桂枝茯苓胶囊治疗盆腔囊性占位6例

盆腔囊性占位以往大都认为来自附件，后经手术证实，有相当大一部分来自腹膜、肠系膜、阔韧带、圆韧带等而非附件，这些囊性占位有的能自行吸收而消失，有的则不能自行吸收，因此较大的（直径〉5cm）多采用手术治疗，较小的可以定期复查，一部分患者则因害怕手术而转为药物治疗。     

^1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy screening for animals with acute cerebral infraction suitable forthrombolytic therapy

BACKGROUND: As a non-invasive technique which can provide comprehensive biological information, 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) may provide valuable reference data for irreversible recovery or reversible changes in ischemic tissue after stroke. OBJECTIVE: To monitor and evaluate the effect of the urokinase thrombolytic therapy after experimental acute cerebral ischemia by 1H-MRS technology and investigate its adaptability. DESIGN: Randomly controlled animal study. SETTINGS: Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University and National Key Laboratory of Pattern and Atom & Molecular Physics, Wuhan Physics and Mathematics Institute, Chinese Academy of Science. MATERIALS: Eleven healthy adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 260–300 g and of both genders, were supplied by Experimental Animal Center of Tongji Medical Collage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology [SCXK (e) 2004-007]. 4.7T superconducting nuclear magnetic resonance meter was provided by Brucker Company. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University and National Key Laboratory of Pattern and Atom & Molecular Physics, Wuhan Physics and Mathematics Institute, Chinese Academy of Science from August 2003 to December 2005. ① The rats were randomly divided into 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group (n =6) and 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group (n =5). Six rats in 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group were occluded with clot embolus for 30 minutes and 5 rats in 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group were occluded for 60 minutes. 10 000 U/kg urokinase was dissolved in 2 mL saline and the operation lasted for 5 minutes. ② 1H-MRS was performed before thrombolysis and at 3 hours and 24 hours after successful embolization. The metabolic changes of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA)/phosphocreatine (PCr) + creatine (Cr), choline phosphate (Cho)/PCr+Cr and lactic acid (Lac)/PCr+Cr in the region of interests were analyzed. ③ The T2W image was conducted 24 hours after the thrombolytic therapy with TR=500 ms and TE=25 ms. ④ The subjects were sacrificed immediately after 1H-MRS and the brain tissues were cut into pieces and stained with HE method; in addition, pathological changes were observed under optic microscope. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Metabolic changes of NAA/PCr+Cr, Cho/PCr+Cr and Lac/PCr+Cr in the region of interests; ② T2W image at 24 hours after the thrombolysis; ③ pathological observation of brain tissue. RESULTS: Eleven rats were all involved in the final analysis. ① Metabolic changes in the region of interests : In 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group, the Lac peak emerged immediately after the embolism, but the ischemic zone decreased 3 hours after the thrombolytic therapy (0.252±0.01, 0.603±0.01, P < 0.01). Lac/(PCr+Cr) ratio was 0.290±0.01 at 24 hours after thrombolysis, which was higher than that at 3 hours after thrombolysis (P < 0.01). The NAA/ (PCr+Cr) ratio decreased significantly at 3 hours after the thrombolysis as compared with that before thrombolysis (0.922±0.16, 1.196±0.01, P < 0.05). In 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group, the Lac/(PCr+Cr) ratio was higher at 3 hours after thrombolysis than that before thrombolysis (0.846±0.12, 0.601±0.11, P < 0.05) and the NAA/(PCr+Cr) decreased at 3 hours after the embolism. Fluctuation of NAA/ (PCr+Cr) ranged from 0.68 to 0.75 before thrombolysis and from 0.71 to 0.75 at 3 hours after thrombolysis. ② T2W image: T2W image showed that 2 subjects in 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group whose Lac/NAA was higher than 0.7 suffered from intracranial hemorrhage. This meant that the subjects with Lac/NAA > 0.7 were more likely to suffer from intracranial hemorrhage. ③ Histological and morphological examinations: Optic microscope demonstrated that interspace surrounding nerve cells was widened at ischemic center; neurons were swelling; nucleus was stained lightly; pyknosis and mesenchymal edema were mainly observed in lateral cortex of brow and vertex and in lateral part of corpus striatum. CONCLUSION: ①Compound parameters in ischemic area before thrombolysis should be regarded as an important predicting marker for thrombolytic therapy, effect evaluation and termination. ② 1H-MRS combining with other imaging technique is a detecting way for screening cases who are suitable for thrombolytic therapy.     

启事

桂枝茯苓丸，出自《金匮要略》。由桂枝、茯苓、牡丹皮、芍药、桃仁组成。桂枝茯苓丸为活血化瘀之剂，用于治疗妇科癓病下血，瘀血痛经，产后恶露停滞，子宫肌瘤，宫外孕等病症。笔者以该方为基础．临证加减，治疗心血管病中冠心病心绞痛、风心病房颤伴血栓及下肢深静脉血栓，疗效满意。现介绍如下。     

市售三厂家18种复方氨基酸注射液的质量评价

目的对市售3厂家(A、B和E)共9批18种复方氨基酸注射液进行质量比较。方法参考国内外同类产品质量标准,从澄明度、透光率、性状、pH值、不溶性微粒、抗氧剂量、细菌内毒素和含量等方面进行比较。结果外观均为无色澄明液体,430nm波长处透光率均大于99%,pH在5.42～6.61间;A、B、E3厂不溶性微粒≥10、≥25μm的粒子数分别为1.41、0.32,0.83、0.21和1.55、0.56个/ml;抗氧剂的量分别为<33、近330和>500mg/L;细菌内毒素检查与含量测定符合中国药典及国家标准要求。结论不同厂家的产品质量确实存在一定的差异。     

妊娠呕吐用下法验案1则

许某,女,32岁.2003年7月3日就诊于中医学院门诊某妇科专家,诊治记录如下:于10年前顺产一女婴.现怀孕2个月,乍热乍寒,全身乏力,体瘦,纳差,食入即吐,时有吐酸水、苦水,舌淡红苔薄白微腻,脉细弱.处方:橘皮10 g,竹茹12 g,制半夏6 g,麦冬10 g,白芍12 g,太子参30 g,紫苏叶10 g,乌梅10 g,炙杷叶10 g,黄芪12 g,炒白术10 g,黄芩10 g,砂仁(后下)6 g.     

《伤寒论》升降理论临床应用体会

振奋心阳，平水气上冲之急。《伤寒论》65条云：“发汗后，其人脐下悸者，欲作奔豚，茯苓桂枝甘草大枣汤主之。”欲作奔豚，言其将作未作之势，乃由汗后虚其心阳，水火失济，水停下焦，复有随冲气上逆之势。方中桂枝振奋心阳于其上，重用茯苓泻肾邪于其下，共起温化寒水的作用，又以甘草大枣培运中土，俾水邪得以分化，不致泛滥成灾。振阳于上，泻邪于下，调和于中，使升降如常，冲逆得除。