The coating of erythrocytes with detergent-solubilized molecules: a general method for improved coupling of antigens and antibodies

A method is described by which different antigens and antibodies in solutions containing deoxycholate (DOC) may be coated to glutaraldehyde (GA)-fixed erythrocytes. This method, based on the use of CrCl3, yields erythrocytes which preserve the antigenicity and antibody activity of the coated molecules and can thus be applied to various assays in which indicator red cells are required. The sensitivity of the assays increases when these red cells are used. The cells form rosettes with the appropriate receptor positive cells. They sediment in Ficoll-Isopaque as do native erythrocytes and do not aggregate spontaneously even when coated at very high or low concentrations of CrCl3 or antigen. This coupling method, which is performed in the presence of DOC, and which requires only a small amount of antigen, is proposed for the coupling of cell membrane dissolved antigens.     

Ischemia-modified albumin,a predictive marker of major adverse cardiovascular events in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.

Design and methods

A prospective observational study was conducted with 120 CAPD patients and 37 healthy volunteers. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The primary end point is the occurrence of MACE.

Results

A total of 157 participants with a mean age of 43.64 years finally completed this study. The CAPD patients had a significantly high rate of MACE (P = 0.001) and high levels of IMA than healthy controls (P < 0.001). Compared with CAPD patients with normal levels of IMA, the CAPD patients with high levels of IMA (> 85 kU/L) had lower non-MACE survival rate (P < 0.001), which indicated that the high IMA CAPD patients may suffer a high rate of MACE. In addition, the high IMA CAPD patients also had a low level of serum albumin (P < 0.001) and hemoglobin (P = 0.018). The correlation analysis showed that the serum albumin level was the most effective factor influencing IMA (B = − 0.967, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

CAPD patients with high levels of IMA had a high incidence rate of MACE. IMA was a good predictive marker of MACE and might be important in cardiovascular risk stratification of CAPD patients.     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊介入术中血栓抽吸对缺血修饰性白蛋白的影响

目的评价在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者急诊介入术中血栓抽吸对缺血修饰性白蛋白（IMA）的影响。方法选择2009年5月至2010年8月收治的STEMI患者共92例,其中急诊介入术加血栓抽吸治疗者为血栓抽吸组（n=45）,同时期条件相当仅行急诊介入治疗患者作为标准PCI组（n=47）,比较两组的基础资料及IMA、脑尿钠肽（BNP）和肌酸激酶同工酶（CK—MB）情况。结果两组术后30minIMA比术前明显升高（P〈0．05）,且血栓抽吸组低于普通PCI组,3h逐渐降到术前水平。BNP在术后明显升高（P〈0．05）,而肌酸激酶同工酶在术后12h到达峰值,血栓抽吸组均低于术后同时间普通PCI组。结论IMA可作为心肌缺血早期诊断的重要指标之一,血栓抽吸能改善介入治疗后心肌微灌注并减少心肌酶的释放,从而减少心肌梗死面积。     

Three-year efficacy and patency follow-up of decellularized human internal mammary artery as a novel vascular graft in animal models

Background

Various investigations have reported that the internal mammary artery (IMA) is an efficient and functional choice of conduit for vascular graft surgeries, especially for coronary artery bypass grafts; however, the quest to find an ideal vascular substitute remains. We hypothesized that acellular IMA could be an appropriate graft for small-diameter vascular bypasses that could be used in various surgeries including coronary artery bypass grafting.

Chevron osteotomy versus scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus correction: A meta-analysis

BackgroundThis study intended to investigate the optimal surgical strategy in hallux valgus (HV), and to provide a basis for clinical treatment of HV.MethodsStudies related to chevron osteotomy and scarf osteotomy for HV were enrolled from online databases. Hallux valgus angle (HVA) was the main outcome variable. Enrolled studies included posttreatment data for intermetatarsal angle (IMA), American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and complications. A random-effects model was applied for significant heterogeneity. Otherwise, a fixed-effects model was used. Heterogeneity was assessed with Q test and I² statistics. Publication bias was evaluated with Egger's test. Based on the influence of weighted mean difference values or odds ratios, a sensitivity analysis was performed.ResultsFour studies including 384 subjects were evaluated to determine the optimal surgical strategy for HV. There was no statistically significant difference between chevron and scarf groups for HVA, IMA, AOFAS score, and complication rates. Sensitivity analysis showed good stability. The likelihood of publication bias was small.ConclusionThe effects of chevron osteotomy and scarf osteotomy for HV are comparable. Chevron osteotomy is less technically demanding.     

芪红桂枝汤治疗冠心病心绞痛50例临床观察及对血清IMA、Ps水平的影响

目的通过观察自拟芪红桂枝汤对冠心病心绞痛的临床治疗效果,来探讨其作用机制,为冠心病心绞痛的临床治疗提供理论基础。方法将100例冠心病心绞痛患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各50例,对照组采用西医常规治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加服芪红桂枝汤,治疗4周后对两组临床治疗效果进行比较,并观察治疗前后两组血清缺血修饰白蛋白（IMA）、P-选择素（Ps）水平的变化。结果联合服用芪红桂枝汤的治疗组在提高心绞痛症状疗效、心电图疗效,降低中医证候积分方面均较单纯西药组有明显优势,两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;两组均能显著降低血清缺血修饰清蛋白（IMA）、P-选择素（Ps）水平且治疗组优于对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。     

IMA、H-FABP、cTnI联合检测对非ST段抬高性急性冠状动脉综合征患者早期诊断价值研究

目的 研究缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)、心肌脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)与心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnI)联合检测对非ST段抬高性急性冠状动脉综合征(NSTE ACS)患者心肌缺血早期诊断的价值.方法 收集急诊胸痛患者135例,其中NSTE ACS 80例、非心源性胸痛(NCCP) 55例,均于胸痛3小时内入院检测血清IMA、H-FABP、cTnI,比较组间差异;整理住院患者病例资料,统计发生主要心脏不良事件(MACE)患者入院时IMA、H-FABP、cTnI结果差异.结果 NSTE ACS组入院时IMA、H-FABP、cTnI均高于NCCP组(P＜0.01);诊断NSTE ACS早期心肌缺血的灵敏度IMA(86％)高于H-FABP(68％)和cTnI(79％),IMA、H-FABP、cTnI平行试验灵敏度可达到90％,并具有更高阴性预测价值(85％);发生MACE的患者入院时IMA、H-FABP、cTnI结果明显高于非MACE患者(P＜0.05).结论 IMA是较cTnI和H-FABP更敏感的急性心肌缺血早期诊断指标,IMA、H-FABP、cTnI联检可以提高NSTE ACS早期心肌缺血诊断与排除诊断效率,并对预后具有一定评估价值.     

Endovascular Balloon-Assisted Embolization of High-Flow Peripheral Vascular Lesions Using Dual-Lumen Coaxial Balloon Microcatheter and Onyx: Initial Experience

Balloon-assisted embolization performed by delivering Onyx ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer through a dual-lumen coaxial balloon microcatheter is a new technique for the management of peripheral vascular lesions. This technique does not require an initial reflux of Onyx to form around the tip of the microcatheter before antegrade flow of Onyx can commence. In a series of four patients who were treated with the use of this technique, the absence of significant reflux of Onyx was noted, as were excellent navigability and easy retrieval of the balloon microcatheter. However, in one patient, there was inadvertent adverse embolization of a digital artery, which was not caused by reflux of Onyx but could still be related to balloon inflation.     

The evaluation of thiol-disulfıte balance,ischemıa albumın modıfıcation and seruloplazmine as a new oxidatıve stress in mild cognitive impairment and early stage alzheimer’s disease patients

BackgroundAlzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia seen in advanced age. It is characterized by progressive deterioration in cognitive functions. The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease increasing day by day due to the increase in the share of the elderly population in the general population due to developing health and living conditions, is limited and early diagnosis and effective treatment possibilities are very limited. From this point of view, a specific biomarker for AD is very important. As a new oxidative stress biomarker, the levels of thiol-disulfide balance, ischemia-modified albumin and seroloplazminin were evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in the early stages of the disease and to compare these oxidative stress markers with patients with mild cognitive impairment as a precursor form of Alzheimer's disease and to determine whether these markers develop at an earlier stage.Methods30 volunteers with early stage AD according to NINCDS-ARDRA criteria, 19 volunteers with Midl Cognitive İmpairment according to PCA criteria and 30 volunteers with defined criteria were selected from the subjects aged between 55 and 88 who applied to Gazi University Health Research.Statistical analysis of the data showed that there was a significant difference between the endgroups and biomarkers for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, but this complicated matter has to be investigated in more comprehensive and detailed studie.ResultsIn the present study, we investigated oxidative stress parameters, thiol-disulphide balance, ischemia modified abumin and seruloplasmin in parallel with the impairment in cognitive dysfunction from control group to Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCD) and AD group by using a newly-developed method.ConclusionsThis is the first study in literature comparing Early Stages Alzheimer Disease (ESAD), MCD and healthy volunteer groups. Our study has revealed that these newly developed tests may be candidates as oxidative stress biomarkers in pathgenesis of AD. However it was concluded that more comprehensive and detailed studies are required to enlighten this issue.