茯苓抗衰、养生与美容作用诠析

茯苓是一味常用的抗衰老、养生与美容中药之一,就茯苓的相关作用机制进行了诠析。认为,茯苓通过健脾与渗湿作用达到抗衰老、养生与美容的目的。深入研究茯苓的抗衰老机制及其养生与美容作用,在当前关注养生与美容的今天,具有十分重要的意义。     

Primary cutaneous diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma,leg‐type,treated with a modified R‐CHOP immunochemotherapy – diagnostic and therapeutic challenges

Background: Primary cutaneous diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (PCLBCL) represents a rare subtype among primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma exhibiting a characteristic genetic background, an aggressive clinical course and a high relapse rate under different therapeutic regimen. Therefore, PCLBCL has a rather restricted prognosis. Patients and methods: Four patients with PCLBCL were treated at our institution with age‐ and toxicity‐adapted first‐line immunochemotherapy with rituximab and modified CHOP (cyclophosphamid, vincristin, liposomal doxorubicin, prednisolon). On relapse, the same regimen with R‐CHOP or different antineoplastic strategies (radiation, polychemotherapy, immunotherapy, stem cell transplantation) were applied. Toxicity, clinical response and overall survival was documented. Results: Under this regimen, clinical response to modified R‐CHOP was achieved in all patients with tolerable toxicity – however, being characterized by a rapid disease progression with inconsistent response towards the subsequent therapeutic armentarium and unsecure impact on overall survival. Conclusions: So far, it is still unknown, if an extensive multimodal therapy for PBLBCL improves overall survival. Immunochemotherapy with R‐CHOP currently represents the most effective treatment.     

Long‐term efficacy and safety of ranibizumab administered pro re nata in Japanese patients with neovascular age‐related macular degeneration in the EXTEND‐I study

Purpose: To evaluate the long‐term efficacy and safety of ranibizumab administered pro re nata (PRN) in Japanese patients with choroidal neovascularization secondary to age‐related macular degeneration during the extension phase of the EXTEND‐I study. Methods: EXTEND‐I, an open‐label, multicenter, Phase I/II study comprised: a single‐injection (Group A); a multiple‐injection (Groups A and B; the latter consisted of patients who did not participate in the single‐injection phase); and an extension phase. In the extension phase, a PRN regimen of ranibizumab (0.3 or 0.5 mg) guided by monthly best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) score and other ophthalmic examinations was employed. The efficacy variables included the mean BCVA change from Month 12 to the last visit in Group B. Safety was assessed in all patients. Results: In the extension phase, efficacy was assessed only in Group B patients. The number of ranibizumab injections per year in the 0.3 and 0.5 mg Group B patients was 4.19 and 4.27, respectively. The mean BCVA change (SD) from Month 12 to the last visit was ?3.6 (14.82) letters for 0.3 mg (n = 28) and ?2.2 (7.92) letters for 0.5 mg groups (n = 33) in Group B. Conjunctival haemorrhage and nasopharyngitis were the most commonly reported adverse events. Of the 13 serious adverse events reported, cerebral infarction (two incidences) was suspected to be study‐drug related. Conclusions: Pro re nata regimen of ranibizumab guided by monthly BCVA and other ophthalmic examinations appears effective in sustaining the BCVA gained with 12 monthly injections while reducing the number of injections during the extension phase. Ranibizumab was well tolerated during the extension phase.     

CHOPE方案治疗侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)40例

目的：观察CHOPE方案治疗侵袭性NHL的近期疗效。方法：80例侵袭性NHL患者，分成对照组与治疗组，每组各40例，对照组为CHOP方案：CTX 750mg／m^2静脉注射，d1；VCR1．4mg／m^2，静脉注射，d1；ADM 40mg／m^2，静脉注射，d1；强的松100mg／d，d1～5。治疗组为CHOPE方案：CHOP（同对照组）＋VP-16 100mg／d，静脉滴注，d1～3 21天为1个周期，完成2个周期以上者做疗效评价。结果：治疗组40例患者中，CR21例，PR12例．NC4例．PD3例，总有效率（CR＋PR）为82．5％。结论：CHOPE方案治疗侵袭性NHL的近期疗效满意，不良反应可耐受。     

CHOP和CHOEP方案治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床观察

观察2周CHOP（环磷酰胺＋阿霉素＋长春新碱＋强的松）方案和CHOEP方案治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤（Non-Hodgkin’slymphoma,NHL）的有效性和毒副反应。将51例NHL患者随机分3组,分别采用标准CHOP、CHOEP和CHOP-14方案治疗并观察疗效和毒副反应。51例中CR29例,PR16例,总有效率（OR）88.2%（CR＋PR）,各组的CR和OR分别为50.0%和85.0%（CHOP）,56.0%和87.5%（CHOEP）,66.7%和93.3%（CHOP-14）。CHOEP和CHOP-14对NHL的疗效比标准CHOP有提高的趋势,但各组之间CR和OR差异无统计学意义,各组之间毒副反应相似。CHOEP和CHOP-14均可作为NHL安全有效的化疗方案。     

TP方案治疗NP方案化疗失败的非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的评价NP方案化疗后进展的晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）应用TP方案化疗的疗效和毒副反应。方法34例NSCLC均曾接受过NP方案化疗2周期，出现病情进展后接受TP方案化疗，紫杉醇135mg／m^2，d1，顺铂20mg／m^2，d1-4，21d为1周期，完成2周期评价疗效，观察毒副反应。结果34例中CR0例，PR3例（8．82％），SD6例（17．65％），PD25例（73．53％），总有效率为8．82％。主要毒副反应是骨髓抑制和胃肠道反应。结论TP方案对NP方案化疗失败的晚期NSCLC有一定疗效，但有效率较低，提示有交叉耐药性。     

小儿急性上呼吸道感染3种治疗方案的成本-效果分析

目的:评价3种用药方案治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的成本-效果。方法:将96例患儿随机分成3组,A组(34例)给予莪术油治疗,B组(32例)给予双黄连治疗、C组(30例)给予银黄清治疗,观察其疗效并进行成本-效果分析。结果:3组成本分别为61.50元、80.40元、18.00元,总有效率分别为73.53%、96.88%、86.67%,成本-效果比分别为0.84、0.83、0.21,A、B组相对于C组的增量成本-效果比分别为-3.31、6.11。结论:C组方案是小儿急性上呼吸道感染的最佳治疗方案。     

内质网应激介导的细胞凋亡途径及新靶点药物

 目的综述内质网应激介导的细胞凋亡信号转导途径,以及以各条途径中所涉及的关键酶为新靶点开发研制药物的进展情况。方法着重以近几年国外该领域有代表性的文献为依据,进行分析、归纳、总结。结果与结论Caspase,C/EBP homologous prote in(CHOP),Bc l-2,凋亡信号调节激酶(ASK1)等酶在内质网应激介导的细胞凋亡的信号转导途径中发挥着非常重要的作用,针对这些酶所设计的抑制剂或激活剂,可以抑制或促进细胞的凋亡,从而达到治疗相关疾病的目的。