不同稀释浓度的痰热清注射液对急性上呼吸道感染患儿的疗效与安全性影响

目的:考察不同稀释浓度的痰热清注射液对儿童急性上呼吸道感染(children with acute upper respiratory tract infection,AURTI)的疗效与安全性。方法:抽取2018年1月—12月间收治的采用痰热清注射液治疗的AURTI患儿108例资料,按照痰热清注射液的稀释浓度不同将其分为高浓度组29例、中浓度组40例和低浓度组39例;分析不同痰热清注射液的稀释浓度对各组患儿的临床症状复常时间、总有效率和用药期间不良反应发生率差异。结果:高、中浓度组患儿用药后症状和体征的恢复时间相当(<5 d),但早于低浓度组(<7 d);高、中浓度组用药后的总有效率分别为89.66%和87.50%,经两组间比较其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但均显著高于低浓度组(64.10%);中、低浓度组患儿治疗期间不良反应发生率分别为7.50%和5.13%,经两组间比较其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但均显著低于高浓度组(31.03%)。结论:痰热清注射液不同稀释浓度对治疗AURTI患儿的疗效和安全性影响较大;适当稀释痰热清注射液的浓度不仅具有良好的临床疗效,而且安全性较高。     

Decreased recurrence of symptoms in oral lichen planus with intralesional injection of hyaluronic acid and triamcinolone

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic non-infectious, inflammatory, immunological disease. In contrast to skin lesions, which are often self-limiting, oral lesions rarely heal on their own and can be resistant to local and systemic treatments. In this clinical trial, hyaluronic acid (HA) was mixed with triamcinolone for intralesional injection to reduce side effects in the treatment of OLP. This randomized clinical trial with a split-mouth design was performed on 28 patients with OLP. The mouth was divided randomly into two sides: a test side, which received HA combined with triamcinolone, and a control side, which received triamcinolone alone. The rate of symptom recurrence was 74.1% on the control side and 11.1% on the test side (significant difference, P < 0.01). Pain scores did not differ between the two groups when assessed after 2 weeks. The group treated with a combination of HA and triamcinolone experienced a significantly better resolution of lesions and symptoms. Considering the role of HA in tissue healing and in regulating inflammatory responses, as well as its antioxidant and hydration properties, it appears that HA could be effective in improving of OLP and decreasing the rate of symptom recurrence.     

Blindness associated with platelet-rich plasma temporomandibular joint injections

This case report highlights an ocular complication associated with platelet-rich plasma temporomandibular joint injections. This pioneering treatment can risk irreversible visual loss. This case highlights the importance of an experienced technique, in depth understanding of facial anatomy, and promptly recognising and referring the patient to a specialist to manage the complication should it arise.     

Depigmentation – a rare side effect to intra-articular glucocorticoid treatment

Intra-articular glucocorticoid injections are often used in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, either as bridging therapy or in periods with increased disease activity. We present a case of local skin depigmentation that occurred at the site of injection in a dark-skinned patient. Depigmentation is a rare complication of such therapy but may have important implications for dark-skinned patients.Abbreviations DMARD Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs - RA Rheumatoid arthritis     

Telemedicine and type 1 diabetes: Is technology per se sufficient to improve glycaemic control?

AimIn the TELEDIAB-1 study, the Diabeo system (a smartphone coupled to a website) improved HbA_1c by 0.9% vs controls in patients with chronic, poorly controlled type 1 diabetes. The system provided two main functions: automated advice on the insulin doses required; and remote monitoring by teleconsultation. The question is: how much did each function contribute to the improvement in HbA_1c?MethodsEach patient received a smartphone with an insulin dose advisor (IDA) and with (G3 group) or without (G2 group) the telemonitoring/teleconsultation function. Patients were classified as “high users” if the proportion of “informed” meals using the IDA exceeded 67% (median) and as “low users” if not. Also analyzed was the respective impact of the IDA function and teleconsultations on the final HbA_1c levels.ResultsAmong the high users, the proportion of informed meals remained stable from baseline to the end of the study 6 months later (from 78.1 ± 21.5% to 73.8 ± 25.1%; P = 0.107), but decreased in the low users (from 36.6 ± 29.4% to 26.7 ± 28.4%; P = 0.005). As expected, HbA_1c improved in high users from 8.7% [range: 8.3–9.2%] to 8.2% [range: 7.8–8.7%] in patients with (n = 26) vs without (n = 30) the benefit of telemonitoring/teleconsultation (−0.49 ± 0.60% vs −0.52 ± 0.73%, respectively; P = 0.879). However, although HbA_1c also improved in low users from 9.0% [8.5–10.1] to 8.5% [7.9–9.6], those receiving support via teleconsultation tended to show greater improvement than the others (−0.93 ± 0.97 vs −0.46 ± 1.05, respectively; P = 0.084).ConclusionThe Diabeo system improved glycaemic control in both high and low users who avidly used the IDA function, while the greatest improvement was seen in the low users who had the motivational support of teleconsultations.     

The Effect of Intradermal Botulinum Toxin a injections on painful diabetic polyneuropathy

Background and aimsBotulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) have been recently administered to improve Diabetic neuropathies; however, the efficacy of this treatment for relieving pain in painful diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) has not been studied yet. Herein, we investigated the efficacy of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) on DPN.MethodsThis prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was performed in Imam Hossein Medical Center, pain clinic (Tehran, Iran). Diabetic patients (141 cases), between 40 and 70 years old with polyneuropathy in lower limbs were randomly assigned to one of these three groups: 1. Group D1 received 150 units of BTX-A in one foot and normal saline 0.9% in the other foot, 2. Group D2 received BTX-A 150 units in both feet, 3. Group N received normal saline 0.9% in both feet. All injections were performed intradermally using insulin syringes in 20 different points of foot. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and neuropathy pain scale (NPS) were used to compare the groups.ResultsThe improvement of VAS, pain intensity, sharp and hot sensation, sensitive and unpleasant sensation, deep and surface sensation was significant when comparing BTX-A and placebo groups. However, dull and cold sensations improvement (p = 0.114, and p = 0.653; respectively) did not show a significant difference between BTX-A injection and placebo groups. Furthermore, the percentage of changes after treatment indicated that sharp pain was improved more than other complaints (80%, 81%, and 37% for D1, D2, and N groups; respectively).ConclusionIntradermal administration of BTX-A was effective in improving VAS and all of the items of NPS in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy, except for dull and cold sensation.     

Insulin‐derived amyloidosis without a palpable mass at the insulin injection site: A report of two cases

To date, almost all case reports of insulin‐derived amyloidosis described the presence of a subcutaneous mass that was observable on physical examination. This report presents two cases of insulin‐derived amyloidosis without palpable masses at insulin injection sites. In both cases, blood glucose concentrations improved, and the insulin dose could be reduced by an average of 45% after changing the insulin injection sites. The insulin absorption at the site was reduced to at most 40% of that at a normal site in one case. Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography were useful to screen and differentiate insulin‐derived amyloidosis without a palpable mass. This report showed that insulin‐derived amyloidosis without a palpable mass can be present at the insulin injection site, and has similar clinical effects to insulin‐derived amyloidosis with palpable masses.     

复方丹参注射液联合伽马刀治疗对原发性肝癌患者免疫功能的影响

目的:探索伽马刀联合复方丹参注射液治疗对原发性肝癌患者免疫系统的影响。方法:将行伽马刀治疗的40例原发性肝癌患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各20例。试验组患者采用伽马刀联合丹参注射液治疗;对照组患者仅单纯接受伽马刀治疗。治疗期间观察两组患者T细胞亚群及血清免疫球蛋白的变化。结果:在治疗前后,试验组患者CD^3+T细胞、CD4^+T细胞和CD4^+T/CD8^+T细胞比值及血清免疫球蛋白IgM、IgG、IgA水平均有所上升,与对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:伽马刀联合丹参注射液治疗能有效提高原发性肝癌患者免疫球蛋白水平,刺激CD^3+T细胞和CD4^+T细胞的增殖,抑制CD8^+T细胞的产生。