从财务角度谈医院科研经费管理

科研经费主要是政府上级主管部门、科研部门及社会企事业单位对医院投入部分有特定用途的用于科研及教学等方面的专项资金,是保证科研项目顺利开展的重要资源,关系到医院的整体发展。从财务角度,如何让临床科研人员能够科学有效的使用科研经费,提高科研经费使用效率,保证科研经费核算真实有效,为科研工作开展起到基础保障作用。本文提出增强预算管理意识,合理编制科研经费预算,严格规定科研经费管理,细化科研经费核算,规范科研经费购置资产,合理保全国有资产,采用信息技术平台,加强科研经费财务监管力度。     

医学科研管理人员的管理类型与职业要素研究

根据具体工作表现,将医学科研管理人员分为积极推动型、上传下达型、消极被动型、个体障碍型四种基本管理类型,并解析相应管理类型的管理要素、管理效能和入职素质,从医学科研管理人员和上层决策者两个角度提出了相应的实践与管理建议.     

精细化管理提升医院科研管理的实践与体会

医院科研管理事关医疗技术进步和医疗水平提升,在医院科研管理中融入精细化管理的理念,结合平台建设,推进医院科研的可持续发展,创新科研管理模式,提升科研管理能力,才能推动医院科研工作健康有序跨越式发展.     

北京市科技人员工作状况与心脑血管疾病患病情况分析

目的了解北京市科技人员工作状况和心脑血管疾病患病现状以及二者之间的关系。方法采取整群抽样的方法在北京市城区随机抽取了3家科研单位。对抽中单位中的18-60岁的所有在职工作的科技人员开展问卷调查。结果共调查科技人员432人,调查对象心脑血管疾病总体患病人数为52人,患病率为12.0%。在工作性质方面,43.5%的调查对象对工作环境比较满意;74.1%的调查对象工作时间在8-10小时;48.1%的调查对象有时感到工作强度较大;76.6%的调查对象非常喜欢/喜欢当前的工作;63.7%的调查对象完全/能胜任当前的工作;44.0%的调查对象认为自己的工作被上级领导完全认可/认可;54.6%的调查对象认为自己的工作有很大/有成就感。心脑血管疾病患病的影响因素分析发现,年龄（OR=1.084,95%CI：1.045-1.124）是心脑血管疾病患病的危险因素,相对于对工作非常喜欢/喜欢的人群,对工作不太喜欢/不喜欢的人群更易患心脑血管疾病（OR=2.893,95%CI：1.163-7.197）（P〈0.05）。结论科技人员心脑血管疾病患病情况与年龄有关,工作兴趣高的人员患病率较低,应提高职业人群对于工作的认同感和兴趣。     

Baicalin suppresses iron accumulation after substantia nigra injury: relationship between iron concentration and transferrin expression

Previous studies have shown that baicalin prevented iron accumulation after substantia nigra injury, reduced divalent metal transporter 1 expression, and increased ferroportin 1 expression in the substantia nigra of rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease rats. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between iron accumulation and transferrin expression in C6 cells, to explore the mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of baicalin on iron accumulation observed in Parkinson's disease rats. Iron content was detected using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. Results showed that iron content decreased 41% after blocking divalent metal transporter 1 and ferroportin 1 proteins. After treatment with ferric ammonium citrate of differing concentrations(10, 50, 100, 400 μg/mL) in C6 glioma cells, cell survival rate and ferroportin 1 expression were negatively correlated with ferric ammonium citrate concentration, but divalent metal transporter 1 expression positively correlated with ferric ammonium citrate concentration. Baicalin or deferoxamine reduced divalent metal transporter 1 expression, but increased ferroportin 1 expression in the 100 μg/mL ferric ammonium citrate-loaded C6 cells. These results indicate that baicalin down-regulated iron concentration, which positively regulated divalent metal transporter 1 expression and negatively regulated ferroportin 1 expression, and decreased iron accumulation in the substantia nigra.     

大型医疗设备的科学管理与维护策略

目的：探讨大型医疗设备的科学管理与维护策略。方法：运用大型医疗设备的科学管理和维护策略,提升医院的整体维护管理水平。结果：科学的管理降低了医疗设备故障率,提高了设备的使用率。结论：大型医疗设备是医院开展医疗检测及治疗工作的技术支撑和物质基础,做好设备的管理和维护是有效发挥和充分利用医疗设备的关键。     

医院大型医用设备的科学管理与合理配置

目的：针对大型医用设备配置现状,探讨、分析医院设备管理中存在的问题及其原因,提出科学的管理办法。方法：购置大型医用设备前开展考察论证、可行性分析,购置后实施科学的绩效评估。结果：根据绩效评估报告,调整采购计划,使大型设备的配置得到优化。结论：使用大型医用设备绩效评估的新方法,实现大型设备配置规范化、合理化,更好地为大型医用设备的综合管理和购置决策提供参考依据。     

Attitudes of pharmacy students towards scientific research and academic career in Saudi Arabia

BackgroundAcademic research is an essential part of undergraduate and post graduate education to become qualified health care professionals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the attitudes of pharmacy students towards scientific research and/or academic careers in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross-sectional survey based study was conducted among pharmacy students at King Saud University. A self-administered questionnaire was implemented over a period of 3 months (January to March 2018).ResultsA total of 223 students returned the survey. More than one third students (66.3%) agreed that participation in research increased their interest in pursuing a career in research/academic pharmacy. Most students (75.3%) were interested in participating research during the course of study and 73.6% believed that research training should be a compulsory part of teaching curriculum. In addition, more than half of students (54.5%) were interested in higher studies such as PhD after graduation. Most of students (70.3%) ranked lifestyle (73.6%) and earning potential (70.3%) as an important factor for them when choosing a specialty.ConclusionsPharmacy students had positive attitudes towards research activities and they desired to be involved more in research publications. However, addressing the barriers and improving student participation will increase their interest in academic research.     

Development of a transmission-blocking malaria vaccine: Progress,challenges, and the path forward

New interventions are needed to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with malaria, as well as to accelerate elimination and eventual eradication. Interventions that can break the cycle of parasite transmission, and prevent its reintroduction, will be of particular importance in achieving the eradication goal. In this regard, vaccines that interrupt malaria transmission (VIMT) have been highlighted as an important intervention, including transmission-blocking vaccines that prevent human-to-mosquito transmission by targeting the sexual, sporogonic, or mosquito stages of the parasite (SSM-VIMT). While the significant potential of this vaccine approach has been appreciated for decades, the development and licensure pathways for vaccines that target transmission and the incidence of infection, as opposed to prevention of clinical malaria disease, remain ill-defined. This article describes the progress made in critical areas since 2010, highlights key challenges that remain, and outlines important next steps to maximize the potential for SSM-VIMTs to contribute to the broader malaria elimination and eradication objectives.