H—TdR前体掺入技术在复方中药抗癌制剂研究中的应用

将一种快速、灵敏、可靠、简便的抗癌活性微量测定技术——~3H—TdR前体掺入技术用于复方中药抗癌制剂制备工艺筛选,短期内即拟定出较合理的工艺,经临床及14项生物学指标综合评定,该制剂疗效好,无明显的毒副作用。表明把一些快速、灵敏的医学检测技术引入药物制备工艺、质量标准及稳定性研究,可克服由于活性成分不清楚带来的一些困难,拓宽了研究途径,提高了研究水平。     

Pilot study to enhance HIV care using needle exchange-based health services for out-of-treatment injecting drug users

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has resulted in marked reductions in mortality and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) incidence across all risk groups; however, the proportionate decrease among injecting drug users (IDUs) has been less impressive. Much of the disparity in benefit to IDUs has been a consequence of decreased access to and receipt of potent antiretroviral combinations. Strategies to increase access to and utilization of HAART have included entry into drug treatment and abstinence. Unfortunately, as few as 15%–20% of active drug users in the United States, and in many other countries, are in drug treatment at any one time. We report a pilot project among out-of-drug treatment IDUs infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); HIV therapy was successfully provided to active heroin injectors using the Community Health Care Van (CHCV) at sites of needle exchange. Subjects were willing to initiate, but were not receiving, recommended HIV therapy and were not interested in formal drug treatment. Antiretroviral therapy regimens were selected and linked to heroin injection timing. Weekly visits were scheduled by CHCV staff to assess adverse side effects and encourage adherence. Of the 13 participants, the mean baseline HIV-1 RNA level and CD4 lymphocyte count were 162,369 (log 5.21) copies per milliliter and 265 cells per milliliter, respectively. By 6 months, the proportion whose HIV-1 RNA was below the limits of detection (<400 copies/mL) was 85% (N=11); 77% (N=10) had nondetectable levels by 9 months. By 12 months, 54% (N=7) had a persistently nondetectable viral load, and the net increase in CD4 lymphocyte count was 150 cells per milliliter. As an additional and unintended benefit of this pilot project, 9 (69%) subjects chose to enter drug treatment after achieving a nondetectable viral load. Entry into drug treatment was associated with durability of viral suppression. This small pilot study suggests that health services based on needle exchange may enhance access to HAART among out-of-treatment HIV-infected IDUs. In addition, it demonstrates that this population can benefit from this therapy with the support of a nontraditional, community-based health intervention.     

雷诺氏综合征患者的微循环特点和中西结合治疗

对40例雷诺氏综合征（RDS）患者应用益气通阳活血化瘀中药与西药倍他乐克联合治疗，同时观察RDS患者治疗前后的甲襞微循环（NFM）、血液流变性和彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）变化。结果显示RDS患者经治疗后NFM明显改善，细动脉增宽、血流加快（P＜0．05），全血粘度、血浆粘度、纤维蛋白原及体外血栓重量与长度明显减轻缩小（P＜0．01）；CDFI表现动脉痉挛消失，血流阻力下降以及血流量增加。提示：益气通阳活血化瘀中药和倍他乐克西药合用有明显的降粘、解聚、抗栓、改善微循环的作用，治疗RDS有较好的疗效。     

重视合理用药 提高药物疗效

目的:提高合理用药的意识,促进临床用药向安全、合理、高效、经济的目标发展。方法:结合临床实际,对用药的过程和结果进行分析讨论。结果:通过用药现状分析,证明不合理用药现象广泛存在。结论:合理用药应引起高度重视,以减少药物不良反应的发生,发挥药物的最佳疗效。     

Potential role of intermittent fasting on decreasing cardiovascular disease in human immunodeficiency virus patients receiving antiretroviral therapy

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become one of the commonest causes of comorbidity and mortality among People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Nearly 50% of PLWH are likely to have an increased risk of developing CVD, including coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease and aortic atherosclerosis. Aside from the common risk factors, HIV infection itself and side effects of antiretroviral therapy contribute to the pathophysiology of this entity. Potential non-pharmacological therapies are currently being tested worldwide for this purpose, including eating patterns such as Intermittent fasting (IF). IF is a widespread practice gaining high level of interest in the scientific community due to its potential benefits such as improvement in serum lipids and lipoproteins, blood pressure (BP), platelet-derived growth factor AB, systemic inflammation, and carotid artery intima-media thickness among others cardiovascular benefits. This review will focus on exploring the potential role of intermittent fasting as a non-pharmacological and cost-effective strategy in decreasing the burden of cardiovascular diseases among HIV patients on ART due to its intrinsic properties improving the main cardiovascular risk factors and modulating inflammatory pathways related to endothelial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation and aging. Intermittent fasting regimens need to be tested in clinical trials as an important, cost-effective, and revolutionary coadjutant of ART in the fight against the increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease in PLWH.     

江苏省2005-2019年接受抗病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS合并HBV感染情况分析

目的 分析2005-2019年江苏省抗病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS的HBV感染情况。方法 采用回顾性资料分析,研究对象来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统艾滋病防治基本信息系统江苏省2005-2019年HIV/AIDS首次入组抗病毒治疗数据库,采用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计学分析。分析不同特征HIV/AIDS的HBsAg检测率和HBsAg阳性率的差异及其影响因素,单因素分析采用χ²检验,多因素分析采用非条件logistic回归模型。结果 2005-2019年江苏省首次入组抗病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS共29 288例,总体HBsAg检测率为49.8%（14 594/29 288）,2005-2019年HBsAg检测率由0.0%（0/80）增加到75.2%（3 448/4 586）,呈逐年上升趋势。进行HBsAg检测的HIV/AIDS中,江苏省籍占81.6%（11 915/14 594）,男女性别比7.34：1（12 845：1 749）,年龄（38.5±13.8）岁,汉族占96.1%（14 023/14 594）,已婚/同居占48.9%（7 131/14 594）。男男性传播和异性性传播感染途径占97.9%（14 294/14 594）。logistic回归分析结果显示,HBsAg检测率的影响因素中,2015年及以后入组、外省户籍、已婚/同居、大专及以上文化程度、注射吸毒感染途径的人群HBsAg检测率较高。HIV/AIDS的HBsAg阳性率为8.6%（95%CI：8.2%~9.1%）,HBsAg阳性率在2016年之前均>10.0%,自2016年以后稳定在6.7%~8.2%。HBsAg阳性率的影响因素中,2015年及以后入组、女性、年龄>59岁、大专及以上学历人群的HBsAg阳性率较低,而45~59岁年龄组和少数民族人群的HBsAg阳性率较高。结论 2005-2019年江苏省首次入组抗病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS中,HBsAg检测率总体不高,合并HBV感染高于一般人群,需要加强其HBsAg相关检测工作。     

Safety of modern oral contraception: the options for women: lessons to be learned

The relatively short history of hormonal contraception has been marked by a series of 'pill scares', all of which--after creating panic among users--were proven to be unfounded in terms of public health impact. The latest pill scare, provoked by regulatory action in the United Kingdom and the Federal Republic of Germany in response to the publication of a series of articles indicating a doubling of risk of deep venous thrombosis in users of oral contraceptives containing third-generation progestins, seems finally settled: both the British and the German Drug Regulatory Authorities have now reverted their verdict. The damage unfortunately stays: hundreds of thousands of women have been compelled to abandon the pill of their choice, often deciding to drop contraception altogether, thereby exposing themselves to unwanted pregnancy and--in a number of cases--to pregnancy termination. This latest episode should be turned into something positive: we need to learn that, in the case of drugs in widespread use, before restrictive action is taken--and except for very rare and specific instances--the scientific community must carry out an exhaustive debate on the reality and importance of the observed effects. Although the public should, in each instance, be properly informed, it is only after this process has been completed that restrictive action should be taken. It is hoped that, after this last episode, all concerned have learned this simple principle and will accept being guided by it from now on.     

中药有效成分研究与复方新药开发

１０００００首方剂是开发中药复方新药的宝库。１２７７２种中药及其复方中的有效成分是开发中药复方新药的基础。逆向思维、利用文献、研究有效成分动态变化和综合作用是开发中药复方新药的几种途径     

仙附,芪地强心口服液治疗老年人慢性心功能不全

目的：寻求老年人心功能不全有效、安全的治法方药。方法：用仙附、芪地强心口服液与巯甲丙脯酸对照治疗老年心功能不全,观察心脏功能和血浆血管活性肽、临床症状、体征及药物安全性。结果：仙附、芪地强心口服液和巯甲丙脯酸治疗心功能不全总有效率分别为８７．５％（２８／３２）、９０．３％（２８／３１）、９０．６％（２９／３２）,三者差别无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）;在临床近期治愈率方面,分别为４３．８％（１４／３２）、５１．６（１６／３１）、２５．０％（８／３２）,芪地组优于巯甲丙脯酸对照组;对改善患者临床症状、体征、心脏功能和血浆血管活性肽指标等方面都显示明显效果。结论：老年人心功能不全可以益气养阴、温阳治本、活血利水治标为基本大法,仙附、芪地强心口服液是治疗本病的安全有效方药     

针刺、自主牵引、药物外敷治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效观察

目的 :观察针刺、自主牵引、药物外敷治疗腰椎间盘突出症 (简称治疗组 )的疗效。方法 :随机分为针刺、自主牵引、药物外敷组和单纯针刺组进行对比观察。结果 :治疗组总有效率 94 .1% ,明显高于对照组 75 .8% ,经统计学处理 ,P <0 .0 5 ,具有显著性差异。结论 :治疗组疗效优于对照组