狭叶锦鸡儿根化学成分及抗肿瘤活性研究

采用硅胶柱色谱、sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、制备HPLC等多种色谱技术,从狭叶锦鸡儿(Caragana stenophylla)根80%乙醇提取物的二氯甲烷部位中分离得到14个单体化合物,依据理化性质及波谱数据分别鉴定为:2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxylphenyl)-3-methoxylbenzofuran-6-ol(1)、mucodianin C(2)、羟基二甲氧苯基苯并呋喃醇(isopterofuran,3)、芒柄花素(formononetin,4)、阿夫罗摩辛(afromosin,5)、毛蕊异黄酮(calycosin,6)、刺槐素(acacetin,7)、3-O-甲基山柰酚(3-O-methylkaempferol,8)、甘草素(liquiritigenin,9)、异甘草素(isoliquiritigenin,10)、variabilin(11)、白藜芦醇(resveratrol,12)、浙贝素(zhebeiresinol,13)、2,3-dicarboxy-6,7-dihydroxy-1-(3',4'-dihydroxy)-phenyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalen(14)。其中化合物1是新化合物(苯并呋喃衍生物类化合物),命名为mucodianin S,化合物2,3,11,13,14为首次从锦鸡儿属中分离得到,化合物4~10为首次从狭叶锦鸡儿中分离得到。采用MTT比色法对部分单体化合物进行体外抗肿瘤活性测试,实验结果表明化合物2对人类肿瘤细胞系Hep G2,He La具有显著的生长抑制活性,其IC50分别为(16.18±0.95),(3.75±0.08)μmol·L-1。     

黄花角蒿的化学成分研究

目的对黄花角蒿Incarvillea sinensis var.przewalskii全草的化学成分进行研究。方法采用正相硅胶、凝胶Sephadex LH-20以及半制备高效液相色谱等多种色谱技术进行分离纯化,运用NMR、MS等波谱学方法以及结合文献数据对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果从黄花角蒿全草80%乙醇水溶液提取物中分离得到13个化合物,包括生物碱和苯乙醇苷类化合物,其结构分别鉴定为对丁氧基红景天苷(1)、角蒿辛C(2)、角蒿酯碱(3)、7-羟基多花藤碱(4)、角蒿原碱(5)、苯乙醇葡萄糖苷(6)、地黄苷(7)、类叶升麻苷(8)、去酰基异角胡麻苷(9)、去咖啡酰基类叶升麻苷(10)、carceorioside B(11)、红景天苷(12)、去酰基类叶升麻苷二甲醚(13)。结论化合物1为新化合物,其他化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

水蒸气蒸馏法与微波辅助萃取法提取天胡荽挥发油的比较研究

目的 比较水蒸气蒸馏(HD)与微波辅助提取(MAHD)天胡荽挥发油的化学成分.方法 采用水蒸气蒸馏法、微波辅助提取天胡荽的挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪( GC - MS)对提取物的化学成分进行分析.结果 在微波辅助提取和水蒸气蒸馏提取所得挥发油中,分别鉴定出了43种和39种成分,各占总峰面积的94.88％和93.63％.结论 两种提取法得到的挥发油主要成分基本相同,相对含量上有较大差别,微波提取的挥发油成分种类较多,提取效率高.     

五子衍宗丸质量标准研究

目的建立五子衍宗丸的质量标准。方法采用薄层色谱法(thin-layer chromatography,TLC)对五子衍宗丸中的枸杞子、菟丝子和五味子进行定性鉴别;采用薄层扫描法测定五味子酯甲的含量。结果枸杞子、菟丝子和五味子的TLC特征斑点清晰,分离度好,阴性无干扰;五味子酯甲在0.250～1.004μg(r=0.999)范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系,平均加样回收率为100.96%,相对标准偏差为0.51%(n=6)。结论所建立的标准可用于五子衍宗丸的质量控制。     

Chemomodulatory Effect of Moringa Oleifera,Lam, on Hepatic Carcinogen Metabolising Enzymes,Antioxidant Parameters and Skin Papillomagenesis in Mice

The modulatory effects of a hydro-alchoholic extract of drumsticks of Moringa oliefera Lam at doses of 125 mg/ ‍kg bodyweight and 250 mg/ kg body weight for 7 and 14 days, respectively, were investigated with reference to drug ‍metabolising Phase I (Cytochrome b5 and Cytochrome P450 ) and Phase II (Glutathione-S- transferase) enzymes, ‍anti-oxidant enzymes, glutathione content and lipid peroxidation in the liver of 6-8 week old female Swiss albino ‍mice. Further, the chemopreventive efficacy of the extract was evaluated in a two stage model of 7,12 – ‍dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced skin papillomagenesis. Significant increase (p<0.05 to p<0.01) in the activities ‍of hepatic cytochrome b5, cytochrome P450, catalase, glutathione peroxidase ( GPx ), glutathione reductase (GR), acid ‍soluble sulfhydryl content (-SH ) and a significant decrease ( p<0.01 ) in the hepatic MDA level were observed at ‍both dose levels of treatment when compared with the control values. Glutathione-S- transferase ( GST )activity was ‍found to be significantly incr eased (p<0.01 ) only at the higher dose level. Butylated hydr oxyanisol (BHA ) fed at a ‍dose of 0.75% in the diet for 7 and 14 days (positive control ) caused a significant increase (p<0.05 to p<0.01) in the ‍levels of hepatic phase I and phase II enzymes, anti- oxidant enzymes, glutathione content and a decrease in lipid ‍peroxidation. The skin papillomagenesis studies demonstrated a significant decrease (p<0.05 ) in the percentage of ‍mice with papillomas, average number of papillomas per mouse and papillomas per papilloma bearing mouse when ‍the animals received a topical application of the extract at a dose of 5mg/ kg body weight in the peri-initiation phase ‍7 days before and 7 days after DMBA application, Group II ), promotional phase (from the day of croton oil application ‍and continued till the end of the experiment, Group III ) and both peri and post initiation stages (from 7 days prior ‍to DMBA application and continued till the end of the experiment, Group IV) compared to the control group (Group ‍I ). The percentage inhibition of tumor multiplicity has been recorded to be 27, 72, and 81 in Groups II, III, and IV, ‍respectively. These findings are suggestive of a possible chemopreventive potential of Moringa oliefera drumstick ‍extract against chemical carcinogenesis.     

皂角皂苷元化学成分研究

目的：研究皂角皂苷元的化学结构。方法：通过提取、完全水解、层析等方法,从皂角中获得2种皂苷元,制备系列衍生物并进行红外、核磁共振、质谱和晶体衍射等分析。结果：2种皂有皂苷元分别为3－羟基－12－齐墩果烯－28－酸和3,16－二羟基－12－齐墩果烯－28－酸。结论：首次确定了2种皂角皂苷元的化学结构和晶体结构。     

利用稻瘟霉模型筛选铁刀木生物活性成分

目的利用稻瘟霉生物活性筛选模型,筛选铁刀木中具有生物活性的化学成分。方法通过观察样品引起稻瘟霉分生孢子或菌丝形态生长异常或生长抑制的情况,确定铁刀木中具有生物活性的部位以及化学成分。结果确定了铁刀木树干乙醇粗提物的生物活性部位为二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯部位,其使稻瘟霉孢子菌丝体最小变形浓度(MMDC)分别为125、63μg·ml-1;筛选得到2个具有生物活性的化合物(CS2、CS7),其MMDC分别为63、31μg·ml-1。结论本模型首次用于铁刀木活性成分的追踪分离,应用本方法筛选天然药物活性成分,方便、快捷、成本低,显示了广阔的应用前景。     

水线草的化学成分研究

目的 研究茜草科耳草属植物水线草Hedyotis corymbosa的化学成分.方法 利用柱色谱、制备薄层色谱和重结晶进行分离纯化.通过波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构.结果 分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为(+)-lyo-niresinol-3a-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅰ)、槲皮素(quercetin,Ⅱ)、七叶内酯(esculetin,Ⅲ)、东莨菪内酯(scopoletin,Ⅳ)、耳草酮A(hedyotiscone A,Ⅴ)、对羟基苯甲酸(p-hydroxybenzoic acid,Ⅵ)、原儿茶酸(protocatechuic acid,Ⅶ)、香草酸(vanillic acid,Ⅷ)、丁香酸(syringie acid,Ⅸ)、(+)-催吐萝芙叶醇[(+)-vomifoliol,Ⅹ]、(-)-二氢催吐萝美叶醇[(-)-dihydrovomifoliol.Ⅺ]、S-(+)-去氢催吐萝芙叶醇[S-(+)-dehydrovomifoliol,Ⅻ]和茜素1-甲醚(aliza-rin 1-methyl ether,).结论 化合物Ⅰ～均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

The anti-diabetic properties of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam are mediated by the stimulation of glucose uptake in normal and diabetic adipocytes without inducing adipogenesis

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE: Guazuma ulmifolia Lam (Sterculiaceae) is a plant extensively used in México for the empirical treatment of type 2 diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the anti-diabetic mechanisms of Guazuma ulmifolia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Non-toxic concentrations of Guazuma ulmifolia aqueous extracts (GAE) were assayed on adipogenesis and 2-NBDglucose uptake in the murine 3T3-F442A preadipose cell line. RESULTS: GAE added to adipogenic medium (AM) did not affect adipogenesis at any of the tested concentrations (1-70 microg/ml), whereas in AM lacking insulin GAE 70 microg/ml induced triglyceride accumulation by 23%. On the other hand, GAE 70 microg/ml stimulated 2-NBDG uptake by 40% in insulin-sensitive 3T3-F442A adipocytes and by 24% in insulin-resistant adipocytes, with respect to the incorporation showed by insulin-sensitive adipocytes stimulated with the hormone. CONCLUSION: Guazuma ulmifolia exerts its anti-diabetic effects by stimulating glucose uptake in both insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant adipocytes without inducing adipogenesis.     

菟丝子黄酮对应激大鼠卵巢内分泌的影响

目的 观察菟丝子黄酮对心理应激引起卵巢内分泌功能降低的调节作用。方法 采用声－光－电复合应激刺激制造大鼠卵巢内分泌功能降低模型，观察菟丝子黄酮对横型大鼠血清E2，P水平，肾上腺抗坏血酸含量以及垂体、卵巢、子宫重量的影响。结果 菟丝子黄酮明显提高模型大鼠血清E2，P水平，增加垂体、卵巢、子宫的重量，但对肾上腺抗坏血酸含量没有明显的影响。结论 菟丝子黄酮能够明显改善卵巢内分泌功能。