莱姆病螺旋体的转移感染和致病机制

本文主要就莱姆病螺旋体从蜱到宿主动物的转移感染以及在宿主体内存活并致病的机制进行了的阐述,包括螺旋体在蜱内定居以及感染宿主动物过程中蛋白的变化及作用;螺旋体在宿主体内致病的各种机制(病原体本身的作用、免疫逃避、细胞因子的作用、自身免疫)。     

Canine serology as adjunct to human Lyme disease surveillance

To better define areas of human Lyme disease risk, we compared US surveillance data with published data on the seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies among domestic dogs. Canine seroprevalence >5% was a sensitive but nonspecific marker of human risk, whereas seroprevalence <1% was associated with minimal risk for human infection.     

Non-pathogenic Borrelia burgdorferi expressing Treponema pallidum TprK and Tp0435 antigens as a novel approach to evaluate syphilis vaccine candidates

Background

Syphilis is resurgent in many developed countries and still prevalent in developing nations. Current and future control campaigns would benefit from the development of a vaccine, but although promising vaccine candidates were identified among the putative surface-exposed integral outer membrane proteins of the syphilis spirochete, immunization experiments in the rabbit model using recombinant antigens have failed to fully protect animals upon infectious challenge. We speculated that such recombinant immunogens, purified under denaturing conditions from Escherichia coli prior to immunization might not necessarily harbor their original structure, and hypothesized that enhanced protection would result from performing similar immunization/challenge experiments with native antigens.

Sinus Pause in Association with Lyme Carditis

Lyme disease is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in the United States. It is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Cardiac involvement is seen in 4% to 10% of patients with Lyme disease. The principal manifestation of Lyme carditis is self-limited conduction system disease, with predominant involvement of the atrioventricular node. On rare occasions, Lyme carditis patients present with other conduction system disorders such as bundle branch block, intraventricular conduction delay, and supraventricular or ventricular tachycardia. We report the unusual case of a 59-year-old man who presented with new-onset symptomatic sinus pauses one month after hiking in upstate New York. To our knowledge, this is the first case report from North America that describes the relationship between symptomatic sinus pause and Lyme carditis.     

中国莱姆病螺旋体鞭毛蛋白中央区的基因克隆和表达

目的　对中国莱姆病螺旋体Borreliagarinii基因种参照菌株PD91的鞭毛蛋白中央区的编码基因进行克隆表达 ,对重组鞭毛蛋白作为莱姆病血清学诊断抗原进行初步的研究 ,并进行基因序列和氨基酸序列分析。方法　设计引物 ,用PCR技术获得PD91的鞭毛蛋白中央区的编码基因片段 ,经酶切、连接 ,插入质粒pET 30a中 ,构成重组质粒pET30a mfla,转化到大肠杆菌BL2 1,提取质粒进行酶切、DNA测序和氨基酸序列分析鉴定 ,诱导表达 ,筛选高效表达株 ,应用SDS PAGE和Westernblot鉴定重组蛋白及其抗原性。结果　成功地获得了鞭毛蛋白中央区的编码基因片段和基因重组 ,重组蛋白在宿主菌BL2 1中高效表达。Westernblot结果显示重组鞭毛蛋白的中央区与PD91的鞭毛蛋白具有相同的抗原性。经测序显示该中央区基因片段为鞭毛蛋白基因的 4 0 9～ 786bp ,与北美莱姆病螺旋体标准株B31的DNA碱基序列比较分析 ,同源性 92 %。结论　成功地对中国莱姆病螺旋体Borreliagarinii基因种的鞭毛蛋白中央区进行了克隆表达 ,并证实具有抗原性 ,为我国莱姆病血清学诊断研究提供资料。     

湘南莽山林区莱姆病疫源地的调查

「目的」证实湘南莽山林区莱姆闰疫源地的存在。「方法」选择莽山林区为调查点,用间接免疫荧光抗体试验（ＩＦＡ）进行人群的血清学检测;用直接免疫荧光抗体试验（ＤＦＡ）和暗视野显微镜观察进行媒介蜱的病原学鉴定。「结果」检测３９５份自然人群的血清,莱姆病感染率为６．３３％,不同职业人群感染率差异无显著性（χ＾２＝２．５２８,Ｐ〉０．０５）;检查蜱２１２只,微小牛蜱为优势种,其中肠带莱姆病螺旋体率为１５％（３／２０）。「结论」可以确定湘南莽山林区存在莱姆病的自然疫源地。     

从新疆采集的全沟硬蜱中分离出莱姆病病原体

1987年5月,在新疆玛纳斯县芦草沟采集19只全沟硬蜱(Ixodes persulcatus),用金黄地鼠接种和纯培养的方法分离出1株形态、免疫学特征与伯氏疏螺旋体(Borrelis burg-dorferi)相同的疏螺旋体,表明当地存在着莱姆病疫源地。     

伯氏疏螺旋体外膜蛋白C基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的　体外表达伯氏疏螺旋体外膜蛋白Ｃ（ＯｓｐＣ） ,以制备基因工程重组抗原用于莱姆病血清学诊断研究。方法　应用聚合酶链反应技术和基因重组技术,从２ 个伯氏疏螺旋体中国分离株基因组ＤＮＡ 中扩增得到ＯｓｐＣ基因,分别克隆到表达载体ＬＫＢ２ 中,在大肠杆菌中进行表达。结果　以天然蛋白形式高效表达了ＯｓｐＣ。扫描分析显示,表达的ＯｓｐＣ 相对分子质量均在２３ ０００ 左右,表达量占菌体总蛋白的３４ ％ ～５０ ％ 。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ 试验证明,重组ＯｓｐＣ 蛋白可与莱姆病患者血清发生特异性反应。结论　重组ＯｓｐＣ 的成功表达为制备新型莱姆病早期诊断试剂奠定了基础     

IFA、ELISA和WB用于莱姆病血清学诊断的比较研究

目的比较研究间接免疫荧光试验（IFA）、酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和蛋白免疫印迹试验（WB）3种检测方法对莱姆病血清学的诊断效果。方法收集临床疑似莱姆病患者血清标本及其流行病学和临床资料,分别采用IFA、ELISA和WB进行血清抗伯氏疏螺旋体抗体（IgM和IgG）检测,结合流行病学和临床资料进行综合分析。结果实验共检测莱姆病疑似患者血清398份,ELISA阳性86例,阳性率21.61%,其中IgM阳性27例,IgG阳性59例;IFA阳性82例,阳性率20.60%,其中IgM阳性26例,IgG阳性56例;WB阳性83例,阳性率20.85%,其中IgM阳性31例,IgG阳性52例;并且实验表明,在对于游走性红斑病例的诊断上,WB法阳性率明显高于ELISA和IFA（χ2=6.34,P〈0.05）。结论在莱姆病的实验室诊断中,IFA、ELISA和WB3种方法结合运用,可提高诊断的灵敏性和特异性;WB在排除ELISA和IFA的假阳性结果中有着重要作用。     

Syphilis and borreliosis during pregnancy

ABSTRACT:   Syphilis and lyme borreliosis have similar etiologic, clinical, and epidemiologic characteristics. Both are multisystem infectious disorders spread worldwide. Their clinical course can be divided into three stages and as to spirochetal origin, antibiotic therapy is similar too. Taxonomical relationship of Treponema and Borrelia could explain also congenital manifestations well-known in syphilis, and suggested in borreliosis. Therapy of pregnant women with syphilis and lyme borreliosis should follow the same strategy.