基于STM32芯片的肿瘤细胞荧光检测系统设计

为了实现肿瘤细胞早期筛查以达到早期防治,本研究开发了一种基于微流控芯片的肿瘤细胞荧光检测系统。光路采用反射式共焦距光路结构;硬件电路基于光电探测器模块、STM32F103C8T6、A/D转换芯片与串口芯片对激发荧光信号实时采集,并向上位机传输。同时设计了一套基于荧光检测的软件系统,实现检测动态可视化与报告生成及打印功能。采用FITC荧光素标记的乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-453进行试验。结果表明,该系统在6 mL/h最佳进样速度下,对肿瘤细胞的平均检测率达到85.36%,为临床的应用提供可靠的诊断方法。     

基于PCI总线数据采集卡的实时测控技术

我们从软件技术的角度,论述了在Windows XP环境下基于PCI总线数据采集卡实现实时测控所需要的关键技术、软件体系结构和开发方法.遵循本文所讨论的技术路线,开发了DFQ系列多方位牵引床的测控软件,提高了被控系统的控制精度和可靠性,增强了系统的可用性.     

STRAF—A convenient online tool for STR data evaluation in forensic genetics

Population data in forensic genetics has to be checked for a variety of statistical parameters before it can be employed for case work. A lot of very powerful statistical tools are available for this task, most of them developed by labs having their research focus on population genetics or evolution. However, most of these programs require a substantial amount of experience. In addition, to our knowledge, none of the freely available programs calculates all the common parameters for a population study in forensic genetics at once, based on a single input file. We present here a convenient online tool that fills this gap. STRAF (STR Analysis for Forensics) provides an intuitive interface and input file format and computes all the relevant parameters for a classical population study based on autosomal STR data at once and in a convenient way. In addition, STRAF includes a PCA module that can be used for population substructure detection or quality control. The results generated by the program were verified by recalculating parameters from an already published population study.     

Templates as a method for implementing data provenance in decision support systems

Decision support systems are used as a method of promoting consistent guideline-based diagnosis supporting clinical reasoning at point of care. However, despite the availability of numerous commercial products, the wider acceptance of these systems has been hampered by concerns about diagnostic performance and a perceived lack of transparency in the process of generating clinical recommendations. This resonates with the Learning Health System paradigm that promotes data-driven medicine relying on routine data capture and transformation, which also stresses the need for trust in an evidence-based system. Data provenance is a way of automatically capturing the trace of a research task and its resulting data, thereby facilitating trust and the principles of reproducible research. While computational domains have started to embrace this technology through provenance-enabled execution middlewares, traditionally non-computational disciplines, such as medical research, that do not rely on a single software platform, are still struggling with its adoption. In order to address these issues, we introduce provenance templates – abstract provenance fragments representing meaningful domain actions. Templates can be used to generate a model-driven service interface for domain software tools to routinely capture the provenance of their data and tasks. This paper specifies the requirements for a Decision Support tool based on the Learning Health System, introduces the theoretical model for provenance templates and demonstrates the resulting architecture. Our methods were tested and validated on the provenance infrastructure for a Diagnostic Decision Support System that was developed as part of the EU FP7 TRANSFoRm project.     

医院用药安全监测与评价系统软件的研发

目的：研发监测临床用药医嘱、评价影响用药安全因素的合理用药软件，协助临床药师开展工作。方法：在Wins／XP平台，中文操作系统环境下，用Power Builder程序编辑工具和数据库系统开发医院用药安全监测与评价软件。结果：该软件包括PASS监测效果评价和临床用药观察指标评价两大评价体系，可实时在线监测临床不安全用药状况，详实记录和评价临床用药，同时对其原因和相关因素进行关联性评价，分析医院用药安全现状，为提高医院用药安全水平提供全面、客观的数据支持。结论：该软件操作简便、快捷，运行稳定，记载信息完备，评价指标明确，是药师开展医院用药安全监测与评价的支撑工具。     

临床试验统计分析报告通用的SAS生成方法

目的应用SAS软件编制不受变量类型及数量限制的、用于生成临床试验统计分析报告的通用程序。方法为了解决不同类型的变量同时分析、不同来源的结果同时表述的问题，分别提出了应用宏变量定义矩阵标识以及按照给定算法合并输出数据集的方法。结果通过矩阵标识的建立，将离散变量和连续变量的统计分析结合到一起，使得一次同时分析的变量数在理论上达到无穷。通过所给出的算法，将来自不同SAS过程的分析结果合并到一起，使表格式样的自由性多样性得以实现。结论使用所提出的生成统计分析报告的通用办法，使得统计分析结果的表述更加灵活、适应性更强。     

多水平统计模型简介及MLwiN软件的应用实例说明

本文对多水平统计模型的适用资料、方程表达式及MLwiN软件做一简要介绍，并用实例演示正态分布、二项分布、Poisson分布的多水平统计模型在MLwiN软件中的拟合过程。     

浅谈GMP认证中存在的问题

GMP认证制度是国家对药品生产企业监督检验的一种手段,也是保证药品质量的一种科学、先进的管理方法。企业在GMP认证和实施的过程中,存在着与GMP要求不相符合的现象。人们对GMP的认识还有待于提高,我国的GMP认证管理工作应进一步加强。     

Improving system quality through software evaluation

The role of evaluation is examined with respect to quality of software in healthcare. Of particular note is the failure of the Therac-25 radiation therapy machine. This example provides evidence of several types of defect which could have been detected and corrected using appropriate evaluation procedures. The field of software engineering has developed metrics and guidelines to assist in software evaluation but this example indicates that software evaluation must be extended beyond the formally defined interfaces of the software to its real-life operating context.