冠脉病变与血清同型半胱氨酸及脂蛋白（a）的相关性研究

目的:观察冠心病(CHD)患者冠状动脉病变程度与血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)和血清脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]水平间的相关性。方法:选择经冠状动脉造影确诊的CHD患者108例为CHD组,其中亚组:稳定型心绞痛(SAP)37例,不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)36例,急性心肌梗死(AMI)35例,另选择82例健康体检者为健康对照组,比较两组及CHD组内各亚组血清Hcy和Lp(a)水平,分析冠状动脉病变程度与血清Hcy、Lp (a)水平的相关性。结果:与健康对照组比较,CHD组血清Hcy[(7.1±2.1)μmol/L比(15.6±5.0)μmol/L]和Lp(a)[(122.6±20.4)mg/L比(220.2±42.6)mg/L]水平均显著升高(P均=0.001);且与SAP组比较,UAP组和AMI组血清Hcy[(12.5±4.0)μmol/L比(18.1±5.9)μmol/L、(20.1±6.0)μmol/L]和Lp(a)[(150.8±30.8)mg/L比(272.8±50.3)mg/L、(280.6±52.9)mg/L]水平及Gensini评分[(15.5±8.5)分比(50.6±11.2)分、(54.3±12.8)分]均显著升高(P均=0.001);Pearson相关分析显示,CHD患者冠状动脉病变程度与血清Hcy及Lp(a)水平呈显著正相关(r=0.582、0.663,P均=0.001)。结论:血清Hcy和Lp(a)水平与CHD冠状动脉病变程度呈正相关,联合检测之有助于了解病情,并指导治疗。     

HCY水平对于2型糖尿病早期肾病的独立预测意义

目的研究血清同型半胱氨酸（HCY）水平与2型糖尿病（T2DM）早期肾病的关系。方法将收集到的112例T2DM患者作为观察组,按尿微量白蛋白含量分为三组：正常白蛋白组、早期肾病组和临床蛋白尿组,对HCY水平分别进行检测,与正常对照组进行分析比较。结果 T2DM早期肾病中HCY水平显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;T2DM各亚型HCY水平与对照组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;且HCY的变化与尿微量白蛋白有一定相关性。结论血清HCY水平的变化与T2DM早期肾病密切相关,可作为T2DM早期肾病的预测因素,检测T2DM患者HCY水平有利于判断及诊断糖尿病早期肾病的发生。     

叶酸调控H型高血压Hcy水平及心血管事件发生的临床观察

目的 研究观察叶酸调控H型高血压患者同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平和心血管事件发生概率的影响.方法 选择我院门诊治疗的134例H型高血压患者,均采用常规健康教育及降压治疗,同时加用叶酸调控治疗.所有患者均随访12个月,观察治疗前后患者血清Hcy水平变化及患者心血管事件发生情况.结果 患者治疗后Hcy水平明显下降,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义.随访12个月,无心血管事件发生,发生率为0％,治疗前、后比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 对H型高血压患者在常规治疗基础上采用叶酸调控治疗可降低患者Hcy水平,从而减少心血管事件的发生率,提高患者生活质量.     

H型高血压患者的血压变异性研究

目的观察H型高血压患者血压变异性的特点。方法连续选择2011年2月~2013年2月于军事科学院门诊部就诊的80例原发性高血压患者,分别进行血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平测定和动态血压监测,根据Hcy水平分为H型高血压组(n=44)和非H型高血压组(n=36),分析比较两组间的血压变异性。结果与非H型高血压患者相比,H型高血压组患者24h平均收缩压标准差(24hSSD)[(15.83±4.02)mmHg vs.(13.25±3.89)mmHg]、白昼收缩压标准差(dSSD)[(16.82±4.98)mmHg vs.(12.75±3.86)mmHg]、白昼舒张压标准差(dDSD)[(10.29±2.23)mmHg vs.(8.62±1.82)mmHg]和夜间收缩压标准差(nSSD)[(12.88±4.54)mmHg vs.(10.12±3.36)mmHg]明显增高,差异具有统计学意义(P均0.05)显著。结论与非H型高血压患者相比,H型高血压患者血压变异性增高。     

叶酸代谢基因多态性及Hcy水平与新生儿早产、出生体重的关系

目的探究叶酸代谢基因多态性及同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与新生儿早产、出生体重的关系。方法选取我院2018年11月~2019年3月收治的80例孕妇进行研究,于孕早期采集口腔黏膜标本予以检测,以检测结果为标准,将叶酸代谢障碍遗传风险分为无/低风险(39例)和中/高风险(41例);同时检测孕妇的Hcy水平,并详细记录。分析不同基因型及Hcy水平与新生儿早产、出生体重的相关性。结果Hcy水平与新生儿出生体重呈正相关(r=0.168,P=0.002),MTRR A66G基因型与新生儿早产呈正相关(r=0.174,P=0.001),基因型总风险与新生儿早产呈正相关(r=0.159,P=0.004)。中/高风险孕妇早产率为20.51%(8/39),无/低风险孕妇早产率为4.88%(2/41),中/高风险孕妇早产率高于无/低风险组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分娩巨大儿孕妇Hcy水平为(5.76±0.73)μmol/L,分娩正常体重儿孕妇Hcy水平为(4.23±0.59)μmol/L,分娩极低体重儿孕妇Hcy水平为(4.01±0.56)μmol/L,分娩巨大儿孕妇Hcy水平高于分娩正常体重儿孕妇和分娩极低体重儿孕妇HCY水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。叶酸代谢障碍不同风险程度出生体重分布相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论叶酸代谢能力与早产具有相关性,叶酸代谢障碍越严重,早产儿的发生率越高;孕妇Hcy水平与新出生儿体重具有相关性,孕妇Hcy水平越高,新生儿出生体重越重。     

Fracture is additionally attributed to hyperhomocysteinemia in men and premenopausal women with type 2 diabetes

Aims/Introduction

Data on hyperhomocysteinemia in relation to fractures in diabetes are limited. We aimed to explore the relationship between plasma total homocysteine concentrations and fractures in men and premenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and Methods

Diabetic and control participants (n = 292) were enrolled in a cross‐sectional hospital‐based study. Bone mineral density and fractures were documented by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry and X‐ray film, respectively. Plasma total homocysteine concentrations were measured using fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Risk factors for low bone mineral density or fractures and determinants of homocysteine were obtained from blood samples and the interviewer questionnaire.

Results

Plasma total homocysteine levels were higher in diabetic participants with fractures than without (8.6 [2.1] μmol/L vs 10.3 [3.0] μmol/L, P = 0.000). Diabetic participants with fractures had similar bone mineral densities as control participants. The association of homocysteine with the fracture was independent of possible risk factors for fractures (e.g., age, duration of diabetes, glycated hemoglobin, body mass index, thiazolidenediones and retinopathy) and determinants of homocysteine concentration (e.g., age, sex, serum folate and vitamin B₁₂, renal status and biguanide use; odds ratio 1.41, 95% confidence interval 1.05–2.03, P = 0.020). Furthermore, per increase of 5.0 μmol/L plasma homocysteine was related to the fracture, after controlling for per unit increase of other factors (odds ratio 1.42, 95% confidence interval 1.12–1.78, P = 0.013).

Conclusions

Plasma total homocysteine concentration is independently associated with occurrence of fractures in men and premenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Future prospective studies are warranted to clarify the relationship.     

血清Lp-PLA2、Hcy及hs-CRP联合检测对急性冠状动脉综合征辅助诊断的临床价值

目的 探讨血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)及超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)联合检测对急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)的诊断价值。方法 收集2019年1月至12月延安大学附属医院心血管内科就诊的ACS患者140例, 其中不稳定心绞痛(UA)患者60例(UA组), 急性心肌梗死(AMI)80例(AMI组), 选取同期本院体检中心的健康人群100例为对照组(HC组), 测定各组Lp-PLA2、Hcy、hs-CRP水平。评价3项指标单独及联合检测对AMI的诊断性能。采用单因素方差比较各组间检测指标的差异, 采用受试者工作曲线评价各检测指标的诊断性能。结果 受试者Lp-PLA2、Hcy、hs-CRP水平(中位数), HC组分别为:194.5 μg/L、7.65 μmol/L、2.96 mg/L;UA组的分别为:301 μg/L、9.15 μmol/L、6.25 mg/L;AMI组的分别为:376 μg/L、14.5 μmol/L、5.95 mg/L。AMI组Lp-PLA2、Hcy水平高于UA组(t₂=23.317、1.799, 均P＜0.05), AMI组Lp-PLA2、Hcy、hs-CRP水平高于HC组(t₁=20.811、1.600、2.695, P＜0.05)。单独检测时, Lp-PLA2对AMI的诊断性能最大(AUC=0.781);两两联合检测时, Lp-PLA2+Hcy联合检测对AMI的诊断性能较好(AUC=0.838, Se=77.5%, Sp=81.7%, YI=0.592);Lp-PLA2+Hcy+hs-CRP(AUC=0.838, Se=78.8%, Sp=81.7%, YI=0.605)联合检测的灵敏度高于Lp-PLA2+Hcy联合检测, 但未能显著提高对AMI的诊断性能。结论 单独检测时, Lp-PLA2对AMI的诊断性能较好, 而Lp-PLA2+Hcy联合检测时对AMI有较高的诊断性能。     

Hcy水平对脑梗死患者脑动脉狭窄程度和硬化状况的影响

目的 探讨同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine,Hcy）水平对脑梗死患者脑动脉狭窄程度和硬化状况的影响。方法 选取2019 年1 月～2019 年12 月在我院诊治的脑梗死患者82 例作为研究对象,根据血浆Hcy 的水平,分为观察组（Hcy＞15 μmol/L,42 例）和对照组（Hcy 5～15 μmol/L,40 例）,采用磁共振血管成像（Magnetic resonance angiography,MRA）测定血管的狭窄程度并采用彩色多普勒超声仪测定颈动脉斑块硬化程度,并采用Pearson 分析Hcy水平与脑动脉狭窄程度和硬化状况的相关性。结果 与对照组相比,观察组患者的无狭窄率显著降低（7.14% vs 32.50%）,重度狭窄率（54.76% vs 30.00%）和总狭窄率（92.86% vs 67.50%）显著升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;与对照组相比,观察组患者不稳定斑块例数显著升高（59.52% vs 30.00%）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;Pearson相关性分析结果显示,Hcy 水平与脑动脉狭窄程度和硬化状况呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）。结论 血浆Hcy 水平与脑梗死患者脑动脉狭窄程度及动脉粥样硬化状况密切相关,临床应密切关注。     

The Role of Homocysteine‐Lowering B‐Vitamins in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the Western world. The effort of research should aim at the primary prevention of CVD. Alongside statin therapy, which is maintained to be an effective method of CVD prevention, there are alternative methods such as vitamin B substitution therapy with folic acid (FA), and vitamins B₁₂ and B₆. B‐vitamins may inhibit atherogenesis by decreasing the plasma level of homocysteine (Hcy)—a suspected etiological factor for atherosclerosis—and by other mechanisms, primarily through their antioxidant properties. Although Hcy‐lowering vitamin trials have failed to demonstrate beneficial effects of B‐vitamins in the prevention of CVD, a meta‐analysis and stratification of a number of large vitamin trials have suggested their effectiveness in cardiovascular prevention (CVP) in some aspects. Furthermore, interpretation of the results from these large vitamin trials has been troubled by statin/aspirin therapy, which was applied along with the vitamin substitution, and FA fortification, both of which obscured the separate effects of vitamins in CVP. Recent research results have accentuated a new approach to vitamin therapy for CVP. Studies undertaken with the aim of primary prevention have shown that vitamin B substitution may be effective in the primary prevention of CVD and may also be an option in the secondary prevention of disease if statin therapy is accompanied by serious adverse effects. Further investigations are needed to determine the validity of vitamin substitution therapy before its introduction in the protocol of CVD prevention.     

急性脑梗死患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平和脑梗死相关危险因素及分型的相关性研究

目的探讨不同水平的同型半胱氨酸和脑梗死相关危险因素及脑梗死TOAST分型之间的相关性。方法选取我院卒中单元2010年1月～2011年3月急性脑梗死患者,根据患者血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平首先将急性脑梗死患者分为正常（〈15umol/L）及轻度增高组（15umol/L～30umol/L）及中重度增高组（≥30umol/L）;根据患者的卒中危险因素、临床特点及影像学资料对所有患者行TOAST分型。结果①Hcy轻度增高组与Hcy正常相比,血浆维生素B12水平明显降低（P〈0.001）,余危险因素之间比较无统计学差异;而Hcy中重度增高组与正常组与相比,中重度增高组男性比例（P=0.014）及吸烟率（P=0.019）明显高于正常组、高血压患病率（P=0.004）及血浆维生素B12水平（P=0.002）明显低于正常;②Hcy正常组、Hcy轻度增高组的TOAST分型均以大动脉粥样硬化性卒中（LAA）型比例最高、其次为小动脉闭塞性卒中（SAO）型,而Hcy中重度增高组以SAO型比例最高,其次为心源性脑栓死（CE）型,Hcy中重度增高组LAA型比例明显低于Hcy正常组（P=0.007）,具有统计学差异;结论脑梗死患者不同水平的Hcy伴有不同的卒中危险因素及不同的TOAST构成,Hcy中重度增高伴有高的男性比例及吸烟率,伴有低的高血压比例及低血浆维生素B12水平;Hcy中重度增高组TOAST分型以SAO型。