Maîtrise des risques liés à la production des fluides de dialyse dans une unité de télédialyse

Objective

The “Centre Hospitalier Francois Dunan” is located on an isolated island and ensures patients care in hemodialysis thanks to telemedicine support. Many research studies have demonstrated the importance of hemodialysis fluids composition to reduce morbidity in patients on chronic hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to identify the risks inherent in the production of dialysis fluids in a particular context, in order to set up an improvement action plan to improve risk control on the production of dialysis fluids.

中日友好医院分型股骨头坏死腓骨植入治疗的三维有限元分析

文题释义：股骨头坏死中日友好医院分型的有限元分析：根据李子荣等提出的中日友好医院分型，建立股骨头坏死三维模型，分为 M型(内侧型)、C型(中央型)和 L型(外侧型)，其中 L型包括L1型(次外侧型)、L2型(极外侧型)和 L3型(全头型)。通过对建立的模型进行有限元分析，为该分型的保髋治疗提供了一定力学依据，显示外侧柱的存留是精准预防塌陷的重要因素，为进一步实现个体化治疗提供力学基础。 腓骨支撑坏死股骨头保髋手术：是对于早中期股骨头坏死需要保留股骨头患者进行的一种手术方式。首先需对股骨头进行髓芯减压，清除一定坏死骨，空腔填塞松质骨(髂骨为主)，打压结实后植入腓骨(异体或自体)支撑，给坏死区的提供力学支撑及生物学修复，预防股骨头进一步坏死及塌陷。 背景：研究报道股骨头坏死的保髋疗效与外侧柱存留密切相关，中日友好医院分型是根据三柱结构确立的，对股骨头塌陷的预测准确性高。 目的：建立股骨头坏死中日友好医院分型各分型仿真的三维有限元模型，通过有限元分析各分型腓骨植入的力学变化，探讨外侧柱存留对保髋疗效的意义，为该分型的塌陷精准预测提供基础。 方法：建立正常股骨头、中日友好医院分型(M型、C型、L1型、L2型、L3型)股骨头坏死及其腓骨植入3组11种三维有限元模型，运用ANSYS软件进行有限元分析计算，观察各组模型的最大应力值、最大位移值及股骨头内部载荷传递模式。 结果与结论：①坏死组位移最大，应变最大，且因坏死分型不同而位移不同，位移变化如下：M型相似文献   

Myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) key genes analysis in rat anti-CD28-induced immune tolerance kidney transplantation

BackgroundIn the field of transplantation, inducing immune tolerance in recipients is of great importance. Blocking co-stimulatory molecule using anti-CD28 antibody could induce tolerance in a rat kidney transplantation model. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) reveals strong immune suppressive abilities in kidney transplantation. Here we analyzed key genes of MDSCs leading to transplant tolerance in this model.MethodsMicroarray data of rat gene expression profiles under accession number {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE28545","term_id":"28545"}}GSE28545 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed. Running the LIMMA package in R language, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found. Enrichment analysis of the DEGs was conducted in the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database to explore gene ontology (GO) annotation and their Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Their protein-protein interactions (PPIs) were provided by STRING database and was visualized in Cytoscape. Hub genes were carried out by CytoHubba.ResultsThree hundred and thirty-eight DEGs were exported, including 27 upregulated and 311 downregulated genes. The functions and KEGG pathways of the DEGs were assessed and the PPI network was constructed based on the string interactions of the DEGs. The network was visualized in Cytoscape; the entire PPI network consisted of 192 nodes and 469 edges. Zap70, Cdc42, Stat1, Stat4, Ccl5 and Cxcr3 were among the hub genes.ConclusionsThese key genes, corresponding proteins and their functions may provide valuable background for both basic and clinical research and could be the direction of future studies in immune tolerance, especially those examining immunocyte-induced tolerance.     

Analysis of jump load during a volleyball season in terms of player role

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to analyze the jump load performed by top-level volleyball players during an entire training season in terms of the player role, training period, type of daily training, and quality of opposition in the subsequent match.DesignLongitudinal panel observational study.MethodsThe total number of jumps performed by players was recorded through 174 training days distributed in 32 weeks during the 2016/2017 season (pre-season, 5 weeks; in-season, 27 weeks). The players role were classified as middle-blocker, outside-hitter, opposite and setter (the libero was omitted). A generalized mixed linear model was performed (with Bonferroni post hoc test at p < 0.05) to assess the effect of training variables and the repeated-measures data of players’ jumps along various training days. Additionally, the effect sizes at 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare the jump load between players’ role and training variables.ResultsThe results showed a significant and moderate higher amount of jumps performed by middle-blockers regardless the type of macro- or micro-cycle, the micro-cycle phase, the type of training and the quality of match opposition. Contrarily, the setter performs the least jump load in all variables analyzed. Only the players’ role, macro-cycle and micro-cycle phase had significant effects on the player's jump load variation along the season.ConclusionsThis information could be useful to guide the monitoring and preparation process for coaches and physical trainers. These values allow differentiating between players’ role and could be used as references values in order to avoid injuries whereas performance increase along the season.     

2010年-2018年甲状腺结节相关SCI论文知识图谱及数据可视化分析

目的:分析2010年至2018年甲状腺结节相关SCI论文，并建模进行定性与定量分析。方法:利用文献计量学中的引文分析、共被引分析、数据可视化、聚类分析等方法，使用CiteSpace分析工具，分析来源于Web of ScienceTM核心合集数据库中有关论文的出版情况、国家、机构、作者、知识基础与研究热点。结果:到2018年10月31日截止，研究了4 618篇论文。发表论文数:美国在国家/地区中排名第一，延世大学在研究机构中排名第一，Kwak JY在所有作者中排名第一。从2010年开始，每年发表的论文数量都在稳步增长，有相当多的论文发表在如《新英格兰杂志》、《THYROID》、《JAMA》、《CELL》等高影响因子的期刊上。甲状腺结节的SCI论文参考文献聚类为6类，分别是papillary-like nuclear feature、current statu、radiofrequency ablation、ultrasound elastography、goiter area、data system。代表研究前沿的关键词是meta-analysis、recommendation、thyroid carcinoma、shear wave elastography与bethesda system。结论:本文通过对国际上甲状腺结节的研究基础、研究热点的分析，阐述了甲状腺结节的研究趋势，为我国医学工作者的研究提供参考。     

北京市养老机构老年人营养状况调查及其影响因素研究

背景　在人口老龄化日益加剧的社会背景之下，家庭养老功能不断减弱，机构养老成为今后发展的必然趋势。据报道，很多养老机构的老年人营养不合理，严重影响老年人的健康状况与生活质量。目的　通过调查北京市养老机构老年人营养现状及其影响因素，为全科医师营养教育及老年人生活质量提升提供理论依据。方法　2014年10月-2015年12月，采用方便整群抽样的方法，抽取了北京市7家养老机构，对符合纳入标准的老年人进行面对面问卷调查，问卷内容包括：一般情况、微型营养评定量表（MNA）、日常生活活动能力指数（BI）、老年人抑郁量表（GDS）。采用二元Logistic回归分析养老机构老年人营养状况的影响因素。结果　本研究共发放问卷258份，回收有效问卷258份，有效回收率为100%。被调查的258例老年人中，存在营养不良及存在营养不良发生风险的老年人共计75例（29.1%）。不同年龄、性别、婚姻状况、体质指数（BMI）、医疗费用支付方式、生活自理能力及精神状态的老年人营养状况比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示：年龄〔OR（95%CI）=2.349（1.070，5.156）〕、BMI〔OR（95%CI）=0.092（0.036，0.239）〕、医疗费用支付方式〔OR（95%CI）=0.208（0.083，0.522）〕、日常活动能力〔OR（95%CI）=10.214（3.099，33.669）〕、患病种数〔OR（95%CI）=2.682（1.248，5.763）〕及精神状态〔OR（95%CI）=4.822（2.005，11.600）〕是老年人营养状况的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论　北京地区养老机构的老年人面临着营养不良及营养不良发生风险的健康威胁，高龄、低BMI、抑郁、合并多种疾病、日常活动能力低下及无医保是其独立危险因素，需要对老年人加强个性化营养教育和营养治疗。     

护理教学查房在ICU教学中的临床应用效果分析

目的探讨护理教学查房在ICU教学中的临床应用效果。方法选定2018年1月-2019年1月来本院实习的100例学生,按照教学查房方法分为对照组(50例)与观察组(50例),前者采用传统教学查房方法,后者采用针对性教学查房方法。通过出科操作考试及理论考试后,比较2组实习学生的操作考核成绩、理论考核成绩指标。结果教学结束,观察组实习学生的操作考核成绩(94.11±3.54)分、理论考核成绩(85.74±5.39)分均高于对照组实习学生(P<0.05)。结论针对性教学查房方法可有效提高实习学生的操作考核成绩、理论考核成绩,改善其教学质量。     

可切除肺癌预后预测模型的构建及生存分析

目的 探讨构建的可切除肺癌预后预测模型在患者生存及预后预测中的价值。方法 选择山西省肿瘤医院2007年1月至2018年9月原发性肺癌患者2 267例,患者均行一次肺癌手术治疗,无第二原发肿瘤。选取性别、年龄、职业、肿瘤部位、病理类型、手术路径、手术方式、肿瘤分期、治疗方案为预后影响因素。采用Cox比例风险模型构建预后指数(PI)方程,计算每例患者的PI值。根据PI值的不同范围,划分低、中、高危预后组,对各组生存情况进行评估。结果 性别(RR=0.684,P=0.001)、年龄(RR=0.591,P<0.01)、职业(RR=1.439,P=0.001)、病理类型(RR=3.694,P<0.01)、手术路径(RR=0.734,P=0.001)、肿瘤分期(RR=0.352,P=0.007)为可切除肺癌患者预后独立影响因素。其中,女性、≤65岁、胸腔镜手术、肿瘤分期Ⅰ期为预后保护因素,其预后不良风险分别降低31.6%、40.9%、26.6%、64.8%;农民、腺鳞癌为预后危险因素,其预后不良风险分别增加43.9%、269.4%。PI方程为:∑βixi=-0.380 X1-0.526 X2+0.364 X31+1.307 X55-0.309 X6-1.045 X81(X1代表性别,X2代表年龄,X31代表职业为农民,X55代表病理类型为腺鳞癌,X6代表手术路径,X81代表肿瘤分期Ⅰ期)。PI<-1为低危组,PI≥-1且≤-0.5为中危组,PI>-0.5为高危组。1、3、5年生存率低危组分别为96.8%、87.0%、77.9%,中危组分别为91.8%、82.2%、61.7%,高危组分别为86.5%、61.7%、50.3%,各组间生存率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 可切除肺癌预后预测模型能够预测可切除肺癌患者的预后风险及相应生存率,帮助临床医师评估预后及制订后续治疗方案。     

Lower body mass index and higher height are correlated with increased varicocele risk

To evaluate the anthropometric indexes in subjects with varicocele compared to controls and the incidence of varicocele in different body mass index (BMI) groups for the purpose of exploring the association between varicocele and anthropometric indexes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted by using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE databases and Cochrane Library up to February 2019. A systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted by STATA, and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was utilised for assessing risk of bias. Ultimately, 13 articles containing seven case–control studies and six cross‐sectional studies with 1,385,630 subjects were involved in our study. Pooled results demonstrated that varicocele patients had a lower BMI (WMD = ?0.77, 95% CI = ?1.03 to ?0.51) and a higher height than nonvaricocele participants, especially in grade 3 varicocele patients. Subgroup analyses showed that normal BMI individuals had a higher risk of varicocele than obese or overweight individuals and a lower risk than underweight individuals. In conclusion, this study indicates that varicocele patients have a lower BMI and a higher height than nonvaricocele participants. Moreover, men with excess bodyweight have a lower incidence of varicocele compared to normal weight or underweight people. That is to say, high BMI and adiposity protect against varicocele and high BMI is associated with a decreased risk of varicocele.