鼻内镜手术治疗鼻性接触性头痛

在临床上,部分由鼻部因素引起头痛的患者,由于鼻部的症状不明显,常被临床医师诊断为偏头痛或丛集性头痛,在使用药物治疗时,效果不佳[1].我们选择了36例此类患者,进行鼻内镜手术治疗,以探讨该病的诊治.     

百草枯中毒临床分析

百草枯(paraquat,PQ)又名克芜踪,是一种毒性很强的有机杂环类接触性除草剂,使用过程中操作不当、误服或自杀性服用均可造成中毒,病情危重,病死率很高[1].     

手术室使用外来器械的管理

医疗技术的不断发展,使手术器械亦不断更新.尤其是植入性器械,由于国产与进口产品价格悬殊,医院一般仅购买植入器械,其辅助手术器械则由器械商提供,导致同类手术辅助器械在各医院来回传递,流动性大,使辅助手术器械的供应存在一些问题.     

基层医院空气消毒设备消毒效果的调查

空气消毒设备的性能直接影响空气消毒的效果。为了解县、乡镇基层医院使用的空气消毒设备消毒效果,掌握基层医院空气消毒设备目前的分布状况、使用状况,进行了现场监测和调查。1调查方法调查对象为本县5所县乡两级医院,了解各医院不同环境消毒设备分布情况,环境空间与消毒设备的配置情况等。消毒效果监测用空气细菌培养和紫外线强度监测方法,空气采样用平板沉降法,紫外线灯辐射强度用紫外线辐照计测定。结果判定,按照《医院感染管理规范》规定的标准进行评价。2结果2.1空气消毒设备分布情况基层医院空气消毒设备主要有:可移动紫外线灯车、吊…     

免疫调节药在肿瘤患者住院治疗中的应用分析

目的 了解肿瘤住院患者使用免疫调节药的现状，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法对2003～2005年免疫调节药应用情况运用药物使用频度（DDDs）、年均增率（AARG）等分析方法，进行统计分析。结果 免疫调节药销售金额年均增长率达106.69%。生物反应修饰剂销售金额占总金额的65.93%。生物反应修饰剂和增强免疫功能中成药用药频度相当。排序靠前的是金黄色葡萄球菌滤液注射液、参芪扶正注射液，用量上升最快的是香菇多糖注射液、胸腺素α1注射液。结论 免疫调节药是肿瘤放化疗必备用药，在肿瘤患者住院治疗中应用广泛。整体上该类药物的应用基本合理。疗效显著且作用广泛的药物成为临床首选。     

Changes in T .lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain inJury

BACKGROUND： Besides local changes of cranial parenchymal cells, hemorrhage, etc., severe traumatic brain injuries also cause the changes of total body fluid and various functions, and the changes of lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets should be paid more attention to. OBJECTIVE： To reveal the changing laws of T lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain injury, and compare with mild to moderate brain injury. DESIGN： A comparative observation. SETTINGS： Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City; Central Laboratory of Shenzhen Hospital of Prevention and Cure for Chronic Disease. PARTICIPANTS： All the subjects were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City from August 2002 to August 2005. Thirty patients with severe brain injury, whose Glasgow coma score （GCS） was ≤ 8 points, were taken as the experimental group, including 21 males and 9 females, aging 16 - 62 years. Meanwhile, 30 patients with mild traumatic brain injury were taken as the control group （GCS ranged 14- 15 points）, including 18 males and 12 females, aging 15 -58 years. All the subjects were in admission at 6 hours after injury, without disease of major organs before injury Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives. METHODS： （1） The T lymphocytes and the subsets in peripheral blood were detected with immunofluorescent tricolor flow cytometry at l, 3, 7 and 14 days after injury in both groups. （2） The conditions of pulmonary infections were observed at 4 days after injury. The differences of measurement data were compared with the t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes of T lymphocytes subsets at 1 - 14 days after severe and mild or moderate traumatic injury. RESULTS： Finally, 28 and 25 patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, whereas 25 and 21 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were analyzed at 7 and 14 days respectively, and the missed ones died due to the development of disease. （1） Changes of T lymphocyte subsets： At 1 and 3 days after injury, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 began to decrease, whereas CD8 increased in the experimental group, which were very significantly different from those in the control group （t =2.77 - 3.26, P 〈 0.01）, and began to recover at 7 days, which were significantly different from those in the control group （t = 2.06 - 2.24, P 〈 0.05）, and generally recovered to the normal levels at 14 days （P 〉 0.05）. （2） Conditions of pulmonary infections： At 4 days after injury, the rate of pulmonary infection was significantly different between the experimental group and control group [73% （22/30）, 0, x2=37.29, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： Patients with severe traumatic brain injury suffer from damages of cellular immune function at early period （within 7 days）, and they are easily to be accompanied by pulmonary infections.     

在Suzuki反应中，催化剂循环使用和产物回收的简便方法

在钯催化的Suzuki交叉偶联反应中，以聚环氧乙烷-甲醇为混合溶剂，反应结束后用正庚烷提取，产物进入非极性相，收率〉90％。催化剂留在极性相，可循环使用多次。     

不可轻视的“鹅口疮”

鹅口疮又叫急性伪膜型念珠菌病，好发于新生儿，小婴儿，特别是长期使用抗生素或激素的患者。鹅口疮可发生于口腔的任何部位，以舌，颊，软腭，口底等处多见。     

基层卫生院不合理使用抗菌药物分析

目的:了解不合理用药的情况,找出原因,探讨方法,指导临床用药。方法:采用回顾性分析,对我院2006年1～6月门诊西药处方进行随机抽查,对不合理用药进行分析,并提出处理建议。结果:我院门诊药物不合理使用主要为抗菌药物使用不合理,其处方占抽查处方的6.06%,主要表现在给药的途径、剂量、时间间隔及配伍几个方面。结论:我院门诊不合理使用抗菌药物是主流,抗菌药物给药方案有待改进。药师应具备药学综合知识,方能指导医师和病人合理用药。