Lateral actions at the inner plexiform layer of the carp retina: effects of turning windmill pattern stimulus

Lateral action from amacrine to ganglion cells was studied in the isolated carp retina by using a truncated windmill pattern (TWP). About 25% of ganglion cells of both "on" and "off" center types were suppressed or enhanced in firing activity in response to TWP turning. The suppressed cells were more sensitive to slow turning velocities of TWP than the enhanced cells. In the "on-off" type amacrine cells, a steady depolarizing or hyperpolarizing component (less than several mV) was maintained by stationary TWP, while the cells were exclusively depolarized by turning TWP at a wide range of velocities. These results suggest that individual responses of ganglion cells induced by both stationary and turning TWP are depending on a balance between two factors: the polarizing direction of steady components of the "on-off" amacrine cells and the polarizing direction of ganglion cells synaptically produced by the amacrine cells.     

基于内蒙古地区的非传统脂质参数与脑卒中的关联性研究

  目的  非传统脂质参数已被证实与心血管疾病有关,而内蒙古地区作为脑卒中高发和特定的血脂特征地区,非传统脂质参数与脑卒中风险的关联性研究较少。本研究利用内蒙古地区“心血管病高危人群早期筛查与综合干预项目”探索内蒙古地区非传统脂质参数与脑卒中的关联。  方法  2015―2017年,收集中国北部内蒙古地区35~75岁常住人群的人口学基本信息及各项血脂指标,最终纳入32 518人参与本项研究。将各脂质参数分为四分位,以第1四分位为参照,采用多因素Logistic回归分析模型探索非传统脂质参数与脑卒中的OR值及95% CI值。  结果  本研究含脑卒中患者1 949人,以脑卒中为因变量,调整相关因素后的Logistic回归分析模型结果表明,以各非传统脂质参数第1四分位为参照,第4四分位的TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C与脑卒中有关,其对应OR值分别为1.390(95% CI: 1.206~1.601)、1.380(95% CI: 1.201~1.585)及1.473(95% CI: 1.276~1.699);且随着各脂质参数水平的升高,脑卒中风险增加(均有P < 0.001)。在不同性别、年龄中除非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Non-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, Non-HDL-C)外,TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C及TG/HDL-C与脑卒中风险相关。  结论  TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C及TG/HDL-C为脑卒中的危险因素,相比于传统脂质参数,非传统脂质参数与脑卒中的关联更强,其可作为脑卒中风险分层及一级预防的新指标。     

从心身同治角度针灸对乳腺癌关节痛患者生命质量改善的临床研究

目的:评价基于《黄帝内经》心身疾病病因的整体选穴与乳腺癌芳香化酶抑制剂(AI)关节痛局部配穴相结合的针灸方法,对乳腺癌康复期AI关节痛患者生命质量及局部关节症状的临床疗效。方法:选取2019年1月至2021年5月南京医科大学第一附属医院乳腺外科筛选使用唑来膦酸的乳腺癌AI患者232例作为研究对象,依据针灸意愿分为对照组(n=19)和观察组(n=16),对照组采用唑来膦酸常规镇痛,观察组在唑来膦酸的基础上采用整体及局部取穴相结合的方法针灸治疗,共治疗4周,分别评价治疗前、治疗2周、4周、8周时的乳腺癌患者生命质量量表(FACT-B)生命质量评分以及简明疼痛评估量表(BPI-SF)关节痛评分,同时评估针灸治疗的安全性。结果:治疗4周以及8周时观察组FACT-B生命质量评分较对照组高,治疗4周时观察组BPI-SF疼痛评分较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用整体配穴调和心身与局部选穴缓急止痛相结合的针灸方法对乳腺癌康复期AI患者的生命质量以及局部关节症状有较好的临床疗效。     

Antenatal differentiation of the human intervertebral disc

Summary To study the antenatal differentiation of the human intervertebral disc, the columns of forty eight embryos and fetuses were examined histologically. The primitive disc is composed of two structures: the notochord which shows a progressive expansion into the disc, and the fibrocartilaginous perinotochordal disc. No histological sign of interaction between notochordal and perinotochordal cells, which may explain the notochordal expansion into the discs, was seen. On the other hand, the notochordal intervention in the cartilaginous differentiation of the inner zone is probable.

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Différenciation anténatale du disque intervertébral humain

Résumé Cette étude de la différenciation anténatale du disque intervertébral humain repose sur l'examen de coupes histologiques de quarante huit colonnes vertébrales d'embryons et de foetus. Le disque primitif est composé de deux structures : la notochorde, qui présente une expansion progressive de son diamètre au sein du disque, et le disque périnotochordal, d'abord mésenchymateux puis fibrocartilagineux. Il n'a pas été mis en évidence de signe histologique témoignant d'une interaction entre les cellules notochordales et les cellules périnotochordales qui puisse expliquer l'expansion de la notochorde au sein des disques. Le rôle de la notochorde dans la différenciation cartilagineuse de la zone centrale est par contre probable.

     

Differentiation of proton-pumping activity in cultured renal inner medullary collecting duct cells

Cultured inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells have been shown to secrete protons (H⁺) by two mechanisms: anN-ethylmaleimide-and dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide-sensitive electrogenic H⁺-ATPase or H⁺ pump, and an amiloride-sensitive, secondary active Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger. These cells also express Cl^–/HCO₃ ^– exchange and carbonic anhydrase activity in common with other renal epithelial cells involved in acid-base transport. Video fluorescence microscopy of individual cells using 2, 7-biscarboxyethyl-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein has demonstrated that adjacent-cultured IMCD cells show substantial functional intercellular heterogeneity. The development of H⁺-pumping activity is associated with high-baseline intracellular pH and peanut agglutinin (PNA) affinity, and loss of mitotic activity and of Na⁺/H⁺ exchange. The H⁺-pumping activity may be further enhanced by removal of fetal calf serum for 6–54 h or by selecting cells with high PNA affinity. IMCD cells in their most differentiated state form domes, which consistently showed the highest rates of H⁺-pumping activity, as well as high affinity for peanut lectin. When IMCD were plated at low density, domes developed relatively late (2–4 weeks), at which time cells located in the center of nests of contiguously growing cells were quiescent and showed H⁺-pumping activity but no Na⁺/H⁺ exchange. On the other hand, dense plating was associated with early development of domes (end of 1st week), at which time adjacent cells showed a high mitotic activity and Na⁺/H⁺ exchange, but no H⁺-pumping activity. We speculate that differentiation of IMCD cells results in the development of cell polarity. This could include either loss of the apical Na⁺/H⁺-exchange activity, or localization of this exchanger only to the basolateral membrane, while the H⁺ pump differentiates at the apical membrane.     

《内经》非药物疗法的防病治病机理初探

非药物疗法是中医治疗学中的一个重要组成部分.<内经>中的非药物疗法,通过协调阴阳平衡、调和气血运行、调节神志活动、调整脏腑功能等作用,对防病治病、养生益寿有重要意义.     

肾包虫病（附二例报道）

目的：介绍内蒙古地区最先诊断并治疗肾包虫病患者的临床资料;方法：２例均施行内囊 除术,其中１例为开放性肾包虫,行患肾切除术;结果：近期随访均未复发;结论：Ｂ超检查,此病可因包虫内“子囊”、“孙囊”造成“混合性回声超波”;ＣＴ扫描本病的囊壁较肾囊肿略厚,并显示特有的“囊中囊”征或囊内窝状分隔;患者Ｃａｓｏｎｉ皮内多呈阳性。     

内蒙古医学病毒学研究进展

目的：总结改革开放２０年来,内蒙古医学病毒学取得的一些瞩目成绩。方法：查阅中国生物医学文献光盘数据库,分析宾些年来内蒙古医学病毒学各类科研究进展。结果：内蒙古医学病毒学各学科研究均取得了一睦成绩,其中乙型肝炎、出血热病毒、化状病毒、巨细胞病毒、艾滋病病毒以及人类基因工程研究方面的成果已达到国内先进水平。结论：２０世纪内蒙古的医学成果已为下一世纪的研究尊定了基础,相信内蒙古的医学病毒学研究在２１世纪     

内蒙古自治区糖尿病患病率调查

目的：调查内蒙古地区２０～７４岁人群糖尿病（ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓｍｅｌｉｔｕｓ,ＤＭ）及糖耐量减低（Ｉｍｐａｉｒｅｄｇｌｕｃｏｓｅｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ,ＩＧＴ）的患病率。方法：根据ＷＨＯ１９８５年标准,采用自然人群,分层整群抽样方法对本地区２０～７４岁的４８５８人群于１９９６－１０～１９９７－０２进行了调查。结果：目前内蒙古地区ＤＭ及ＩＧＴ患病率分别为１７９％和３５６％,首府城市最高,中小城市次之,贫困农区最低。ＤＭ及ＩＧＴ患病率随年龄、体重指数及腰／臀比的增加而增高。结论：内蒙古地区调查结果与国内外调查结果一致,说明在人民生活水平发生深刻变化的年代,糖尿病正以惊人的速度增长。防治糖尿病是十分迫切的工作。     

内耳畸形患儿的人工耳蜗植入

目的：探讨几种内耳畸形患儿的人工耳蜗植入效果。方法：对10例内耳结构异常的感音性耳聋患儿进行了人工耳蜗植入。结果：术后随访0．5～4．0年，10例基本达到了较满意的听觉言语恢复效果。结论：内耳畸形息儿行人工耳蜗植入，应严格进行术前听力学与影像学的评估，严格掌握手术的适应证，可以达到较满意效果。