广州管圆线虫中间纤维蛋白的体外表达和初步免疫学鉴定

目的对广州管圆线虫中间纤维蛋白(intermediate filament,IF)基因进行体外表达、纯化、鉴定和抗原性质分析。方法将IF基因的重组表达载体pET-IF在大肠杆菌中表达,表达产物经组氨酸亲和层析纯化,SDS-PAGE鉴定蛋白质分子量,质谱分析氨基酸序列,生物信息学分析蛋白质结构,Western blot鉴定与人、大鼠和小鼠感染血清及人IgG4亚类的抗原反应性。结果SDS-PAGE、质谱分析和Western blot证明本研究获得的纯化蛋白为预期蛋白IF,其分子量为47.8kDa,肽指纹图谱与秀丽杆线虫IF蛋白家族具有高度同源性,并具有典型的IF结构特征,且IF结构的尾部存在抗原决定簇,融合蛋白IF能与大鼠感染血清、小鼠感染血清和患者血清IgG结合,也能与患者IgG4亚类结合。结论体外获得了抗原IF纯化蛋白,研究显示其可用于人类外周血检测并有助于检测现症感染和疗效考核。     

云南省广州管圆线虫病流行现状概述

整理分析1980年以来云南省有关广州管圆线虫病的文献资料,从广州管圆线虫的自然疫源地、中间宿主、终宿主以及人群发病等几个方面对云南省广州管圆线虫病的流行现状进行综述,为今后广州管圆线虫病的防治提供线索和依据。     

T-cell-dependent eosinophilia in the cerebrospinal fluid of the mouse infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis

Eosinophilia of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in permissive (rats) and non-permissive (mice) hosts infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis, and the possible mechanism of the eosinophilia were studied. In three strains of thymic mice (ICR, ddY and BALB/c), the infection provoked a marked CSF eosinophilia starting at around day 12, reaching a peak level at day 20 and maintaining significantly high levels until day 35. In contrast, in athymic nude mice of BALB/c strain the infection failed to evoke this eosinophilia, suggesting T-cell dependence of murine CSF eosinophilia. Humoral antibodies did not correlate with the induction of eosinophilia. A time-course study of worm recovery in the mouse brains indicated a gradual but consistent reduction in worm burden in accordance with the rapid rise in CSF eosinophil levels. Bone marrow eosinophilia occurred in mice at day 5, which preceded CSF eosinophilia. Jirds, a permissive but less susceptible host, developed a CSF eosinophilia with a peak level at day 17, but which declined rapidly following the peak. Permissive rat hosts developed significant peripheral and bone marrow eosinophilia at day 35 but their CSF eosinophilia was markedly less prominent than that of mice and jirds. These data clearly indicate that there are distinct differences in the mechanism of eosinophilia and eosinophilia-inducing factors between permissive and non-permissive hosts.     

三明市广州管圆线虫病疫源地调查

在三明市广州管圆线虫病疫源地,共采集水生螺962只,鼠粪18份,蛞蝓1只,其中福寿螺312只,感染率18.27%,鼠粪感染率22.22%,蛞蝓和其他水生螺未检出广州管圆线虫。调查表明,三明市属于广州管圆线虫病疫源地分布地区,福寿螺是主要的中间宿主。     

广州市部分高校广州管圆线虫的中间宿主东风螺感染情况调查

目的调查广州市内有代表性的一部分高等院校广州管圆线虫中间宿主东风螺的情况,了解其分布及广州管圆线虫的感染情况,为制订广州管圆线虫病的防治措施提供依据。方法对广州市中心地带的各区进行调查,每个区选取1～2所高校作为调查点,在野外鼠类活动较多的地方采集东风螺作为调查样本,利用消化法观察并统计其广州管圆线虫的感染率与感染度。结果5个区共8个调查点均发现有东风螺分布,除中山大学北校区与华南农业大学未发现东风螺感染广州管圆线虫外,其余调查点均收集到感染的东风螺。所有调查点共检查东风螺292只,广州管圆线虫的感染率为16．1％（47／292）,各地区感染率差异有统计学意义（X^2=186．4,P〈0．01）,平均感染度为410．6条／螺。结论广州管圆线虫的中间宿主东风螺在广州各高校分布依旧广泛,且大部分东风螺均不同程度地感染广州管圆线虫．但总体感染率和感染度相对有所下降。     

广州管圆线虫及广州管圆线虫病研究概况——对PubMed中相关文献的分析

广州管圆线虫是一种寄生于鼠肺动脉系统的蠕虫,人类是其非正常宿主,因生食含有广州管圆线虫III期幼虫的螺肉而感染。幼虫侵入人体后,进入中枢神经系统可引起嗜酸性粒细胞增高性脑膜炎、嗜酸性粒细胞增高性脑炎或眼部广州管圆线虫病。本综述通过对PubMed中有关广州管圆线虫及广州管圆线虫病的文献进行检索,着重分析了近10年来有关广州管圆线虫及广州管圆线虫病的研究概况,对广州管圆线虫病原学、致病机制、诊断技术、治疗药物及方案、流行病学和预防等方面进行了阐述。     

广州市番禺地区褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺广州管圆线虫感染情况调查

目的了解广州市番禺地区褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺广州管圆线虫感染情况。方法用人工胃液消化法对采集到的褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺进行处理,镜下观察和计数广州管圆线虫第3期幼虫,比较不同地区、不同螺种的感染率和感染度;将螺体内检获的幼虫感染健康SD大鼠并解剖,以验证之前的检查结果。结果共检测褐云玛瑙螺367只,福寿螺357只,其中褐云玛瑙螺广州管圆线虫感染率为22.62%,阳性螺感染度为57.00条/螺;福寿螺感染率为3.08%,阳性螺感染度为1.64条/螺。大岗、石碁、化龙、榄核4镇和南沙区褐云玛瑙螺广州管圆线虫感染率分别为13.33%、15.00%、20.93%、73.68%和8.41%,福寿螺感染率分别为5.88%、2.88%、1.89%、0%和3.96%。结论番禺地区褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺均存在广州管圆线虫感染,且以褐云玛瑙螺感染较为严重。不同调查区域间螺的感染情况亦存在一定差异。     

细叶石仙桃不同提取物体外抑菌作用的研究

目的研究细叶石仙桃醇提物不同萃取部位的体外抗菌活性。方法采用试管稀释法测定细叶石仙桃不同极性提取物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）,用琼脂扩散法测定其抑菌圈的大小。结果细叶石仙桃不同极性提取物对白假丝酵母菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、消化链球菌的抑制作用明显。细叶石仙桃提取物对革兰阳性菌和白假丝酵母菌MIC范围为80～120 mg/mL,对革兰阴性菌的MIC范围为100～160 mg/mL。正丁醇萃取部分抑菌活性最强。结论细叶石仙桃提取物在体外有较好的抗菌活性。     

广州管圆线虫性脑膜脑炎1例报告

报道1例临床罕见的广州管圆线虫感染性脑膜脑炎,并对其发病过程、临床特点、辅助检查结果及治疗情况进行了简要分析。     

Improvements of cognitive functions in mice heavily infected by Angiostrongylus cantonensis after treatment with albendazole,dexamethasone, or co-therapy

Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the causative agent of human eosinophilic meningitis and eosinophilic meningoencepalitis, has been reported to cause cognitive impairments in the host. To determine whether drug treatment improves the cognitive functions, BALB/c mice infected with 50 third-stage larvae were treated with albendazole, dexamethasone, or co-therapy since day 7 or 14 post-infection for one or two weeks. Abilities of spatial memory and learning of these animals were assessed with the Morris water maze.Our results showed that body weight was significant higher then infected group in the albendazole and combined therapy groups. Significantly lower worm recovery rates were found in mice treated with the same groups. The mice treated with dexamethasone since day 7 for 14 day had significant longer time in the remaining groups were found in forced swimming test. The animals treated with albendazole and combined therapy since day 7 for 14 days was demonstrated to have significantly shorter latencies to the platform in learning memory on day 3 and 4. Mice in these two groups were demonstrated to have significantly higher sores in spatial memory tests. These results indicate that treatment with albendazole or combined therapy may be more efficient in preventing brain damages and depression as well as preserving their capabilities in learning and memory. Therefore, administration of albendazole alone or combined with dexamethasone should have higher efficacies than dexamethasone alone in treatment of BALB/c mice infected with a heavy dose of 50 third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis.