华北油田新婚前后妇女紧急避孕的意愿与实践

目的了解华北油田新婚前后妇女的紧急避孕知识情况.方法通过对1 478名新婚前后妇女的问卷调查,分析此阶段妇女对紧急避孕方法的认知、意愿、使用及知识来源情况.结果30.6%的妇女知道紧急避孕法,14.7%的妇女使用过紧急事后避孕方法,95.6%的妇女认为应加强紧急避孕知识的宣传教育,紧急避孕知识的获得主要来源于计划生育工作者.结论新婚前后妇女大多缺乏正确的避孕知识,对紧急避孕的需求很大.计划生育部门和医院的指导与服务在紧急避孕知识的宣教中应起重要作用.     

基因枪介导人精子顶体膜相关蛋白32基因疫苗在小鼠骨骼肌中的表达

目的:观察pcDNA3.1( )-人精子顶体膜相关蛋白32(hSAMP32)基因疫苗经基因枪介导肌肉接种后在小鼠体内的表达.方法:BALB/c雌性小鼠6只,实验组鼠(4只)经后腿股内侧肌以基因枪多点注射重组质粒pcDNA3.1( )-hSAMP32 5μg,空载体对照组(1只)注射pcDNA3.1( )载体5 μg,空白对照组(1只)注射无菌生理盐水200μl.接种后第7 d取小鼠股内侧肌注射部位肌肉,RT-PCR和原位杂交法检测目的基因mRNA的表达,以自制抗血清进行免疫组织化学染色检测目的基因蛋白的表达.取小鼠心、肝、脾、脑、肾、胚胎组织,PCR扩增,行基因疫苗的安全性检测.结果:RT-PCR和原位杂交检测结果显示实验组小鼠注射部位肌肉组织有目的基因及其蛋白的表达,对照组未见表达.实验组小鼠心、肝、脾、脑、肾、胚胎的基因组DNA均未扩增出目的基因条带,说明外源性基因没有整合到宿主染色体.结论:该基因疫苗可在小鼠骨骼肌内有效、安全地表达.     

Interference with the formation of the epididymal microenvironment-a new strategy for male contraception？

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) or the small conductance cAMP-activated chloride channel encoded by the CFTR gene has been shown to play an important role in the formation of the epididymal fluid microenvironment. Recent work in our laboratory has shown that this protein is also expressed by developing germ cells indicating a role of this protein in spermatogenesis. In view of the fact that the CFTR gene has a far reaching and widespread effect on human reproduction, understanding the role of CFTR in the male reproductive tissues and its intervention by pharmacological agents can open a new avenue of research into the development of novel male contraceptives. ( Asian J Androl 2000 ; 2 : 39 - 45 )     

生物陶瓷宫内节育器对大鼠避孕效果及局部影响的初步研究

目的:研究新材料氧化铝陶瓷宫内节育器（IUD）对大鼠的避孕效果和对子宫局部的影响。方法:实验分四组:1.生物陶瓷IUD组;2.不锈钢IUD组;3.假手术对照组;4.正常对照组。结果:生物陶瓷组有很强的抗生育作用,受孕率为0,且生物陶瓷IUD组子宫内膜早期（30d）有轻度炎性反应与不锈钢组无差异,60d时炎症反应比不锈钢IUD组轻。结论:生物陶瓷材料具有良好的生物相容性和抗生育效果,生物陶瓷IUD有可能成为安全性能更好的宫内节育器。     

一种多价精子抗原表位肽的设计与合成

目的 :开发可供两性使用的多价合成嵌合肽疫苗。方法 :选择小鼠精子 /睾丸特异性抗原 SP1 7、Cyritestin中特异性氨基酸序列与牛核糖核酸酶非限制性 T细胞表位作为骨架 ,按一定连接方式设计、合成新抗原 3 5肽 ,并与等量弗氏佐剂混悬后免疫雌性 BALB/c小鼠。结果 :在 43 0 A固相自动肽合成仪上成功地合成了 3 5肽 ,并经 HPLC纯化、质谱鉴定证实其纯度达 95 %以上 ;新抗原免疫小鼠后获得的特异性抗血清可识别小鼠、大鼠及人睾丸组织蛋白提取物中相应分子量的蛋白质 ,且血清中特异性 Ig G抗体滴度最高达 1∶ 6 0 0 0 ,阴道粘膜冲洗液中特异性 Ig A抗体滴度最高达 1∶ 3 0 0。结论 :由含有两种特异性精子抗原、具有特异性氨基酸序列的新抗原所制备的抗血清可识别两种天然抗原 ,并在小鼠体内激发出较理想的特异性体液免疫 ,从而为研制适宜于两性的多价抗生育疫苗提供了实验基础     

关于湛江中心医院1000例人工流产妇女的调研分析

目的调查人工流产妇女的各种可能原因,为降低居高不下的人工流产水平提供依据。方法设计调查问卷,对1000例人工流产妇女各种人口学及相关行为分布进行统计分析,整理得到相关资料。结果人工流产妇女年龄构成较低,未婚占相当比重。结论应大力开展生殖健康工作,以保护育龄妇女身心健康。     

Menstruation: choosing whether...and when

For many women in the United States, menstruation is a major health concern because menstrual disorders and other conditions that may be aggravated during menses (e.g., migraine headaches, epilepsy) carry substantial morbidity. Women today menstruate nearly 3 times as often as in primitive societies, and evidence suggests that frequent, repetitive menstrual cycles may increase health risks. Because the conventional 21/7 combination oral contraceptive (OC) regimen provides only limited relief for women with menstrual disorders, alternative OC regimens that reduce menstrual frequency have been proposed. A new OC formulation specifically designed to decrease menstrual bleeding to 4 times per year is currently under investigation. Most women welcome less frequent menses or even amenorrhea. Women who may derive particular benefit from reduced menstrual frequency include not only those with medical conditions directly caused or aggravated by menses, but also those serving in the military, female athletes, mentally-retarded women with menstrual hygiene problems, young teens, and perimenopausal women.     

Prevention of pregnancy resulting from rape: a neglected preventive health measure

Abstract: Pregnancy following rape is a continuing and significant public health issue. We estimate that the 333,000 sexual assaults and rapes reported in 1998, along with many more unreported, were responsible for 25,000 pregnancies. Potentially, as many as 22,000 such pregnancies could be prevented if all women who were raped received prompt medical services, and if not already protected against pregnancy, were provided with emergency contraceptive treatment.     

十一酸睾酮与棉酚合用对雄大鼠生育力的影响

本研究探讨十一酸睾酮(TU)与醋酸棉酚(G)序列使用对雄大鼠生育力的影响。SD 雄大鼠肌注TU 12mg/kg 共3次,9/10鼠生育力下降至零(P<0.001),附睾精子密度和活率明显下降(P<0.001);然后胃饲G 12mg/kg·d,每周6日,共3个月。使雄鼠可维持在不育状态,无论在注射TU 或胃饲G 期间,大鼠体重增长如常。停用棉酚3周后,10鼠中6只生育力恢复,停用5周后10鼠生育力全部恢复。二药合用可减少各自的用药量,因TU 所致睾丸体积缩小及单用棉酚引起的不良反应的均可有所减轻,为降低二药的副作用提供了一条可能的途径。     

Contraceptive Decision Making Among Medicaid-Eligible Women

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of sociodemographic factors, attitudes, knowledge, and experiences regarding the use of various contraceptive methods, future plans prenatally, and actual use postpartum among a population of low income pregnant women. Women were interviewed prenatally and during the postpartum period in a large, urban academic health center serving primarily an indigent population. The primary analytic method employed was logistic regression. The key finding in this study is that women are not consistently using the method of contraception postpartum that they planned during the prenatal period. Only 54.7% of the women planning to use oral contraceptive pills were using them postpartum, and only 31.3% of the women planning to use condoms were actually using them postpartum. Expanding contraceptive education and counseling throughout the perinatal period may assist women's decision making.