黄芪对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞增生水平的影响

目的：探讨黄芪注射液(AM)对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞(GMCs)增生作用的影响。方法:实验分三组，空白对照组，脂多糖组(LPS)，综合组(LPS十AM)。采用MTT掺入方法，于24、48小时，观察三组GMCs增生水平。结果：综合组于48小时GMCs增生的抑制最为显著，且GMCs增生水平明显低于脂多糖组(P＜0．01)和空白对照组(P＜0．05)。结论：AM能抑制大鼠GMCs增生。     

Art in medical education: Especially plastic surgery

The importance of art studies in the training of plastic surgeons has not been well recognized. Presently, very few medical schools offer courses on art or include it in the humanities. Because the study of art is a great experience that helps to develop the trained eye, the inclusion of art in medical education is recommended. For plastic and aesthetic surgeons, art knowledge can greatly add to the development of surgical skill. Courses in drawing, modeling, and casting are recommended along with lectures or seminars on art appreciation.Delivered as the Nojarova Lecture at the New York Academy of Medicine, the New York Regional Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, March 3, 1990. Also given at the Italian-American Conference of Plastic Surgeons, Venice, Italy, September 23, 1990     

心脏搭桥术对糖尿病人降糖治疗方案的影响

目的 :通过观察 型糖尿病 (DM- )行心脏冠脉搭桥术 (CABG)术后血糖水平的升高到恢复至术前状态的过程 ,从而判断 CABG对 DM- 降糖治疗的影响。方法 :选择 36例 DM- 合并冠心病病人 ,均于体外循环 (CPB)下行心脏搭桥术 ,从术前监测血糖 ,直至术后第七天 ,于术中及术后根据血糖水平适当应用胰岛素 ,观察其对降糖治疗效果及血糖趋于稳定的过程 ,从而判断 CABG对 DM- 血糖的影响。结果 :术中及术后 1～ 3d血糖会较术前明显升高 ,需加用胰岛素助降糖 ,术后 3d血糖渐降 ,第六天趋于稳定 ,第七天恢复至接近术前水平。结论 :DM- ,病人行 CABG术 ,只要围术期有效控制血糖 ,术后血糖基本会逐渐恢复至术前状态 ,对其今后的降糖治疗不会造成严重影响     

Predictive power of various models for longitudinal attachment level change

Abstract Several statistical models that have been suggested in the periodontal literature for describing longitudinal attachment level changes, such as the gradual loss, single-burst, multiple-burst, and random walk models as well as other models introduced in this paper are compared by their power to predict future attachment loss. The data used in this analysis is from 1061 sites of 8 subjects, with moderate to severe periodontal disease, monitored monthly for about a year. This study found that none of the suggested models could significantly outperform the naive mean predictor, which predicts the future attachment level from the past mean. It was also found that no single model, such as the burst, gradual, or random walk, together with measurement error can fully explain the variation in the data. These results indicate that in the course of one year, the attachment level change may not follow the same model. Consequently, a model that fits well to past data cannot be accurately extended to the future.     

A new synthesis of Rink's polymer, 4-(2′,4′-dimethoxyphenylhydroxymethyl) phenoxymethylpolystyrene

For solid-phase peptide synthesis, 2, 4-dimethoxy-4′ -hydroxybenzhydrol linker was prepared via lithium borohydride reduction of 2, 4-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxybenzophenone. The potassium salt of the linker was coupled to chloromethylpolystyrene. This method proved to be better than use of the cesium salt. This new synthesis gave a polymer with appropriate structure and a good degree of substitution.     

飞行员配穿两种囊式抗荷服在不同环境温度和代谢水平时的热应激

目的　探讨飞行员配穿囊式抗荷服在不同环境温度、不同代谢水平条件下的热应激 ,为评价囊式抗荷服的热负荷和制定相应的保障措施提供理论依据。方法　 6名受试者分别配穿KH - 3抗荷服及配套装备和KH - 7抗荷服及配套装备 (以下分别简称为“KH - 3”和“KH -7”) ,以不同代谢水平暴露于 2 0℃、2 5℃和 35℃环境。每次试验 70min。测量了受试者配穿KH- 3和KH - 7时的卫生学参数、皮肤温度、直肠温度、心率等 ,并以综合热应激指数 (CIHS)评定了热应激防护等级。结果　KH - 3和KH - 7的各项卫生学参数 (clo值、im、im/IJ)均无显著差别。KH - 3对照Ⅲ组和KH - 7对照Ⅳ组 (2 5℃ ,1178～ 132 5kJ·h- 115min ,36 8kJ·h- 15 5min)的CIHS均未超过生理安全限的 6 0 % (分别为 3.5 4和 3.4 6 ,属轻度热应激 ) ;KH - 3高代谢组和KH- 7高代谢组 (2 0℃ ,84 6～ 10 30kJ·h- 170min)的CIHS在生理安全限的 6 0 %～ 95 %之间 (分别为4 .2 4和 4 .6 0 ,属中度热应激 ) ;KH - 3高温组和KH - 7高温组 (35℃ ,1178～ 132 5kJ·h- 115min ,36 8kJ·h- 15 5min)的CIHS却超过生理安全限的 95 % (分别为 7.31和 7.87,属重度热应激 )。结论　受试者配穿KH - 3与KH - 7时的各项卫生学参数、热应激等均无显著差别 ,但配穿后者比     

Using educational interventions to improve the handwashing habits of preschool children

The effectiveness of educational activities on changing the handwashing habits of preschool children was evaluated using parental surveys and direct observations. Baseline handwashing behaviors were observed and recorded, and parents completed a pre-intervention survey. After interventions were administered, post-intervention data was collected on preschoolers' handwashing habits. Children participated in one, three or five handwashing intervention activities. Results of this study indicate that the educational activities implemented resulted in increased knowledge of the importance of proper handwashing and in positive changes in the children's handwashing habits, particularly for the children who participated in all five interventions.     

广东省城市社区卫生服务机构功能完善情况调查

目的 调查广东省不同组织形式的社区卫生服务机构功能完善情况。方法 采用问卷和现场检查的方式。结果 广东省城市社区卫生服务机构功能完善情况总体较好，但对某些服务功能如上级医院向下转诊、计划免疫工作的开展、配合计划生育工作等在不同组织形式中完善程度差异很大。结论 在社区卫生服务中，要进一步加强和完善健康教育进入社区、上级医院向下转诊、机构内计划免疫服务、家庭健康档案的建立等工作。     

心理保健教育对入伍新兵人格特征的影响

目的：探讨心理保健教育对新兵个性特征的影响。方法：采用：采用修订的成人艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）对2180名新兵个性特征进行调查，尔后以《军人精神卫生保健常识》为教材对他们进行心理健康保健教育，三年后对1533名完成者再次进行EPQ调查。结果：新兵及其自身对照级精神质（P）量表分均低于袭氏和艾氏常模，而内外向（E）量表分、神经质（N）量表分和效度（L）量表分均低于袭氏和艾氏常模，新兵内外向（E）量表分高于其自身对照组，而精神质（P），神经质（N）及效度（L）量表分则低于其自身对照组，而中间、外向、倾向外向则高于自身对照组（P＜0．05）；情绪稳定性也以中间型为多（分别为65．27％和68．95％），稳定和中间入伍新兵低于自身对照组，而倾向不稳定和不稳入伍则高于自身对照组（P＜0．01）。结论：心理保健教育对新兵个性特征有积极的影响。