告别“默认的异性恋者”——男女同志身份认同研究

本文通过对6名男同志和8名女同志的半结构访谈,探讨男女同志身份认同的历程。本文认为,异性恋中心主义的象征暴力赋予每个个体"默认的异性恋者"身份,对于具备同性情欲的个体而言,构建起同志身份认同是一个身份转轨的过程。这个过程由对同性的性欲望和浪漫感受开启,对基于性向身份的知识的学习贯穿期间,社会边缘处境和家庭构成认同的过程的障碍,个体可能为做一名异性恋者而努力,包括寻求心理治疗、与异性恋爱,但以失败告终。同志身份的潜台词是一位失败的异性恋者,但同志身份的意义在于终结误读。     

HIV generations? Generational discourse in interviews with Australian general practitioners and their HIV positive gay male patients

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is typically represented as a turning point in the social and medical history of HIV/AIDS, leading to a conceptual division into pre- and post-HAART eras. This paper explores how generational discourse is produced in interviews with general practitioners (GPs) and their HIV positive gay male patients in making sense of this moment and related changes in the Australian HIV epidemic. A theme of ‘HIV generations’ was identified in in-depth interviews with GPs who have HIV medication prescribing rights (based in Sydney, Adelaide and rural-coastal New South Wales) and the HIV positive gay men who attend their practices. In a closer analysis, generational discourse was identified across the interviews with GPs, characterising pre- and post-HAART HIV generations through three main features: treatment histories, socioeconomic status, and modes of survivorship. While generational discourse was less common in the accounts of HIV positive gay men, many of their examples wove together two narrative forms – ‘a different time’ and ‘difference today’ – suggesting that concepts of time and inequity are deeply embedded in these men’s understandings of the HIV experience. Our analysis indicates that generational concepts play a significant role in shaping both professional and ‘lay’ understandings of changes and patterns in the HIV epidemic.     

浴池型男男性行为人群HIV感染现状及预防

通过查询文献,分析浴池型男男性行为人群HIV感染状况及影响因素。浴池MSM人群有其特殊性,浴池型MSM更有可能发生不安全性行为;在同性恋浴池内感染性病、艾滋病的风险随年龄的增大而增大;在浴池活动的MSM,更容易暴露于感染的危险中;作为桥梁人群,不但增大了其他MSM人群HIV感染风险,同时也增加了HIV向普通人群蔓延的危险;监测和干预难度较大,对阳性者的管理难以达到目的。     

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SOCIAL WORKER PARTICIPATION IN RURAL PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

This paper analyzes four attempts to establish programs involving social worker participation in rural primary health care agencies. Successful programs are likely to be those in which the host physicians have been involved in program design and have specifically invited participation by social workers. The successful solicitation of such invitations will require the development of multilevel advocacy programs and effective communication strategies.     

有同性固定性伴侣男男性行为者非专一性行为的影响因素研究

目的了解有同性固定性伴侣男男性行为者（men who have sex with men,MSM）非专一性行为的影响因素。方法对2009年建立的MSM人群开放性研究队列在2010年随访调查基础上进行调查,不足基线调查样本部分,用滚雪球采样法招募补足,进行相关行为学和生物学调查。结果在调查405例中,84．9％（344／405）现有或有过同性固定性伴侣（boyfriend,BF）,艾滋病病毒（human immunodeficiency virus,HIV）感染率6．1％（21／344）、新发感染率5．2／100人年（12／228．9）、梅毒现症感染率8．1％（28／344）、新发感染率0．9／100人年（2／228．9）。累计BF数平均（2．7±1．9）人,68．9％（237／344）彼此知道对方HIV／性病健康状况。认为BF间应该使用安全套占85．8％（295／344）,近6月BF问每次使用安全套占58．9％（106／180）。有BF期间占19．2％（66／344）有同性非专一性行为,占5．5％（19／344）同时有过2个以上BF。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄,艾滋病知识来源电视、来源朋友,近6月男性肛交数、群交行为,累计异性性伴数,同时有2个及以上BF是非专一性行为的独立影响因素。结论MSM人群存在有BF关系的较为普遍,但专一性不够,容易成为艾滋病传播的重要社会网络群体。     

HIV-related syndemic pathways and risk subjectivities among gay and bisexual men: a qualitative investigation

Abstract

Life history interviews were conducted with 40 gay and bisexual men to identify modes of syndemic experience and risk practice. Out of the interview narratives emerged one major and two minor modes of developmental pathway whereby syndemic conditions are navigated and expressed: (1) a combination of adverse childhood events with later episodes of depression and/or substantial substance use; (2) personal disruption that led to periods of depression and anxiety associated with the stresses of migration; and (3) a disorientation and an unravelling of life trajectory in the transition from family of origin to college or work. Risk practices fell into three high-risk modes: active and frequent engagement in condomless sex; unassertive deferment to a partner’s initiation of condomless sex; and episodic risk combined with a risk reduction strategy. Three low risk modes were also identified: no recent condomlessness but multiple risk history in interview; a trajectory over time from high to low risk; and consistent low risk practice. These different modes of syndemic experience and risk management may have implications for identification of the effective HIV prevention tools that work best for different sets of men.     

珠海同志互联网社区297名男男性行为人群行为特征分析及HIV/梅毒流行状况

目的:了解珠海地区活跃在同志互联网社区的男男性行为(MSM)人群的艾滋病与梅毒知识知晓情况、行为特征及感染状况,为制订防控措施提供依据。方法:利用同志互联网社区匿名招募MSM,在艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)门诊现场咨询填写问卷,采集血样进行血清学监测。结果:共调查297人,平均年龄(28.41±5.32)岁,学历以大专及以上为主(45.79%),未婚者占90.24%,3个月内性行为均使用安全套者占43.43%,性病艾滋病知识平均知晓率67.71%。血清学监测167人,其中HIV阳性6人(3.59%),梅毒阳性25人(14.97%)。结论:珠海市来源于互联网社区的MSM人群高危行为普遍存在,梅毒艾滋病感染率较高,性病知识知晓率较低,应大力促进安全性行为,尤其需注意普及性病防治知识,遏制相关疾病的蔓延。     

Male Body Image Self-Consciousness During Physical Intimacy (M-BISC): Validating the M-BISC With Gay Men

Introduction

An expanding area of research within the realm of body image is its role in human sexual functioning, which denotes people’s overall satisfaction with their performance during a specific sexual encounter. Traditionally, studies investigating the association between body image and sexual functioning have focused on women. The Male Body Image Self-Consciousness Scale (M-BISC) was developed to exclusively assess male body image self-consciousness during sexual activity using a sample consisting primarily of heterosexual men.