Morphological analysis of renal cell culture models of calcium phosphate stone formation

Cell culture models of calcium phosphate renal stone formation were established using the MDCK cell line. Renal microliths were detected within pseudocysts in three-dimensional soft agar cultures, and were also observed in the basal region of cells lining the cell sheet, and immediately beneath domes or blisters in monolayers and collagen gel cultures. Light and scanning electron microscopy indicated that these microliths had a similar lamellated and spherical appearance to those in humans. These microliths were first detected microscopically after 21 days of culture, and were found to be composed of calcium phosphate by X-ray and microinfrared spectroscopic analyses. These culture models may provide a powerful new tool to study the pathogenesis of renal stone diseases and/or calcium phosphate stone formation in humans and animals.     

Expression of the cell surface antigen detected by the monoclonal antibody A7 in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines

In a previous study, we used a murine monoclonal antibody, A7, against human colon carcinoma as a drug-carrier to treat colorectal cancer.¹ In the present study, we found that MAb A7 also reacted immunohistochemically with 73% of human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, with the A7 antigen mainly being detected on the cell surface. However, the A7 antigen was found in only 9% of the spent media of these human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines by ELISA. On the other hand, the positive incidence of CA19-9, POA, ferritin, CEA, DU-PAN-2 and SLX in those spent media was 100%, 64%, 64%, 55%, 55% and 36%, respectively. These results suggest that the A7 antigen may only rarely be shed into the sera of pancreatic cancer patients, in which case MAb A7 could be a suitable drug-carrier in targeting chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer patients.     

强酸和强碱中和过程的PH控制

讨论了强酸、强碱中和过程ＰＨ控制方案。以０．９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＮａｏＨ中和０．９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＨＮＯ３，流量增量为０．１－０．３ｋｇ／ｍｉｎ，用模糊控制将ＰＨ控制在各要求的值上，ΔｐＨ≤０．２，获得满意的结果。     

氯化锂对K562白血病细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 :研究氯化锂 (LiCl)在体外对K5 6 2白血病细胞增殖及凋亡的影响。方法 :采用液体培养试验 ,四唑盐 (MTT)比色试验 ,集落培养试验为指标观察LiCl对K5 6 2细胞增殖的影响 ,采用DNA片段凝胶电泳及细胞形态学改变为指标检测细胞凋亡。结果 :①不同浓度的LiCl(10～ 5 0mmol/L)对K5 6 2细胞具有抑制增殖的作用 ,这种增殖抑制作用呈剂量依赖关系。②在LiCl(30mmol/L)作用下 ,K5 6 2细胞形态学上可见凋亡细胞 ,且DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳谱可见“梯形带”(DNAladder)。结论 :LiCl能抑制K5 6 2白血病细胞增殖和诱导其凋亡。     

Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus-1-positive Cell Line Established from a Patient with Small Cell Lung Cancer

A stable cell line, KHM-3S, was established from a patient with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), who had a high serum level of soluble interleukin 2 receptors (sIL2-R) and was seropositive for human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-l. KHM-3S cells were positive for IL2-R (Tac) and NKH-1, but negative for other lymphocytic markers such as OKT 11, OKT 4, OKT 8, T cell receptor (WT 31), B 1, and B 4. Moreover, the KHM-3S cells were negative for leukocyte common antigen and strongly positive for neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Secretion of sIL2-R and NSE by the KHM-3S line was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Rearrangement of the T cell receptor gene and monoclonal HTLV-1 integration were found by Southern blot analysis of KHM-3S DNA. However, Northern blot analysis showed no T cell receptor mRNA. KHM-3S may be useful for studies on the role of HTLV-1 in carcinogenesis and IL2-R expression in SCLC.     

生长抑素受体亚型在人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2中表达

背景与目的：生长抑素受体（somatostatin receptor SSTR）在许多肿瘤组织均有表达，为生长抑素类似物如奥曲肽用于这些肿瘤的治疗提供了生物学基础，但对生长抑素受体在鼻咽癌中表达情况的研究甚少。本研究旨在了解生长抑素受体基因在鼻咽癌细胞中的表达情况，为生长抑素类似物用于鼻咽癌治疗的进一步研究提供试验基础。方法：采用RT—PCR法和SP免疫组化法联合检测体外培养的人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2的SSTRs表达，并对PCR mRNA产物测序以鉴定结果。结果：RT—PCR提示人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2分别表达生长抑素受体亚型SSTR1、SSTR2、SSTR4；免疫组化结果：人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2表达SSTR1、SSTR2A为强阳性（〉60％），表达SSTR4为弱阳性、SSTR2介于两者之间、SSTR3和SSTR5则无表达。结论：我们的研究证实人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2有多种生长抑素受体亚型基因表达，且以表达SSTR1、SSTR2较多。     

横窦和窦汇的浅表解剖学标志

目的为神经外科手术准确定位横窦的下缘和窦汇确定出一个可靠的浅表解剖学标志。方法对10例经10%甲醛溶液固定的尸头标本进行逐步解剖,测量各相关解剖结构到横窦下缘的距离。结果实验所收集的数据表明在定位横窦下缘和窦汇时,上项线及枕外隆凸尖不是一个可靠的浅表解剖学标志。而以半脊肌附着点作为浅表解剖学标志比以上项线作为浅表解剖标志更准确、可靠。本组10例标本中,无1例的半脊肌附着点超过横窦下部边界3mm,并且它可以作为一个可靠的浅表解剖学标志用以定位接近中线部分的横窦。结论这些发现可以帮助神经外科医生在治疗后颅窝和颅颈接合处病变而进行的各种中线入路手术时更准确的定位横窦。     

支气管动脉灌注化疗联合直线加速器放射治疗Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌

目的　研究支气管动脉灌注化疗联合直线加速器放射治疗Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)的可行性及临床价值。方法　 76例NSCLC患者随机分成A、B 2组 ,A组先行 2次支气管动脉灌注化疗 (BAI) ,第 2次BAI 1～ 2周后再行直线加速器放射治疗 (RT) ;B组单纯行 2次BAI (对照组 )。结果　临床疗效 ,A组 (BAI RT)和B组 (BAI)分别为 89.47%和 60 .5 3% (Ρ <0 .0 1) ;1、3年生存率 ,A、B组分别为 81.5 8%、5 0 .0 0 %和 60 .5 3%、2 1.0 5 % ( 0 .0 1<Ρ <0 .0 5 )。结论　支气管动脉灌注化疗联合直线加速器放射治疗Ⅲa期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效和患者 1、3年生存率均显著提高     

Characterization of high-affinity receptors for bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide on the human prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU-145: Internalization of receptor bound 125I-(Tyr4) bombesin by tumor cells

Specific receptors for bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) on the androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU-145 were characterized. No specific binding of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin to the androgen-dependent human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP was detectable. The binding of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin to PC-3 and DU-145 cells was found to be time- and temperature-dependent, saturable, and reversible. Scatchard analysis revealed a single class of binding sites with high affinity (K_d 9.8 × 10^?11 M for PC-3, and 9.1 × 10-¹¹ M for DU-145 cells at 25°C) and with a binding capacity of 44,000 binding sites/cell and 19,000 binding sites/cell, respectively. Bound ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin was rapidly internalized by PC-3 cells. The nonhydrolyzable GTP analog GTP-gamma-S caused a dose-dependent inhibition of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin binding to PC-3 and DU-145 cells, indicating that a G-protein (guanine nucleotide-binding protein) couples the bombesin receptor to intracellular effector systems. Bombesin and GRP(14-27) inhibited the binding of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin to both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner with inhibition constants (K_i of 0.5 nM and 0.4 nM, respectively. Both cell lines express the bombesin/GRP preferring bombesin receptor subtype, since, in displacement studies, neuromedin B was more than 200 times less potent than bombesin and GRP(14-27) in inhibiting the binding of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin. Two synthetic bombesin/GRP antagonists, RC-3095 and RC-3110, powerfully inhibited the specific binding of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin with K_i 0.92 nM and 0.26 nM on PC-3 cells, and 3.3 nM and 0.89 nM on DU-145 cells, respectively. These findings indicate that the PC-3 and DU-145 human prostate cancer cell lines possess specific high-affinity receptors for bombesin/GRP, and are suitable models for the evaluation of the antineoplastic activity of new bombesin/GRP antagonists in the treatment of androgen-independent prostate cancer. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

抗CD44单克隆抗体A3D8对人白血病细胞系HL-60细胞增殖及分化的影响

目的 探讨抗CD44单克隆抗体A3D8对HL-60细胞增殖及分化的影响，寻找急性髓系白血病(AML)治疗的新靶点。方法 以AML细胞株HL-60为模型，通过观察细胞生长、形态学、表面分化抗原、细胞周期和细胞因子表达，以及应用硝基四氮唑蓝(NBT)还原实验来研究抗CD44单克隆抗体A3D8对细胞增殖及分化的影响。结果 HL-60细胞高表达CD44；A3D8以浓度和时间依赖性方式抑制HL-60细胞生长。A3D8使HL-60细胞周期阻滞在G0／G1期，CD11b、CD14表面抗原阳性率明显增高，细胞体积增大，核／浆比例减小，核染色质聚集，NBT还原实验阴性，细胞表达粒细胞集落刺激因子mRNA，呈现向单核细胞系方向分化。结论 A3D8可抑制HL-60细胞增殖，并诱导其向单核系细胞分化，CD44有可能成为AML治疗的新途径。