儿科护士疼痛管理知识培训课程设计及实施效果评价

目的 评价实施儿科护理人员疼痛知识培训课程的效果,为有效提高儿童疼痛管理质量提供依据。 方法 采用类实验设计和方便抽样法选取符合纳入标准的170例儿科护士作为研究对象,对其实施儿科护理人员疼痛知识培训。培训前后采用儿科护士疼痛知识与态度调查问卷(pediatric nurses′ knowledge and attitudes survey regarding pain, PNKAS)对其进行问卷调查,比较培训前后儿科护士疼痛知识水平、态度的变化。 结果 培训前后,儿科护士疼痛管理知识总分及各维度(疼痛一般知识、疼痛评估、药物镇痛、镇痛措施及案例分析部分)得分比较,差异均具统计学意义。 结论 儿科护士既往缺乏疼痛管理教育及培训,疼痛管理知识培训可有效提高儿科护士疼痛知识水平,同时改变其疼痛管理过程存在的错误观念。     

Effects of a nurse-led transitional care program on clinical outcomes,health-related knowledge,physical and mental health status among Chinese patients with coronary artery disease: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundCoronary artery disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide, including China. After a hospital stay, transitional care could help to ensure improved patient care and outcomes, and reduce Medicare costs. Nevertheless, the results of the existing transitional care are not always satisfactory and our knowledge of how to perform effective transitional care for patients with coronary artery disease is limited in mainland China.ObjectivesTo examine the effectiveness of a nurse-led transitional care program on clinical outcomes, health-related knowledge, and physical and mental health status among Chinese patients with coronary artery disease.DesignRandomized controlled trial.MethodsThe Omaha system and Pender’s health promoting model were employed in planning and implementing this nurse-led transitional care program. The sample was comprised of 199 Chinese patients with coronary artery disease. The experimental group (n = 100) received nurse-led transitional care intervention in addition to routine care. The nurse-led transitional care intervention included a structured assessment and health education, followed by 7 months of individual teaching and coaching (home visits, telephone follow-up and group activity). The control group (n = 99) received a comparable length routine care and follow-up contacts. Evaluations were conducted at baseline and completion of the interventions using the perceived knowledge scale for coronary heart disease, the medical outcomes study 36-item short-form health survey and clinical measures (blood pressure, blood glucose, lipids, body mass index). Data were collected between March and October 2014.ResultsCompared with the control group, participants in the experimental group showed significant better clinical outcomes (systolic blood pressure, t = 5.762, P = 0.000; diastolic blood pressure, t = 4.250, P = 0.000; fasting blood glucose, t = 2.249, P = 0.027; total cholesterol, t = 4.362, P = 0.000; triglyceride, t = 3.147, P = 0.002; low density lipoprotein cholesterol, t = 2.399, P = 0.018; and body mass index, t = 3.166, P = 0.002), higher knowledge scores for coronary artery disease (total knowledge score, t = −7.099, P = 0.000), better physical health status (t = −2.503, P = 0.014) and mental health status (t = −2.950, P = 0.004).ConclusionsThis study provides evidence for the value of a nurse-led transitional care program using both the Omaha system and Pender’s health promoting model as its theoretical framework. The structured interventions in this nurse-led transitional care program facilitate the use of this program in other settings.     

重庆三甲医院医务人员健康教育专业知识掌握及运用情况调查

目的:了解在渝三级甲等医院医务人对健康教育专业知识的掌握及其在具体工作中的实际应用情况,探索影响健康教育开展的因素。方法:采用先整群后随机的多级抽样方法,用自编问卷对337名医务人员进行调查分析。结果:337名医务人员对健康教育专业知识平均知晓率为76.1%;医务人员中62.6%的人认为健康教育有很大作用,89.6%的人愿意接受专门培训,45.4%的人表示在医护工作中经常进行病患健康教育,49.6%的人经常干预病人不良行为。结论:不同学历、职业、职称的医务人员对大部分健康教育专业知识的知晓率无显著差异;他们对健康教育态度较积极,但实际运用不够,仍有必要经常对医务人员进行健康教育专业知识培训。