老年人结膜囊细菌状况及药物敏感实验

目的:为了有效的预防术后眼内炎,对目前老年人结膜囊的细菌状况和对抗生素的敏感率进行评估。方法:北京市老年人(81.5±10.2)岁165眼,常规眼科检查除外眼前段,眼表面炎性疾患,行结膜囊细菌培养,对培养阳性者行细菌分离培养和药物(常用的16种抗生素)敏感实验;滴3g/L氧氟沙星滴眼液1wk,再培养。结果:首次培养阳性率为21.2%(35/165),第二次阳性率为7.3%(12/165)。首次培养中共41个菌株,11个菌种。葡萄球菌属最多,共27株(70.7%),其中表皮样葡萄球菌19株(46.3%),金黄色葡萄球菌7株(17.1%)。次之为棒状杆菌5株(12.3%)。万古霉素对G 菌全部敏感,亚胺培南对G-菌极敏感,头孢菌素和喹喏酮类药物耐药菌株增多,敏感率63.6%～78.8%。结论:术前滴抗生素眼液可显著减少结膜囊的细菌(P <0.01),但是不能达到完全无菌状态。目前头孢菌素和喹喏酮类药物耐药菌株增多,但仍可做为防治眼部感染和眼内炎的主要药物。     

PA系列高压功率放大器在医学仪器设计和应用中须注意的问题

以PA08和PA84的实际应用为例,阐述了PA系列高压功率放大器在设计和应用中应注意的问题,着重探讨了放大器在医学仪器输出级的应用中的电源旁路和过压保护、电流限制、输出保护、放大器的安装和机械考虑等几个重点问题。     

‘A grim health future’: food risks in the Sydney press

Food scares and newsworthy stories about risks associated with food often receive a high level of attention in the news media. This article examines the reporting of food risks over a recent 14-month period in three metropolitan newspapers available to readers in Sydney. The major topic reported over this time was the relationship between food intake and obesity, which comprised almost half of news stories about food risks. This topic was followed in frequency by the risks associated with primary food production and the risks from processed, restaurant or takeaway food. The article looks in detail at how each of these topics was reported, including the discourses that were employed to give meaning to the news stories. Much emphasis was placed upon personal responsibility for avoiding food risks, particularly in relation to overweight. News stories suggested that Australians, and in particular, Australian children, were facing a crisis in relation to the numbers of people over-eating and becoming fat as a result. The overweight body was represented as grotesque, out of control, unhealthy and unAustralian. In other news stories, various aspects of farming were presented as ‘unnatural’ and thus as rendering foodstuffs risky. Food prepared outside the home was portrayed as far more dangerous than food prepared within the home, with an emphasis in reporting on the potential for contamination in such foods.     

甲硝唑与替硝唑治疗滴虫性阴道炎的成本-效果分析

目的评价甲硝唑与替硝唑两种药品治疗滴虫性阴道炎的疗效、不良反应及成本-效果[1,2].方法将60例滴虫性阴道炎患者随机分成2组,分别口服甲硝唑(治疗组)和替硝唑(对照组),对甲硝唑与替硝唑治疗滴虫性阴道炎的疗效、不良反应并运用药物经济学成本效果分析法及成本进行评价.结果甲硝唑与替硝唑治疗滴虫性阴道炎的总有效率基本相同,分别为93.33%和96.67%(P＞0.05);不良反应发生率分别为30.00%和6.67%(P＜0.05);成本-效果比分别为0.0557和0.2772(P＜0.01).结论甲硝唑与替硝唑均能有效治疗滴虫性阴道炎.不良反应发生率甲硝唑与替硝唑有显著性差异.成本-效果比甲硝唑优于替硝唑.     

从抗击非典斗争反思卫生与经济的关系

本文从经济角度对非典的爆发流行和我国抗击非典的斗争进行反思，依次论述了四个方面的问题：非典爆发流行的经济原因，非典爆发流行的经济影响，抗击非典斗争胜利的经济意义，以及抗击非典斗争的经验教训。人们从中不难看出，在新的形势下卫生与经济的关系的新变化。     

非典后的启示--必须高度重视社会经济的协调发展

作者结合非典疫情及其它公共卫生问题对社会造成的影响 ,对如何促进社会经济的协调发展进行了探讨     

_62;翟会侠000900

s, managements and outcomes of 20 complications are shown in table. Finally, by the means of aggressive endovascular and medical therapies, disable stroke and death within 30 days was 3.2% (5/155) and 1.3% (2/155), respectively. Conclusions Higher risk of procedure-related neurological complicati     

3例经尿道前列腺电切综合征治疗体会

目的 :探讨经尿道前列腺电切综合征的发生原因及治疗措施。方法 :回顾性总结1996年11月～2003年8月 ,施行经尿道前列腺电切术 (TURP)258例的经尿道前列腺电切综合征 (TURS)的发生情况。结果 :本组发生TURS3例 ,经治疗病情均得到了妥善控制 ,本组无死亡病例。结论 :TURS是TURP最严重的并发症。其发生机理是低渗灌注液吸收引起稀释性低钠血症。手术切破前列腺包膜是在短期内造成大量冲洗液吸收的主要原因。当确定为TURS时 ,立即给予速尿、吸氧、高渗盐水、胰岛素、地塞米松等治疗 ,同时应中止手术。     

辛伐他汀治疗老年人高脂血症的临床观察

目的 :了解辛伐他汀 (舒降之 )治疗老年人高脂血症的疗效。方法 :对 93例老年高脂血症患者采用舒降之治疗。结果 :治疗了 4周和 8周后 ,胆固醇 (TC)明显降低 2 2 %、2 7% (P <0 .0 1) ,低密度脂蛋白 (LDL C)明显降低 17%、2 4 % (P <0 .0 1) ,高密度脂蛋白 (HDL C)增加 15 %、16 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ,三酰甘油 (TG)降低 18%、2 1% (P <0 .0 5 ) ,仅有轻微不良反应。结论 :辛伐他汀可显著降低TC、LDL C ,可中等程度降低TG及升高HDL C。表明辛伐他汀是治疗老年人高脂血症的理想调脂药物     

Histological findings after angioplasty using conventional balloon, radiofrequency thermal balloon, and stent for experimental aortic coarctation

Abstract Background : Use of balloon angioplasty or stent implantation has been reported to be effective in relieving coarctation of the aorta. However, restenosis frequently occurs after balloon angioplasty for native aortic coarctation in small infants, and sometimes develops after stent implantation because of vessel growth. The causes of restenosis remain uncertain. The purpose of this study was to assess the histologic differences in vascular responses to angioplasty using conventional balloon, radiofrequency thermal balloon (RFTB), or stent for experimental aortic coarctation. Methods : The authors surgically created an aortic coarctation model using 14 puppies. Angioplasty using conventional balloon, RFTB, or stent was performed 1 month after the initial operation. At the acute or chronic phase after angioplasty, the animals were killed and histologic studies were performed. Results : More vascular injuries were noted in the specimens from animals undergoing conventional angioplasty than in those with RFTB or stent. However, neointimal hyperplasia was seen more often after RFTB or stent because of the proliferation of smooth muscle cells from the tunica media, caused by secretion of growth factors. Apoptosis reached a peak 1?2 weeks after angioplasty, regardless of the type of intervention. Conclusions : The authors conclude that angioplasty with RFTB or stent can provide relatively small injuries in the vessel wall for aortic coarctation, but care must be taken to prevent restenosis caused by intimal hyperplasia, because neointima hyperplasia is more frequent after RFTB or stent.