Associations of self-reported and actigraphy-assessed sleep characteristics with body mass index and waist circumference in adults: moderation by gender

ObjectivesSelf-reported sleep duration has been linked to body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in previous work; however, data regarding if these associations are stronger in men or women have been mixed, and few studies have objectively measured sleep. We investigated self-reported and actigraphy-assessed sleep characteristics in relation to BMI and waist circumference and examined the extent to which these associations differ by gender.DesignArchived cross-sectional data collected from 2004 to 2006 from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) Biomarkers Study were used. Participants included 1248 adults (43% men) who reported their habitual sleep duration, and a subset of participants (N = 441; 40% men) who underwent seven nights of wrist actigraphy.ResultsSelf-reported total sleep time (TST), actigraphy-assessed TST, and actigraphy-assessed sleep efficiency (SE) were inversely associated with BMI in the full sample of both men and women. Gender moderated associations between actigraphy assessments of sleep and anthropometric variables; however, TST and SE were related to BMI and waist circumference in women only. Associations between sleep and waist circumference were independent of BMI.ConclusionsSleep duration and sleep continuity are associated with body weight and distribution of body fat, but these associations were stronger or were only present in women.     

Prevalence and Related Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Beijing,China (Year 2017)

ObjectiveMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the major public health problems worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of MetS in Beijing to formulate targeted policies.MethodsData from the 2017 Beijing Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance were used in this study, in which multistage stratified cluster sampling was adopted to collect a representative sample of 12,597 Beijing residents aged from 18 to 79 years. According to the definition of the International Diabetes Federation, the weighted prevalence of MetS and clustering of MetS components were estimated. The Rao-Scott adjusted χ² test was used to test differences in MetS and components rates, and complex sampling unconditional logistic regression was used to explore influencing factors of MetS.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS was 25.59% (95% CI 23.77–27.41), and the proportion of men and women was 30.53% (95% CI 28.32–32.75) and 20.44% (95% CI 18.29–22.58), respectively. The proportion of central obesity, high fasting plasma glucose, high triglyceride, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high blood pressure (BP) was 42.02, 27.96, 32.87, 27.25, and 43.06%, respectively. A total of 29.60% (95% CI 27.55–31.74) participants presented at least three components of MetS. The results from complex sampling unconditional logistic regression revealed that the risk factors for having MetS included being 45–59 years old, being 60–79 years old, being male, living in a rural area, education with junior middle school level, education with primary school or below level, harmful use of alcohol, inappropriate sleep time, and having an unhealthy waist-to-height ratio (WHtR); the OR values were 1.55 (95% CI 1.32–1.81), 1.94 (95% CI 1.62–2.31), 1.51 (95% CI 1.34–1.70), 1.27 (95% CI 1.06–1.52), 1.38 (95% CI 1.13–1.68), 1.44 (95% CI 1.13–1.84), 1.50 (95% CI 1.14–1.99), 1.23 (95% CI 1.10–1.37), and 238.20 (95% CI 92.54–613.12), respectively.ConclusionsThe prevalence of MetS is still in a rising trend in Beijing. Strategies aimed at prevention and control of high BP should be prioritized to reduce the occurrence of MetS. WHtR is more important to evaluate MetS. Health education and personalized lifestyle intervention should be promoted to keep a healthy WHtR and waist circumference. An appropriate sleep time should be kept, and harmful alcohol drinkers should limit or abstain from alcohol.     

Effect of Garcinia cambogia supplement on obesity indices: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

ObjectiveSeveral trials have examined the effect of Garcinia cambogia supplement on the weight and body composition, but their results are conflicting. This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis was designed to determine the effect of Garcinia cambogia supplement on the obesity indices in human randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsPubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane library, and Web of Science databases were searched up to 1^th January, 2020, to screen relevant trials. The mean changes in the weight, body mass index (BMI), percentage of fat mass (PFM), and waist circumference (WC) from the baseline were used to conduct the present dose response meta-analysis.ResultsIn the current study, eight trials (including 530 subjects) were included. Garcinia cambogia supplement significantly reduced the weight by -1.34 kg (95% CI: -2.62 to -0.07, P = 0.03), BMI by -0.99 kg/m² (95% CI: -1.48 to -0.49, P < 0.001), PFM by -0.42% (95% CI: -0.77 to -0.06, P = 0.02), and WC by -4.16 cm (95% CI: -7.83 to -0.49, P = 0.02) compared with the placebo group. Dose-response analysis revealed that there is a nonlinear association between Garcinia cambogia dosage and changes in the body weight (P_nonlinearity = 0.04) and BMI (P_nonlinearity < 0.001) not PFM (P_nonlinearity = 0.68). There was no publication bias among the studies.ConclusionOur results suggested that Garcinia cambogia supplement had a significant effect on the body weight, BMI, PFA, and WC as compared with the placebo.     

3～6岁肥胖和正常体重儿童血压、体围及皮褶厚度对比分析

目的:了解3~6岁肥胖儿童与正常体重儿童在血压、体围和皮褶厚度等生理指标的差异,旨在了解肥胖对学龄前儿童健康的损害。方法:采用病例对照的方法对全国11个城市的6051名3~6岁儿童进行研究。对研究对象进行体重、身高、血压、腰围、臀围和皮褶厚度测量,使用2006年世界卫生组织颁布的身高标准体重值标准作为肥胖筛查标准。结果:肥胖组儿童体重、身长、血压、腰围、臀围和皮褶厚度均明显高于正常体重组儿童,肥胖儿童中收缩压偏高、舒张压偏高和腰臀比大于1的比例分别为28·3%、23·2%和17·1%,而正常体重儿童中该比例分别为6·0%、4·7%和7·0%。结论:在3~6岁这一年龄段,肥胖已表现出对儿童心血管健康的损害。     

不同体重指数和腰臀比人群高血压患病率调查及健康教育对策

目的:探讨体重指数(BMI)和腰臀比(WHR)对人群高血压患病率的影响。并对超重、肥胖及中心性肥胖高血压患者实施健康教育行为指导。方法:对本社区30~69岁居民612人进行BMI、WHR、血压测定及问卷调查。结果和结论:BMI、WHR均正常组的高血压患病率最低,超重、肥胖组及、超重肥胖中心性肥胖组的高血压患病率与正常组之间差异有高度显著性意义。超重肥胖组于超重肥胖中心性肥胖之间高血压患病率差异已有显著性意义。     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者腰臀比测量的意义

目的：研究非酒精性脂防性肝病（NAFLD）各危险因素中腰臀比（WHR）测量的意义。方法：对象来自本院体检中心，入选标准为体重指数（BMI）在25～29．9之间，无酗酒史，乙型肝炎病毒标志物阴性，无糖尿病史的患者。81例符合标准者中，59例患者为NAFLD组，22例健康人为对照组。结果：以性别、年龄、BMI、WHR、血清胆固醇、三酰甘油、胰岛素敏感指数为自变量，NAFLD为应变量，进行二价多元logistic回归分析显示，性别、年龄、MBI、胆固醇、三酰甘油对NAFLD的发病无影响。WHR和胰岛素敏感指数均为NAFLD的独立影响因素（P=0．01和P=0．069）。结论：在BMI匹配的轻度肥胖非糖尿病患者个体中，WHR是NAFLD的独立影响因子。     

体重指数和腰围预测血脂变化的价值

目的了解体脂参数与血脂参数的关系,比较体重指数(BMI)与腰围(WC)在预测血脂变化中的价值。方法对常规体检的空腹血糖<5.6mmol/L的公务员和职员1072例调查年龄、性别、BMI、WC、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和TC/HDL-C比值。结果①BMI、WC与TG、TC、LDL-C或TC/HDL-C比值呈正相关(相关系数在0.209～0.485之间,均P<0.01),与HDL-C呈负相关(相关系数为―0.344和―0.441,均P<0.01);②以TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C或TC/HDL-C比值为应变量,以年龄、性别、BMI和WC为自变量进行多元逐步回归分析,WC进入而BMI未进入TC、LDL-C或HDL-C的回归方程,BMI和WC均进入TG或TC/HDL-C比值回归方程,但WC的标准化回归系数大于BMI。结论在预测血脂参数的变化WC优于BMI。     

农村居民高血压与体质指数、腰臀比关系的研究

目的 了解农村居民高血压患病与超重和肥胖的关系。方法 对英德市371名18—69岁农村居民进行分层随机抽样。结果 调查人群中，男女超重及肥胖差异无显著性。男性高血压患病率高于女性，差异有显著性（χ^2=6．36，P〈0．01）；在体重指数正常及超常时男女高血压患病差异无显著性；腰臀比在正常和超常状态，对男性高血压无显著性影响（χ^2=0．30，P〉o．05），但对女性高血压有显著性影响（χ^2=11．50，P〈0．01）。结论 体重指数超常时，对高血压影响不大；而腰臀比超常时，增加患高血压的危险性。肥胖尤其对女性高血压无显著影响。     

脂肪分布与男性高血压病关系的病例对照研究

以在男性人群现患调查中发现的高血压病患者为病例组，非高血压病患者为对照组，以腰臀比值为指标，进行脂肪分布与男性高血压病关系的病例对照研究。结果显示，病例组腰臀比阳性暴露率（７４．６３％）显著高于对照组（４８．２０％），ｃＯＲ＝３．２（Ｐ＜０．０１）。齐同了年龄、性别、高血压家族史并调整了肥胖等因素后，ａＯＲ＝２．２（Ｐ＜０．０５）。病例组腰臀比均值高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。脂肪集中分布于腹部，可能与高血压病有关。     

Socioeconomic deprivation and waist circumference in men and women: The Scottish MONICA surveys 1989 –1995

Socioeconomic deprivation and waist circumference were measured in three Scottish MONICA cross-sectional surveys of 2233 men and 2516 women aged 25–64 years in 1989–1995. Means of waist circumference, waist/hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) increased with level of deprivation (measured by the Carstairs index) more significantly in women than in men, and more significantly in non-smokers than in current-smokers. Their obesity cases defined by conventional cut-points showed similar patterns of relation to deprivation. There appeared to be more obviously consistent and significant increases in the prevalence of large waist circumference with deprivation for both sexes than in the prevalence of WHR and BMI above the 90th centile. Also there was a more significant trend of increase in waist circumference over time than there was in WHR and BMI for both sexes. Residual case–control analysis, controlling for height, showed a dose–response relationship between deprivation and waist circumference. Compared to the most affluent (the first tertile of the Carstairs score), odds ratio for men in the middle group (the second tertile) adjusted for age, survey year and smoking status was 1.37 (95%CI 1.10–1.70) and in the most deprived (the third tertile) 1.46 (1.17–1.82); and for women 1.22 (0.99–1.50) and 1.81 (1.47–2.23). The study suggests that large waist circumference, increasingly prevalent, is directly related to socio-economic deprivation, and greater attention should be paid to increasing girth in the socially deprived.This revised was published online in April 2005. In the previous version the article category was missing.