中药结合心理干预治疗不安障碍40例

[目的]探索不安障碍治疗的有效途径。[方法]采用中药结合心理干预治疗不安障碍患者40例。[结果]显效31例(77·5%)、有效7例(17·5%)无效2例(5·0%)。SDS、CMI有显著性差异。[结论]中药结合心理干预治疗不安障碍疗效显著。     

SNAP指数监测瑞芬太尼-异丙酚麻醉患者镇静深度的可行性

目的 探讨SNAP指数（SI）监测异丙酚一瑞芬太尼麻醉患者镇静深度的可行性。方法 40例择期全麻手术男性患者，ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级，年龄18～60岁，体重指数20～30kg／m^22，随机分为R0、R2、R4、R6组，每组10例。R0组麻醉诱导时靶控输注（TCI）0．9％生理盐水，R2、R4、R6组分别以效应室靶浓度2、4、6n/MLTCI瑞芬太尼，输注10min时开始TCI异丙酚，异丙酚初始效应室靶浓度均为1．5μg／ml，每4min增加0．5μg／ml，改良警觉／镇静（OAA／S）评分为1分时给予强直刺激，记录在临床目标（改良OAA／S评分为1分、睫毛反射消失、对强直刺激反应消失）出现时SI、脑电双频谱指数（BIS）、异丙酚效应室靶浓度（Ct）、异丙酚效应室浓度（Ce），并对SI与改良OAMS评分、BIS、Ct、Ce进行直线相关分析。结果 SI与改良OAA／S评分、BIS呈正相关，SI与Ct（除外R4组）及Ce（除外R2组）呈负相关；四组睫毛反射消失时SI差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；与R0组比较，对强直刺激反应消失时其它三组SI升高，Ct及Ce降低（P〈0．05）。结论 SI可用于瑞芬太尼-异丙酚麻醉患者镇静深度的监测。     

肾移植术后并发大腿感觉功能障碍(附28例报告)

目的 提高对肾移植术后并发大腿感觉功能障碍的认识水平。方法 对179例肾移植术后患者进行问诊和大腿皮肤针刺检查。结果 179例中发现28例存在手术侧大腿感觉功能障碍。其中78例移植肾动脉与髂内动脉吻合的患者中有11例，分别为大腿前面7例、外侧面2例、前面和外侧面2例：101例移植肾动脉与髂外动脉吻合的患者中有17例，分别为大腿前面13例、外侧面1例、前面和外侧面3例。除1例为持续性感觉功能障碍外，其余27例均在术后半年内自愈。结论 肾移植术后出现手术侧大腿皮肤感觉功能障碍是较常见的并发症。肾移植术前应告知患者可能出现这种并发症。     

海拔高度对人体睡眠结构和神经机能影响的对比研究

本文对青海省果洛州(海拔3730米)8名健康成年人和抵平原(苏州,海拔10米)的青海省天峻县(海拔3500～3700米)的12名健康成年人,分别连续7小时用多导仪临测夜间睡眠变化,进行对比研究。发现总睡眠时间A组较B组有减少趋势;总醒觉时间占实际记录百分比A组较B组明显增多(P<0.05);有效睡眠指数百分比,REM占总睡眠时间百分比A组较B组显著减少(P<0.01);N—REM占总睡眠时间百分比A组较B组明显增多(P<0.05)。慢性高原低氧对人体神经系统的影响主要为机能紊乱和大脑皮层功能失调。这些改变抵平原后随停留时间的延长而具有可变性。     

食管癌贲门癌术后胸胃排空障碍的临床分析

目的探讨食管癌贲门癌术后胸胃排空障碍的诱因、诊断和治疗。方法回顾性分析1990年1月-2003年12月我院施行1369例食管癌贲门癌切除术的病人临床资料。结果本组病例发生胸胃排空障碍17例,发生率1.24%,其中机械性胸胃排空障碍5例,功能性胸胃排空障碍12例,均发生于术后3～12d,再次手术治疗5例;治愈16例,死亡1例。结论上消化道造影、胃镜是鉴别机械性胃排空障碍和功能性胃排空障碍的重要方法,对食管癌术后机械性胃排空障碍应采取手术治疗,而功能性胃排空障碍采取保守治疗多能好转。     

冲动症及其司法精神鉴定(附1例报告)

作者通过对1例冲动症案例的分析,结合文献报道,初步阐述了冲动症的概念范围、临床特征与诊断标准。并讨论了其与强迫症、性心理障碍、正常性犯罪之间的区别和责任能力的评定。     

Psychological Disturbance and its Associations in the Children of the Gujarati Community

The infrequent referral of Asian children to child psychiatry clinics was noted. By administering Rutter's scale A2 to samples of Gujarati and English parents with children between the ages of 4 and 7 years a lower rate of disturbance was demonstrated among the Asian sample providing an explanation for the original observation. Family and child-rearing factors associated with disturbance were identified.     

Body Image Changes in Adolescents II Comparison among Patients with Eating Disorders and Controls with Thin, Normal and Obese Body Shapes

Abstract: The Self-Rating Body Image (SRBI) test was used to determine whether the patients with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia showed their body image disturbance or not. The SRBI was completed by 120 subjects who consisted of 30 low weight (LW) controls, 30 normal weight (NW) controls, 30 high weight (HW) controls, 18 anorexic patients (AN) and 12 bulimic patients (BN). The AN group had a significantly greater dissatisfaction with the scales of the body shape, visceral organ and face image of the SRBI than the weight-matched LW group. The BN group had a significantly greater dissatisfaction with the visceral organ image than the weight-matched NW group. However, no significant difference in the body shape and face images between the BN and NW groups was found. Our results suggest that the anorexic patients may disturb more parts of the body image than the bulimic patients though both the anorexic and bulimic patients showed the disturbance of body image.     

A protease inhibitor attenuates gastric erosions and microcirculatory disturbance in the early period after thermal injury in rats

The effects of camostat mesilate, a synthetic serine protease inhibitor on gastric microcirculation and active oxygen species generated by leucocytes from the gastric and jugular veins in the early period after thermal injury were assessed. Male Wistar rats were anaesthetized and a 30% full skin-thickness dorsal burn was inflicted. Camostat mesilate (100 mg/kg) was dissolved in distilled water and administered orally to rats 40 min before thermal injury (the camostat group). The control animals (the vehicle group) were administered distilled water orally. Rolling leucocytes as well as Monastral blue B deposits in venules were observed using in vivo microscopy. Active oxygen species were measured by chemiluminescence. Camostat mesilate decreased the total length of gastric erosion, venular deposits of Monastral blue B, and rolling of leucocytes in venules, and relatively increased luminol-dependent chemiluminescence activity generated by zymosan-stimulated leucocytes 15 min after thermal injury. These results suggest that serine proteases are involved in the formation of gastric erosions and gastric microcirculatory disturbance in the early period after thermal injury.     

A sleep disturbance in high risk for SIDS infants

A developmentally immature sleep pattern has been identified in infants with a recent history of an unexplained life-threatening episode of sleep apnoea who are considered at risk for SIDS. In these infants there is a persistence of Sleep Onset REM Periods (SOREMPS) after prolonged wakefulness when compared to controls matched for age, sex, birthweight and race. This sleep characteristic has not been previously reported.