Hip abduction machine is better than free weights to target the gluteus medius while minimizing tensor fascia latae activation

IntroductionChanges in the lower extremities’ biomechanics are associated with gluteus medius (GMed) weakness and increased tensor fascia latae (TFL) activation.ObjectiveTo determine which exercises produce greater GMed activity while minimizing TFL activation during the concentric and eccentric phases of three single-joint strengthening exercises.DesignControlled laboratory study.SettingLaboratory.ParticipantsEleven males (age: 29.18 ± 4.51 years; body mass: 84.01 ± 14.48 kg; height: 1.74 ± 0.07 m; body fat: 16.34 ± 3.33%).Main outcome measuresGMed and TFL activation and activation ratio while performing ten maximal repetitions of three exercises: side-lying hip abduction (SLHA); clamshell (CLAM) and hip abductor machine (HAM).ResultsGMed activation was greater than TFL in all exercises in both concentric and eccentric phases. There were no differences in GMed activation between the three exercises in both phases. TFL activation was greater in SLHA compared to HAM and CLAM during both phases. In both concentric and eccentric phases, GMed:TFL ratio was greater in HAM compared to CLAM and SLHA.ConclusionsGMed had increased activation compared to TFL in all analyzed exercises. Considering GMed:TFL ratio, if the goal is to preferentially activate GMed while minimizing TFL activation, the hip abductor machine seems to be the best exercise.     

呼吸波形的检测对于限制性通气障碍患者早期诊断的价值

目的 研究呼吸波形的测定于限制性通气障碍患者早期诊断的意义,为临床提供诊断依据.方法 选择我院2010年1月至2011年6月呼吸科急诊入院接受治疗的20例需要使用呼吸机辅助通气的患者作为研究对象.其中有创通气患者8例,无创通气患者12例,采用3种不同波形的呼吸机仪器进行监测.根据呼吸波形显示及打印结果分析波形图同患者病情的相关性.结果 呼气模式主要采用同步间歇指令通气与呼气末正压本组20例患者的呼吸波形主要显示为呼气相同吸气相波形相当,未见明显的极低拐点,但同正常呼吸波形相比,有18例患者显示出高拐点尖锐,且呼气支同吸气支所围成的环形呈明显狭窄状.18例患者中经确诊,4例肺实变,5例肺间质纤维化,3例肺气肿,3例肺不张,3例胸腔积液.结论 限制性通气障碍通常是由肺阻力增加所致,呼吸波形一般显示为波形图所在第一象限的细长状.随不同波形的改变而发生动态的变化,可以通过其变化来快速判断患者的临床大致情况.值得于临床广泛推广使用.     

八段锦操对腰椎间盘突出症射频消融术后患者康复效果的影响

目的 探讨八段锦操锻炼对腰椎间盘突出症（llumbar disc protrusion,LDP）射频消融术后患者康复效果的影响.方法 2010年7月至2011年4月,在上海市中医医院施行射频消融手术治疗的LDP患者80例,按入院先后将其分为对照组和观察组各40例,对照组采用临床常规的康复锻炼方法（即飞燕点水式及拱桥式的功能锻炼）,观察组采用八段锦操进行功能锻炼,观察期为4周,分别于术前、术后2周与术后4周采用日本矫形外科学会（Japanese Orthopedic Association,JOA）下腰痛评分表、直腿抬高试验,对两组患者术后康复效果进行评估.结果 观察组术后1个月JOA评分及直腿拾高的有效率均明显优于对照组（均P＜0.05）.结论 八段锦操锻炼能提高LDP射频消融术后患者的康复效果.     

高原负荷运动时人体生理变化的自身对照研究

为了给高原体力活动者的负荷安全限度提供依据，本文采用自身对照研究方法，对７我健康男性在海拔４５０ｍ、２２６０ｍ、３０００ｍ、３４５０ｍ和４１００ｍ５个地区进行了自行车功量计负荷运动，测试了每一海拔静自发 ５０Ｗ、１００Ｗ、１５０Ｗ负负荷后即刻心率、血氧饱和度电图检查，负荷后５分钟心率恢复时间。结果显示：静息和同一负荷运动后心率随海拔增主明显增加（Ｆ值分别为１６５．３５、１５９．８８、６７．９３和３     

气功和太极拳锻炼对老年性高血压疗效的初步观察

对14名老年性高血压患者,经半年气功和太极拳的锻炼后血压和血液动力学的变化进行了观察。结果:锻炼后血压下降、心输出量增加、体循环总外周阻力降低、主观症状改善,说明气功和太极拳传统健身术具有改善心血管系统的机能和调整高血压患者血流动力学的作用,并对其机理进行了讨论。     

正清风痛宁配合功能锻炼治疗产后腰痛45例分析

目的：分析正清风痛宁配合功能锻炼治疗产后腰痛的疗效。方法：采用正清风痛宁局部注射加腰背功能锻炼的方法治疗。结果：采用JOA评分标准，本组病例优33例，良12例。结论：局部治疗加功能锻炼能有效地恢复下腰部稳定性，取得满意疗效。     

Konstruktion eines widerstandsarmen Atemventils

Zusammenfassung Hohe Strömungswiderstände in einem bei Respirationsversuchen üblicherweise verwendeten Atemventil gaben den Anlaß zu einer grundlegenden Neukonstruktion. Durch eine aerodynamischen Grundsätzen angepaßte Atemstromführung konnte eine wesentliche Verminderung der Widerstandswerte erreicht werden. Das neue Ventil hat sich bei Untersuchungen im Labor und in der Praxis bewährt.

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Design for a breathing valve with reduced air resistances

Summary High resistances in a commonly used breathing valve led to the construction of a new valve. The new design, based on aerodynamic principles, allows the air to pass through the valve more easily. Laboratory and field trials have shown the new design to be satisfactory.

     

术前量化训练方法对脊柱侧凸患者护理依从性及效果的影响

目的 通过对脊柱侧凸矫形术患者量化术前适应手术训练各项指标,提高患者术前训练的依从性及效果,保证手术准备质量,提高患者适应手术能力.方法 选择2009年1月至2010年5月我科住院的脊柱侧凸患者165例,建立术前适应手术训练评估卡,内容包括肺功能训练、脊柱弹性训练、床上排尿训练,以期提高患者术前训练的依从性及训练效果.结果 患者对各项术前训练的依从性均有提高,训练周期结束后肺功能及脊柱弹性均有改善,术后相关并发症的发生率也明显降低.结论 对脊柱侧凸患者术前适应手术训练的量化管理方式有助于提高患者的护理依从性,保障患者术前训练的效果.     

Effects of a home-based exercise program on quality of life, fatigue, and depression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

The aim of this trial was to investigate the effects of a 12-week home-based exercise program (HEP) on quality of life (QOL) and fatigue in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). Forty-three patients with AS were included in this study. Group 1 was given a HEP; Group 2 served as the control group. The functional capacity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index), disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Assessment Index), fatigue (Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory scores), and QOL (Short Form 36) of all participants were evaluated. There were significant improvements for all the parameters in two groups after the treatment. The improvements for all the parameters were better in the exercise group than in the control group. Home-based exercise programs are very effective in improving QOL and reducing fatigue. Because of these advantages, HEP should be advised for the management program in AS in addition to medical treatments. This study was presented at the 21st National Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 24–29 September 2007.     

胎粪吸入综合征与婴幼儿喘息关系探讨

目的探讨胎粪吸入综合征（Meconium aspiration syndrome,MAS）与婴幼儿喘息的关系。方法对2007年1月至2008年8月收住我科的82例MAS患儿采用ELISA法测定血清IgE的含量,并进行随访,观察其喘息的发病情况及进行肺功能检查、肺炎支原体抗体（MP—IgM）、呼吸道合胞病毒抗体（RSV—IgM）测定,与对照组比较,分析MAS与婴幼儿喘息的相关性。结果（1）MAS组血清IgE与对照组比较明显增高,P〈0．01,差异有显著性意义;（2）MAS患儿喘息的发生率显著高于对照组,重度MAS患儿喘息的发生率高于轻度MAS;（3）MAS患儿发生喘息时tPTEF／tE、vPTEF／vE下降更明显,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义。结论MAS与婴幼儿喘息密切相关,并与轻重程度有关;MAS患儿在宫内已致敏,其发生喘息时下呼吸道阻塞更严重,为儿童哮喘的发生埋下了隐患。