中国人的婚姻质量状况

目的：调查中国人婚烟满意状况。方法：用中国人婚姻质量问卷对1303名已婚者进行调查，其中夫妻配对资料224对。结果：无论是男性还是女性，总体满意度都处于中等水平，基本上呈正态分布，仅在性格相容和子女婚姻两个维度有统计学差异；约60％以上的人觉得自己的婚姻比较满意，30％的人认为基本满意，5％的体验到非常满意，只有2％左右的人感到不满意；夫妻婚姻质量具有较高的相关性，主观满意度一致的人数占60％以上，不一致或很不一致的人数只占100％。结论：中国人的总体婚姻质量处于中等水平，90％的夫妻对自己的婚姻感到满意，只有2％左右的人感到不满意。     

Enhancing a primary care environment: a case study of effects on patients and staff in a single general practice

BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the effect on patients and staff of the physical environment in primary care facilities. AIM: To explore changes in patient and staff satisfaction, patient anxiety, and patient-doctor communication when a GP surgery moves from old premises to enhanced purpose-built accommodation. DESIGN OF STUDY: Questionnaire surveys, interviews, and focus groups pre- and post move. SETTING: An urban general practice in Bristol. METHOD: Patient questionnaires assessed anxiety (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; STAI), satisfaction with the environment, and communication during the consultation. Staff questionnaires assessed satisfaction with the environment and job satisfaction. Qualitative methods explored patient and staff views in more depth. RESULTS: A total of 1118 pre-move and 954 post-move patient questionnaires showed significant increases in satisfaction scores for reception/waiting areas (mean 6.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]=5.97 to 6.95) and consulting rooms (mean 3.80, 95% CI=3.44 to 4.15) in the new premises. Patients' satisfaction with patient-doctor communication also increased (mean 0.88, 95% CI=0.30 to 1.46) and anxiety scores were significantly reduced before and after the consultation in the new premises compared with the old (STAI mean difference before consultation 0.72, 95% CI=0.37 to 1.08; mean after consultation 0.37, 95% CI=0.03 to 0.72). Patients highlighted the increased space and light, more modern appearance, greater comfort, and novel works of art in the new surgery. Staff workplace satisfaction increased significantly after moving and remained higher than in the old building. CONCLUSION: This large-scale study examining the effects of a UK primary care environment on patients and staff shows that an enhanced environment is associated with improvements in patients' perception of patient-doctor communication, reduction in anxiety, and increases in patient and staff satisfaction.     

高师贫困生自我效能感与主观幸福感的特点及关系研究

目的分析高师贫困生自我效能感、主观幸福感的特点及关系，为心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用一般自我效能感量表、生活满意度量表、快乐感量表，对218名贫困生和216名非贫困生进行测查。结果①高师贫困生生活满意度、快乐感显著低于非贫困生（t=4．811，P〈0．001；t=2．504，P〈0．05），自我效能感差异不显著。②高师贫困生自我效能感存在性别差异（t=2．117，P〈0．05），男生的自我效能感显著高于女生；生活满意度年级差异显著（F=3．547，P〈0．05），大一学生的生活满意度显著高于大二和大三学生，大二和大三之间的差异不显著。③高师贫困生自我效能感与生活满意度、快乐感呈显著正相关（r=0．349，P〈0．01；r=0．436，P〈0．01）。自我效能感水平越高，幸福感越强。结论高师贫困生主观幸福感相对较低，自我效能感与主观幸福感显著相关，通过提升自我效能感水平可以增强主观幸福感。     

总责任护士主导的医护一体化护理模式在创伤骨科的应用

目的探讨总责任护士主导的医护一体化临床护理模式在创伤骨科的应用效果。 方法选择2016年7月至2017年6月在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院创伤骨科行手术治疗的骨折患者200例，按照入院先后顺序分为对照组90例(实施创伤骨科常规护理)和观察组110例(实施医护一体化工作模式，包括成立医护合作小组、实施总责任护士主导的医护一体化查房、个体化诊疗方案的共同决策、疼痛管理、早期出院计划与延续护理)。比较2组患者的术后护理效果和医护合作满意度。对数据行t检验和χ²检验。 结果总责任护士主导的医护一体化模式下，观察组患者术后72 h内数字评分法(NRS)评分为(4.09±1.64)分，疼痛干预有效率为77.57%，对照组术后72 h内NRS评分为(5.15±1.69)分，疼痛干预有效率为57.95%，2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均小于0.05)；观察组下肢深静脉血栓、泌尿系统感染、便秘的发生例数分别为2、1、3，对照组下肢深静脉血栓、泌尿系统感染、便秘的发生例数分别为9、7、11，两组比较差异均有统计学意义(χ²＝4.486、4.296、6.812，P＝0.027、0.036、0.009)。观察组术后康复开始时间为(21.48±6.41)h，术后住院时间为(11.08±2.19)d；对照组术后康复开始时间为(36.48±10.75)h，术后住院时间为(13.95±2.93)d，2组比较差异均有统计学意义(t＝11.670、－7.616，P值均小于0.05)。2组医护合作满意度结果显示，观察组患者信息的交流得分为(3.78±0.85)分，共同参与治疗或护理决策得分为(3.86±0.87)分，医师和护士的关系得分为(4.00±0.84)分，总分为(3.87±0.67)分；对照组患者信息的交流得分为(3.32±1.00)分，共同参与治疗或护理决策得分为(3.23±0.93)分，医师和护士的关系得分为(3.45±0.96)分，总分为(3.33±0.84)分，2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均小于0.05)。 结论总责任护士主导的医护一体化护理模式的应用，以亚专科为核心，重新整合医护资源，共同参与制订患者的诊疗护理方案，共同聚焦患者安全与质量，加强了医护间的配合，提高了医疗护理服务质量，提升医护合作满意度。     

Characteristics of employment and job satisfaction in nontraditional dental hygiene practice settings

Little is known concerning the employment characteristics of hygienists practicing in nontraditional settings. Respondents were identified through screening (n = 38,380) a listing of the entire population of hygienists licensed in the United States. The screening identified 1,301 hygienists practicing in nontraditional settings. These hygienists were mailed comprehensive questionnaires; completed questionnaires were returned by 84.3 percent of the hygienists. Data were collected describing hygienists' reasons for seeking employment in nontraditional settings, their sources of information concerning job opportunities in nontraditional settings, benefits, and job satisfaction. The main source of information concerning employment opportunities in nontraditional settings was "word of mouth." Hygienists were motivated to seek employment in nontraditional settings primarily by a desire for a more challenging position and personal satisfaction. The hygienists were overwhelmingly satisfied with all aspects of nontraditional employment except opportunities for advancement. Respondents were found to receive standard benefits similar to those of employees in other industries.     

Couples d’âge mûr et sexualité : comprendre l’impact des dynamiques relationnelles

Increased life expectancy creates the prospect of prolonged marital intimacy. However, mature couples face many challenges — physiological, cultural, and familial — and they must be able to mobilize their individual and relational resources to maintain good levels of marital and sexual satisfaction. The aim of this study is to highlight various factors that contribute to the conjugal and sexual satisfaction of older couples, and to discuss the stressing of these factors in a crisis context. 534 participants aged between 18 and 74 years old answered several questionnaires measuring their degree of sexual and conjugal satisfaction as well as the areas of strength and fragility in the relational dynamics of their couple. In addition, five couples also accepted a semi-structured interview on their relationship dynamics and their vision of the ageing couple. The results highlight the major impact of several variables contributing to an increase in relational and sexual satisfaction within couples (e.g. health concerns, conflict management, fondness…). Furthermore, a comparison between the scores of the over-51s and the younger ones highlights the areas of strength of older partners. These different factors will be discussed. Finally, we will propone therapeutic advices aimed at supporting the areas of strength of mature couples in order to accompany them towards long-term relational and sexual fulfillment.     

品管圈对缩短精神科急诊患者就诊等待时间的效果探讨

目的探讨品管圈对缩短精神科急诊患者就诊等待时间的效果。方法选取2019年7月至2020年6月于我院精神科急诊就诊的300例患者作为研究对象,150例予以常规就诊指导的患者纳入对照组,150例予以品管圈就诊指导的患者纳入观察组。比较两组的就诊等待时间及护理满意度。结果观察组的就诊等待时间显著短于对照组,护理满意度评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论品管圈可缩短精神科急诊患者的就诊等待时间,提高患者的护理满意度。     

整体责任制护理对乳腺癌手术患者生活质量及护理满意度的影响

目的探讨整体责任制护理对乳腺癌手术患者生活质量及护理满意度的影响。方法选取2019年6月至2020年6月期间于我院行手术治疗的71例乳腺癌患者,随机分为两组。对照组35例采用常规护理,观察组36例采用整体责任制护理。比较两组护理前后的生活质量及护理满意度。结果护理后,两组的生活质量各维度评分均显著高于护理前,且观察组的生活质量评分均显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组的护理满意度为91.67%,显著高于对照组的68.57%(P <0.05)。结论整体责任制护理可有效改善乳腺癌手术患者的生活质量,提升其护理满意度。     

熏眼与按摩治疗干眼症的持续护理改进对策

目的探讨熏眼与按摩治疗干眼症的持续护理改进对策。方法选择2018年6月—2019年6月于我院接受中药熏眼与睑板腺按摩治疗的干眼症患者196例,以随机数字表法将其随机分为两组,其中对照组与研究组各98例。对照组患者接受常规护理,研究组在此基础上应用持续护理改进对策。评价两组患者的治疗效果、干眼症的复发情况,以及护理满意度。结果研究组治疗的总有效率为97.96%高于对照组90.80%(P<0.05)。研究组复发率3.06%低于对照组12.24%(P<0.05)。研究组护理满意率98.98%高于对照组90.82%(P<0.05)。结论持续护理改进对策能够保证熏眼与按摩治疗干眼症的效果,抑制疾病复发,并增强了患者对护理服务的满意度。     

Mobile Application for Promoting Gluten-Free Diet Self-Management in Adolescents with Celiac Disease: Proof-of-Concept Study

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic disease treated by maintaining and managing a lifelong restrictive gluten-free diet. The purpose of this study was to develop a mobile application, Plan My C-Day, to promote self-management skills among youth with CD during adolescence—a time when decreased adherence often occurs—and examine its usability among adolescents with CD. Plan My C-Day contains three simulations of activities involving eating out and actions to take when preparing for these events. It was developed and pilot tested by 13 adolescents with CD. Application use and user perception data were collected and analyzed. Participants chose 160 actions within the simulations. For over 75% of participants, the time to complete the simulation decreased from the first to the third (last) simulation by an average of 50%. The average reported usability perception was 3.71 on a scale of 1 to 5, with system ease of use and ease of learning obtaining the highest scores. This study demonstrated that the Plan My C-Day mobile application’s self-management content, features, and functions operated well and that the simulations were easy to understand and complete. Further development will include the option to add self-created activities and adaptation to different languages and cultures.