CT血管造影评价后循环缺血性眩晕的价值

目的探讨CT血管造影(CTA)评价后循环缺血性眩晕的临床价值。方法对116例后循环缺血性眩晕病人的数字减影血管造影(DSA)和CTA检查资料进行分析。结果116例病人中,血管检查发现单纯锁骨下动脉狭窄6例,前循环血管病变2例,此结果CTA与DSA检查结果一致。另外108例病人均检出后循环血管异常,其中基底动脉狭窄16例,CTA与DSA均检出。以DSA结果为标准,CTA对92例病人184条椎动脉检查的灵敏度为95.10%,特异度为92.68%,Kappa值=0.8788,CTA与DSA诊断后循环血管狭窄程度的结果呈正相关(r=0.991,P<0.001)。结论CTA对后循环缺血性眩晕的诊断具有重要的临床意义。     

体位疗法配合手法治疗颈源性眩晕临床观察

目的:观察体位疗法配合手法治疗颈源性眩晕的临床疗效,并探讨其治疗机理。方法:将82例颈源性眩晕患者随机分为两组,治疗组41例,采用体位疗法配合手法治疗;对照组41例,采用敏使朗口服加枕颌牵引治疗。分析比较两组的疗效。结果:采用颈性眩晕症状与功能评估量表来评定疗效并进行统计学分析,结果治疗后两组临床症状和各项指标与治疗前比较均有改善,但两组间差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.01);6个月后随访,复发率治疗组13.2%;对照组60.0%。两组比较,差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论:体位疗法配合手法治疗颈源性眩晕不仅近期疗效满意,而且远期疗效亦满意;且无过高的设备要求,既安全又有可操作性。     

上半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕41例

目的 探讨上半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕(BPPV)诊断和治疗的最佳方案。方法 回顾性分析41例上半规管BPPV患者的病历资料,并对所有患者的诊断及复位进行评估分析。结果 SRM-Ⅳ模拟Dix-Hallpike试验诱发出典型垂直向下眼震28例(68.3%),其中眼震伴有向地扭转的成分19例,不伴有扭转成分9例;SRM-Ⅳ上半规管BPPV诱发试验诱发出典型垂直向下眼震35例(84.6%),其中眼震伴有向地扭转的成分30例,不伴有扭转成分5例。在所有41例患者中有38例能通过两种诱发试验对受累侧别做出判断,其中因诱发眼震伴有扭转成分而判断侧别30例,单侧诱发诱发出垂直向下眼震且不伴有扭转成分3例,双侧诱发出垂直向下眼震5例,且不伴有扭转成分,但因眩晕及眼震的强度有明显差别而判断出侧别,患者对受累侧别不能判断3例。在能判断出侧别的38例患者中有左侧上半规管受累25例,右侧上半规管受累13例。对41例采用SRM-Ⅳ上半规管BPPV复位法进行治疗,通过一次治疗痊愈28例,有效12例,无效1例。结论 上半规管BPPV 临床上被越来越重视,应用SRM-ⅣBPPV诊疗系统对上半规管BPPV进行诊治效果好,应该在临床得到推广。     

川芎嗪注射液治疗颈性眩晕34例疗效观察

目的 :观察川芎嗪注射液对颈性眩晕的疗效。方法 :将 64例以椎基底动脉供血不足的眩晕病人随机分为川芎嗪组与复方丹参组 ,分别静脉点滴 ,每日 1次 ,5天为 1个疗程。结果 :川芎嗪组总有效率为 94% ,复方丹参组为 76% ,两组疗效经 χ2 检验分析 ,P <0 0 5。结论 :川芎嗪注射液治疗颈性眩晕疗效明显优于复方丹参注射液。     

Epley加Semont联合手法复位治疗后半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕

目的 探讨Epley与Semont联合手法复位治疗后半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕(posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysman positional vertigo,PC-BPPV)的治疗效果.方法 对48例PC-BPPV患者随机分为单纯手法治疗(Epley管石复位法)与联合手法治疗(Epley加Semont联合复位法),观察治疗效果.结果 48例经1次手法复位治疗后症状消失或明显减轻,一次治疗有效率为83.3%,其中单纯组为78.3%,联合组为88.0%.无效患者继续重复相应手法治疗,至第三次复诊时统计总治疗有效率为93.8%,其中单纯组为91.3%,联合组为96.0%.随访3个月,共计有7例患者复发,总复发率为14.6%,其中单纯组为21.7%,联合组为8.0%.结论 Epley加Semont联合手法复位治疗PC-BPPV疗效显著,复发率低.     

Quality of life in elderly with dizziness

Dizziness is frequent in elderly people.AimsTo evaluate the Quality of Life (QoL) in elderly subjects with dizziness, relate it with gender and age.Material and MethodA prospective study comprising 120 elderly patients with dizziness evaluated with Brazilian versions of the Whoqol-bref and the dizziness handicap inventory (DHI). The factor analysis (FA), the Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests, and the Spearman correlation were applied to study the results.ResultsThe most compromised domains were the DHI physical domain and the Whoqol-bref physical and environment domains. FA resulted in 3 factors in the DHI and 5 factors in the Whoqolbref. There was a moderate correlation (-0.596) in the total scores of both instruments. Males had a better QoL in the “environment perception and introspectivity” and “health perception” factors of the Whoqol-bref test. Females had a better QoL in the “functionality perception” factor of the Whoqol-bref test. There were no significant age differences.ConclusionsElderly patients with dizziness have a worse QoL. Elderly females with dizziness have worse QoL scores in “environment perception and introspectivity” and “health perception” and better QoL in the “functionality perception” factor compared to elderly males.     

Brainstem lesion in benign paroxysmal vertigo children: Evaluated by a combined ocular and cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential test

Objective

This study utilized a combined ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) and cervical VEMP (cVEMP) test in children with benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) to investigate whether the upper or lower brainstem is more frequently affected in BPV children.

Methods

Fifteen BPV children aged 4-14 years, and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy children were enrolled. All subjects underwent pure tone audiometry, stabilometry, and a combined oVEMP and cVEMP test using acoustic stimulation.

Results

All BPV patients displayed normal hearing and clear oVEMPs. However, 11 (73%) of 15 BPV patients had delayed cVEMPs, showing significant difference when compared with 100% normal cVEMPs in healthy children. The sway path and sway area in stabilometry were significantly different between BPV and healthy children, regardless of whether their eyes were open or closed. However, neither the sway path nor sway area correlated significantly with cVEMP results.

Conclusion

Normal oVEMPs in BPV children indicate an intact vestibulo-ocular reflex pathway, which travels through the upper brainstem. In contrast, delayed cVEMPs in BPV children reflect a retrolabyrinthine lesion along the sacculo-collic reflex pathway, which descends via the lower brainstem. Hence, the lower brainstem is more frequently affected than the upper brainstem in children with BPV.     

A nationwide multicenter study of the Cochlin tomo-protein detection test: clinical characteristics of perilymphatic fistula cases

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the positive rate for the Cochlin tomo-protein (CTP: an inner ear-specific protein) detection test among patients with inner ear-related clinical manifestations and evaluate the clinical characteristics of definite perilymphatic fistula (PLF).

Methods: We have performed an ELISA-based CTP detection test using middle ear lavage (MEL) samples from 497 cases of suspected PLF enrolled from 70 clinical centers nationwide between 2014 and 2015. In addition to the CTP-positive rate, audio-vestibular symptoms were compared between CTP-positive and -negative cases.

Results: 8–50% of patients in category 1 (trauma, middle and inner ear disease cases), and about 20% of those in categories 2, 3 and 4 (external origin antecedent events, internal origin antecedent events, and without antecedent event, respectively) were positive for CTP. In category 1 cases, the earlier tested samples showed a higher CTP-positive rate, whereas no differences were observed in categories 2, 3 or 4. The characteristic clinical features in the earlier tested cases were nystagmus and fistula sign in CTP test-positive cases in category 1, and streaming water-like tinnitus in those in categories 2, 3 and 4.

Conclusion: The present study clarified that CTP detection test-positive patients exist at considerable rates among patients with inner ear-related manifestations.     

Effects of Semont maneuver on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a meta-analysis

Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common type of peripheral vertigo. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Semont maneuver (SM) for BPPV treatment, compared with other methods.

Methods: Studies were selected in relevant databases under pre-defined criteria up to June 2015. The Cochrane evaluation system was used to assess the quality of the studies. Effect size was indicated as a risk-ratio (RR) with corresponding 95% confidential interval (CI). Statistical analysis was conducted under a randomized- or fixed-effects model. Sub-group analysis was performed.

Results: Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. All of the studies presented a low attrition bias, but a high selection and reporting bias. SM had a much higher recovery rate (SM vs no treatment: RR?=?2.60, 95% CI?=?1.97–3.44, p?p?p?Conclusion: SM is as effective as EM and BDE for BPPV treatment.     

Use of interactive iBooks for patient education in otology

Introduction

Physicians in the ambulatory setting face challenges in adequately educating patients in a brief office encounter.