及某些活性物质对海马ＣＡ１区痛敏神经元的影响，以了解蝎毒的作用机制，在海马ＣＡ１区记录到细胞内放电５４个单位，其静息电位平均值为４５±５ｍＶ，当给予海马伞入口处一定强度刺激时，在海马ＣＡ１区记录到细胞内放电，向海马脑片灌注蝎毒液时，ＣＡ１区细胞内放电受抑制，说明蝎毒液有镇痛作用     

环孢素A体外抗曼氏血吸虫作用的观察

ＭＦ１小鼠实验感染曼氏血吸虫尾蚴１周、３周和６周后，分别经肺静脉和门静脉灌注取虫。实验显示，药物体外抗曼氏血吸虫的作用呈时间、剂量和虫龄依赖方式，童虫和雄虫对药物更敏感。     

长效避孕皮下埋植剂体外缓释行为研究

本文对以加成型硅橡胶为基质的左旋18—甲基炔诺酮长效避孕埋植剂的体外释放行为及对可能影响其释放量的诸因素,进行了观察与研究,结果表明:此长效避孕皮下埋植剂的体外释药行为,符合零级释药动力学规律。释药量受控释膜厚度,控释膜交联密度及释药面积的影响。体外释放药物曲线无明显爆破峰。