知柏地黄丸治疗糖调节受损患者的临床研究

目的观察知柏地黄丸对糖调节受损(IGR)患者的临床疗效及对胰岛素抵抗、胰岛β细胞功能的影响。方法 176例IGR患者,随机分为治疗组与对照组,观察结束共脱落及剔除病例19例,纳入统计病例157例,治疗组77例,对照组80例,两组均给予教育及生活方式干预,治疗组在其基础上给予知柏地黄丸口服,治疗12个月后,观察两组体重指数(BMI)、HOMA胰岛素分泌指数(HOMA-β)、早期胰岛素分泌指数(EISI)及HOMA胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)的改变。结果两组患者的BMI及HOMA-IR较治疗前均有下降,HOMA-β明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01);与对照组比较,治疗组治疗后HOMA-IR下降,EISI及HOMA-β升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。结论知柏地黄丸能减轻胰岛素抵抗,改善胰岛β细胞功能,延缓或预防IGR患者向2型糖尿病(T2DM)发展。     

介入治疗糖尿病外周血管病变的效果分析

目的评价介入治疗糖尿病外周血管病变患者的临床疗效，旨在改善患者的生命质量。方法选择2008年6月～2010年12月在本院治疗的糖尿病外周血管病变患者112例，随机分为两组，对照组56例给予控制血糖、局部换药等常规治疗措施，观察组56例在常规治疗基础上联合介入治疗，对比分析两组患者的治疗效果。结果观察组患者血管内治疗均获成功，患者肢体血供明显改善，有效促进糖尿病足溃疡愈合。结论采用介入治疗糖尿病外周血管病变具有良好的效果，能显著改善患者的血供，有效控制糖尿病外周血管病变的进展。     

Utilisation des ballons actifs dans l’angioplastie coronaire : indications actuelles et perspectives

The paclitaxel-eluting balloon is an emerging percutaneous coronary angioplasty tool which aim is to prevent restenosis by delivering a high intravessel paclitaxel dose during balloon inflation. It has been already approved in the treatment of bare metal stent restenosis and is being investigated in drug-eluting stent restenosis. For the treatment of de novo lesions, it could be used alone or in combination with bare metal stent implantation. Most interesting results were obtained by a drug-eluting balloon alone strategy in small vessels angioplasty. Current and upcoming results of this evolving technology are reviewed.     

贵州农村新生儿溶血症群体技术干预效果示范研究

目的:探索贵州农村新生儿溶血症群体干预的有效策略和方法。方法:采用人群预防实验研究方法,在干预县建立示范区,引入新生儿溶血症干预技术进行一年的现场干预。通过对实验区和对照区地区间及干预前后的结果比较,了解新生儿溶血症干预的实施效果。结果:研究共纳入15 795名计划怀孕或已孕妇女作为研究对象,开展新生儿溶血症干预研究,其中干预组8 216人,对照组7 579人;开展血型筛查7 762人,筛查率94.47%;发现高危夫妇659对,其中怀孕615人;开展高危对象孕期B超监测603人,监测率98.05%;高危孕妇血清IgG抗A(B)效价92例;产后访视高危对象615名,访视率100.00%;干预组未发生因新生儿溶血症和母子血型不合高胆红素血症死亡病例,对照组因新生儿溶血症死亡2例,母子血型不合高胆红素血症死亡1例。结论:群体干预技术能够明显降低新生儿溶血症发病率。     

温州某寄宿高中学生抗生素知信行干预效果评价

目的 了解温州市高中生抗生素基本知识、态度和行为现状,引导学生合理正确使用抗生素.方法 整群抽取温州市某寄宿制学校高一、高二年级学生1400名,再从中随机抽取381名学生.干预前实际调查学生337名,干预后实际调查学生310名.通过不记名、自填问卷及小组笔谈、个别谈话的方法进行调查.结果 干预后高中生抗生素知识总知晓率提高了29.9个百分点,抗生素药物辨认率提高了33.5个百分点.81.3％的学生备有抗生素药物,其中最多的是阿莫西林,占备用抗生素的72.7％.抗生素最多来自医院,占62.9％.干预后有87.1％的学生认为有必要增加抗生素安全使用知识.结论 高中学生抗生素知识匮乏,滥用抗生素严重,存在用药安全隐患.应加强抗生素相关知识宣传,提高学生对抗生素的认知率.     

2011年深圳市光明新区婴儿喂养方式现状调查

目的了解光明新区婴儿喂养方式现状,比较独生子女与非独生子女之间的差异,研究两个群体有效的营养行为干预模式。方法 2011年7月1～8日在深圳市光明新区社区儿童保健门诊,对330名0～3岁散居婴幼儿的主要照顾者进行回顾性调查,调查表由医务人员填写,主要内容包括婴幼儿基本情况、喂养现状及补充食品添加情况,以及家长关于婴儿期喂养、营养知识和行为等。结果独生子女家庭年均收入与非独生子女家庭年均收入差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;独生子女母乳喂养率为35.13%,非独生子女为76.08%（P〈0.05）;断奶时间：独生子女为4.10月,非独生子女为8.08月（P〈0.05）;6个月龄时独生子女补充食品添加占29.87%,非独生子女占19.19%（P〈0.01）,两人群补充食品添加种类和频率差异均有统计学意义。结论科学合理的喂养方式取决于主要抚养人的喂养行为以及母亲的文化程度,家庭收入不是科学喂养的主要障碍,独生子女补充食物添加及喂养方式更为科学合理,分层次践行科学育儿中心-社区-家庭的干预模式。     

Lifestyle interventions targeting changes in body weight and composition among youth with an intellectual disability: A systematic review

Over the past three decades, the potential effects of lifestyle interventions targeting changes in body weight and composition (weight, body mass index, fat mass, waist circumference) among adults with an intellectual disability (ID) have been examined in various systematic reviews. Nevertheless, since the middle of the 1980s, the potential effects of these interventions for youth with an ID remain an open question. The purpose of this article is to review the effects of lifestyle interventions targeting changes in body weight and composition among youth with an ID. This review will focus on changes in body weight and composition, healthy lifestyle, and secondary health conditions. A systematic review of English- and French-language studies, published between 1981 and 2013, was performed on Academic Search Complete, PsycARTICLES, Medline and Scopus. The nine studies included in this review focused mainly on: a sample with a wide age range (e.g., 7–22 years); males; overweight-obese youth having a mild-to-moderate ID with Down or Prader-Willi syndrome; physical activity interventions; cohort pre- and post-test designs with/without a control group; and changes in body weight and composition. Taken together, results from these studies suggest successful changes in weight, body mass index and fat mass. However, intervention effects on healthy lifestyle and secondary health conditions are scarce and inconclusive. Given the weaknesses of the reviewed studies, the present findings should be considered preliminary and indicative of the need for future research.