利用微信提升医院查新服务效率

介绍了医院查新工作现状与存在的主要问题、微信在查新工作中的优势和如何利用微信提升医院查新服务水平。     

我国医师对超说明书用药认知情况的调查分析

目的:了解医师对超说明书用药的认知情况,促进对超说明书用药的管理。方法:通过网络问卷调查平台,用描述性调查研究的方法,对全国范围内的医院临床医师进行超说明书用药认知情况调查,并用SPSS 19.0软件对调查结果进行统计分析。结果:回收有效问卷332份。受访医师中认为超说明书用药具有一定合理性的占82.23%,认为缺乏科学依据是超说明书用药存在的问题的占53.23%,认为可以在限定条件下实施超说明书用药的占65.00%以上,认为应该制定相应的法律法规和医院制度规范超说明书用药管理的占79.52%。结论:超说明书用药情况与医师对其认知有着直接的关系。应加强对医师的合理用药教育和对超说明书用药的管理,促进超说明书用药向科学、合理和规范的方向发展。     

A qualitative look into mother's breastfeeding experiences

The objective of the project was to gain a holistic understanding of the current breastfeeding experiences of mothers, while identifying resources and support for breastfeeding in the Athens-Clarke County and surrounding areas. This was an exploratory qualitative study of in-depth interviews with a total of 21 mothers (12 from WIC; 9 from Full Bloom) from Athens-Clarke County and surrounding areas. The inclusion criteria of the participants were mothers of infants who were 12 months old or younger who delivered in Athens. The mothers were individually interviewed. Informants attributed their success, or lack of, to the presence of a breastfeeding role model. Successful mothers shared how important it is to have peers who breastfed and/or are supportive of breastfeeding. While some reported positive support, others reported negative reaction from their work environment. About 75% of the mothers reported negative or no support from their clinician or staff of the hospital. Some informants reported a perceived lack of honesty on the clinician's part about the possible difficulties and possible problems. It is important that clinicians provide honest and consistent breastfeeding information to prepare mothers for potential challenges that may arise during the course of breastfeeding.     

Training workshops positively impact beliefs about contingency management in a nationwide dissemination effort

In 2011, the Veterans Administration called for nationwide implementation of contingency management (CM) in its intensive outpatient substance use disorders treatment programs, and this study evaluated the impact of the initial 1 and ½ day training workshops on knowledge and perceptions about CM among 159 clinical leaders from 113 clinics. Workshop attendance significantly increased CM-related knowledge (d = 1.88) and changed attendees' perceptions of CM (ds = 0.26–0.74). Endorsement of barriers to CM adoption decreased and positive impressions of CM increased. These perceptions about CM emerged as key correlates of post-training preparedness to implement CM. Results suggest that training workshops can be an effective avenue for increasing CM-related knowledge, as well as addressing persistent misperceptions about CM that may impede adoption efforts. Continued efforts to introduce educational materials and offer training and consultation opportunities may increase understanding about this evidence-based intervention among clinicians, thereby leading to improved patient outcomes.     

从学科建设角度思考中青年医师学术素养和特色的培养

目前,中青年医师培养中存在学习者主观能动性不足、创新教育未全面推广等问题。在分析培养现状的基础上,提出差异化发展与错位竞争等可供借鉴的中青年医师培养策略,其中树立自身特色及标新立异是实现这些策略的重要方法。     

临床医师轮流进行病案书写质量控制探讨

现有固定人员进行病案质控的方法,虽然质控者熟知各项法律法规并有检查经验,但是毕竟人员不足,质控范围和质量很难保证,而且很难掌握各个学科的知识,特别是学科进展,因而提出临床医师轮流质控的方法,临床医师做质控虽然在熟知各项法律法规和检查经验上存在不足,但是在本学科的医学知识方面却具有优势。临床医师轮流质控的具体方法主要有三步,一是制定相关制度,二是学习相关知识,三是不断的实践。经过上述步骤,临床医师可以完成日常的病案质控工作,同时有利于病历书写质量的提高。     

Clinician mental health,nursing shortages and the COVID‐19 pandemic: Crises within crises

Around the world, nurses are working under enormous pressure providing care to sick and dying patients during the pandemic. Many are faced with increased stress, and other negative effects on their mental health. They are also faced with the possibility of infection and death from COVID‐19. Before the pandemic there was a global shortage of nurses, but this is likely to be exacerbated by the increased demands of caring during COVID‐19 as well as the usual care of non‐COVID patients. One serious concern is that the pandemic and multitudinous effects on the nursing profession will exacerbate nursing attrition and their poor mental health into the future. Another serious concern is whether the profession will be able to attract sufficient numbers of nurses to care for populations into the future. Governments and health policymakers everywhere need to invest in nursing and health care and pay attention to the needs of health systems to ensure a healthy population. It is argued that without this, economies will not recover and prosper, and health systems will not be able to provide quality care.     

临床医生对医学统计学的认知及教育需求现状分析

为了解临床医生对医学统计学的认知及教育需求现状和对医学院校统计学教学提出建议.笔者采用自拟问卷调查,随机抽取200名临床医生进行调查.发现绝大多数临床医生的医学统计学知识和实际应用能力很缺乏.必须通过培训增加科研能力和学习使用统计软件.     

Reasons for interrupting colleagues during emergency department work – A qualitative study

ObjectiveEmergency department team members frequently need to interact with each other, a circumstance causing multiple interruptions. However, information is lacking about the motives underlying these interruptions and this study aimed to explore clinicians’ reasons to interrupt colleagues during emergency department work.MethodSemi-structured interviews with 10 physicians and 10 registered nurses at two Swedish emergency departments. The interviews were analyzed inductively using content analysis.ResultsThe working conditions to some extent sustained the clinicians’ need to interrupt, for example different routines. Another reason to interrupt was to improve the initiator’s work process, such as when the initiators perceived that the interruption had high clinical relevance. The third reason concerns the desire to influence the work process of colleagues in order to prevent mistakes and provide information for the person being interrupted to improve patient care.ConclusionThe three identified categories for why emergency department clinicians interrupt their colleagues were related to working conditions and a wish to improve/influence the work processes for both initiators and recipients. Several of the reasons given for interrupting colleagues were done in order to improve patient care. Interruptions perceived as negative to the recipient were mostly related to the working conditions.     

Effectiveness of workshop training for psychosocial addiction treatments: a systematic review

Workshop training for psychosocial substance abuse treatment has been an important part of the transfer of evidence-based approaches into larger practice. Although they are widely used, training methods such as self-study reading, internet-based courses, and educational workshops have not traditionally been the focus of empirical investigations. Based on electronic and manual searches of the literature, we summarize 17 evaluations of workshop training that describe the training program and the educational outcomes. In general, training tends to improve attendees' knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in working with clients who have substance abuse problems. Some skill improvements, when measured, are usually seen immediately after training but are less often maintained over a longer time. Extended contact, through follow-up consultation, supervision, or feedback, appears to be necessary for the long-term adoption of skills. There are also a number of institutional factors that may influence the extent to which providers adopt new practices. Given the popularity of this training format, the role of workshop training needs to be a focus of future evaluative research.