南通市离休干部医疗服务流向分析

目的:分析离休干部医疗服务利用与费用在不同类别医疗机构间的流向分布.方法:统计分析南通市2000年至2002年离休干部医疗保险数据.结果:(1) 门诊流向小医院增多,住院流向大医院增多;(2)离休干部选择社会医疗机构就医偏好高、门诊次均费用与医疗机构等级不相符等现象,可能与供需双方的道德损害行为有关;(3)住院费用增长快,占总医疗费比重大,应加强保障与管理.     

卡特尔16种个性因素量表（16PF）在党政领导干部人格评价中的应用分析

目的探究卡特尔16种个性因素量表（16PF）作为党政领导干部人格评价工具是否恰当。方法对16PF在党政领导干部人格评价中的应用进行了较为系统的梳理。结果不同的研究者得出了截然不同的研究结果，有的甚至相反。参照的常模良莠不齐，并且常模制定的时间都已久远。结论建议16PF应用于党政领导干部人格评价时重新修订，并考虑制定新的常模。     

Fetal Alcohol Effects in Alcoholic Veteran Patients

Fetal alcohol syndrome is often associated with severe physical and neuropsychiatric maldevelopment. On the other hand, some offspring of women who drank during pregnancy appear to be affected in minimal ways and function relatively well within society. We questioned whether this effect of prenatal alcohol in the adult is generally minimal. To bear on this, we determined whether we could distinguish alcohol-exposed from nonexposed individuals in a population of male veterans, selected because of both their accepted level of function within society (e.g., honorable discharge from the military) and their admission to an alcohol treatment unit (thus, a greater likelihood of parental alcoholism, because of its familial aggregation). Consecutively admitted alcoholics (cases; n= 77) with likely maternal alcohol ingestion during their pregnancy or the first 10 years of life were matched with alcoholics with no maternal alcohol exposure during these periods (controls; n= 161). Each subject completed questionnaires regarding personal birthweight, alcohol, drug, educational and work histories, and family (including parental) alcohol and drug histories. We measured height, weight, and head circumference; checked for facial and hand anomalies; and took a frontal facial photograph, from which measurements of features were made. Data were analyzed by univariate statistics and stepwise logistic regression. No case had bona fide fetal alcohol syndrome. With univariate statistical analyses, the cases differed from the controls in 10 variables, including duration of drinking, width of alae nasae, being hyperactive or having a short attention span, and being small at birth. By stepwise logistic regression, the variables marital status, small size at birth, duration of drinking, and the presence of a smooth philtrum were marginally (the first two) or definitely (the last two) significant predictors of case status. Analysis of only the 37 cases in whom maternal prenatal drinking was the most likely yielded a marginal association for small size at birth (odds ratio = 3.1, p= 0.08) and a significant association for the presence of a smooth philtrum (odds ratio = 11.9, p= 0.005). Predictability was poor in all regression models. Based on the presence of this single physical finding (smooth philtrum), we estimate that the prevalence of manifestations of fetal alcohol exposure (fetal alcohol effects) is 6 to 13% in adult male veteran children (not necessarily nonveteran offspring) of women who drank alcohol during pregnancy. Thus, in our study of adult veterans, most individuals who were born to women who drank during pregnancy could not be differentiated from normal individuals, and those who were affected were distinguished by a single, nonspecific physical finding.     

650例离退休干部高血压控制相关因素的调查分析

目的 调查650例离退休干部高血压控制的相关因素,以制定相应的健康教育策略.方法 统计分析2004年6月至2006年6月间650例离退休高血压患者高血压控制相关因素调查问卷表,把650例患者中血压控制满意490例作为A组,控制不满意160例作为B组,并作统计学处理.结果 650例患者中能经常复查血压并坚持服用降压药物535例,未能定期复查血压但坚持服药者115例,两组规范服药情况相妨;两组肥胖情况以A组为多,P＞0.05,差异无统计学意义;生活方式如吸烟、饮酒等情况B组比A组多,P＜0.05,差异有统计学意义;B组中社会兼职明显多于A组,P＜0.01,差异有统计学意义.结论 加强对离退休干部高血压病患者的健康教育,针对高危人群进行重点宣教,改变他们的认知和行为非常必要.     

离退休干部门诊疾病谱流行病学资料分析

目的对离退休干部常见门诊疾病的流行病学资料进行收集和分析,为加强离退休干部系列化和规范化的医疗保健工作提供科学依据。方法全部病历资料来自首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院干部门诊。统计学处理应用SPSS软件,回顾性分析并比较离退休干部在6大系统疾病中的患病比例;分别计算常见单病种中7种疾病的发病率。结果6大系统的患病比例心血管系统疾病最高为79.82%(621/778),其它依次为内分泌及代谢系统疾病36.63%(285/778)、脑血管系统疾病30.98%(241/778)、呼吸系统疾病11.83%(92/778)、消化系统疾病3.47%(27/778)、泌尿系统疾病3.08%(24/778)。7种常见单病种的发病率依次为高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、脑卒中、高脂血症、COPD和恶性肿瘤。3.值得注意的是离退休干部同时患有两种疾病的比例高达35.22%,患有三种或三种以上疾病的比例为38.17%。结论离退休干部的疾病谱以心血管、脑血管和内分泌系统疾病常见;单病种发病率高血压、冠心病和糖尿病位居前三位;同时患有多种疾病是最重要的流行病学特征。制定相应的有针对性的综合治疗指南是干部保健医学面临的新课题。     

加强干部医疗保健工作的做法和体会

介绍空军总医院加强干部医疗保健工作的做法和体会。即，强化保健意识；明确干部保健目标；完善保健工作机制，深化服务内涵；规范保健服务管理。并对军队干部医疗保健工作前景进行展望，提出军队干部保健工作的新要求。     

部队离休干部心理抑郁状况及影响因素分析

目的:了解部队离休干部中的抑郁状况及影响因素.方法:选用CES-D抑郁量表对驻宁部队离休干部进行调查.结果:有11.21%离休干部存在抑郁状态,CES-D均分为8.18±5.80;多元逐步回归分析显示,家庭关系、婚姻状况、文体活动、患病情况、家庭结构是离休干部抑郁的主要影响因素.结论:离休干部中存在抑郁状态应引起足够重视,应采取有效措施以提高其心理健康水平.     

Carotid endarterectomy in octogenarian veterans: does age affect outcome? A single-center experience

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in octogenarians is controversial. Recent reports have examined this question in the general population, but little data exist on veterans. With the emergence of carotid artery stenting, we need to evaluate the role of CEA in treating elderly veterans with carotid stenosis. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of all CEAs performed between January 1995 and December 2004. RESULTS: A total of 286 procedures were performed in 239 patients; 39 procedures were performed in 33 octogenarians, and 247 procedures were performed in 206 younger veterans. Both groups had similar preoperative comorbidities. There were no statistically significant differences between octogenarians and younger veterans for postoperative stroke (2% vs. 1%), death (0% vs. 1%), myocardial infarction (5% vs. 2%), length of stay (7 +/- 19 vs. 3 +/- 8 days), or 4-year survival (53% vs. 57%). CONCLUSIONS: CEA can be safely performed in octogenarian veterans with outcomes similar to younger veterans.     

上海市杨浦区离休干部日常生活能力及相关因素的调查

目的研究上海市杨浦区离休干部慢性病患病状况以及社会人口学因素对日常生活功能的影响。方法采用普查方法对杨浦区2944名离休干部进行日常生活能力[应用日常生活能力（ADL）和工具性日常生活能力（IADL）量表]和慢性病等相关因素的问卷调查，并做多因素Logistic回归统计分析。结果离休干部慢性病患病率为98．9％，ADL和IADL受损率分别为20．1％和45．2％。显著影响ADL受损的慢性病依次为脑出血、脑梗死、心脏病、肿瘤、哮喘、糖尿病、慢性支气管炎和骨关节病，显著影响IADL受损的慢性病依次为脑出血、脑梗死、哮喘、心脏病、糖尿病、肾脏病和前列腺增生。男性、年龄增长、文化程度低以及经济支配能力减弱与日常生活功能受损有关。结论各种慢性病可不同程度地引起ADL和IADL的受损。