急性高眼压大鼠视网膜睫状神经营养因子的表达

目的 :探讨大鼠急性高眼压前后睫状神经营养因子 (CNTF)mRNA在视网膜组织中的表达变化及意义。方法 :利用前房高眼压灌注法 ,使大鼠右眼维持在 110mmHg高眼压 30min ,然后恢复视网膜血供 ,并分别于灌注后 1d、3d处死大鼠 ,用半定量RT PCR方法检测大鼠视网膜组织中CNTFmRNA的表达情况。结果 :在正常大鼠视网膜组织中 ,CNTFmRNA有微量表达 ,急性高眼压后 ,其表达明显增高 ,第 1天、第 3天分别比对照组增加 37.0 9%和 2 2 7.4 2 %。结论 :大鼠急性高眼压损伤后 ,可通过内源性CNTF表达增加来应答视网膜神经节细胞 (RGCs)及其他细胞的损伤 ,保护视网膜及视神经 ,为外源性营养因子的应用提供理论依据。     

正常眼压性青光眼的HRF评价

目的　研究正常眼压性青光眼 (normaltensionglaucoma ,NTG )患者眼底血流特点及影响因素。方法　应用海德堡共焦扫描激光多普勒视网膜血流分析仪 (heidelbergretinaflowmeter ,HRF)检测了NTG患者 ( 18例 3 6眼 )的视盘筛板及视盘旁颞侧、鼻侧视网膜血流参数。Octopus 10 1视野计检测 3 0°中心视野。空腹静脉血检测患者血液流变学参数。结果　与正常人眼底血流参数比较 ,NTG患者筛板及颞侧视盘旁视网膜血流量、血流速、红细胞移动速率 ,鼻侧视盘旁视网膜血流量均明显低于正常组 (P <0 0 1) ;NTG患者颞侧视盘旁视网膜血流速、红细胞移动速率较鼻侧明显降低(P <0 0 1)。NTG患者筛板血流量与眼压呈正相关 (P <0 0 1) ;颞侧视盘旁视网膜血流量与眼压及屈光度呈正相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ;筛板血流速、红细胞移动速率与屈光度呈正相关 (P <0 0 5 )。鼻侧视盘旁视网膜血流量、颞侧及鼻侧视盘旁视网膜血流速、红细胞移动速率与屈光度呈正相关 (P <0 0 1)。结论　NTG患者眼底血流量较正常人低 ,支持微循环障碍 (血管学说 )在NTG的发病机制中扮演重要角色。屈光度是影响NTG患者眼底血流的危险因素。     

Neuroprotective Effect of Melatonin on Retinal Ganglion Cells in Rats

Glaucoma , the fourth blindness-causing ill-ness in the world, is mainly manifested by twosymptoms : elevated intraocular pressure (IOP)and loss of visual field. Though the IOP of manypatients with glaucoma can be li mited to a properor low level ,it can' t prevent the i mpaired nervefrom deteriorating and therefore , with the condi-tionit is i mportant to protect optic nerve .In addi-tion, the progressive apoptosis of RGCs is thepathological basis for the glaucoma to i mpair thevisual func…     

荧光素眼底血管造影和吲哚青绿血管造影临床分析

目的了解与循环系统相关眼底病的发病率、年龄增长趋势以及血管造影检查在眼底病诊断中的应用价值.方法对眼科1283例患者进行荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein abgiography,FFA)和/或吲哚青绿血管造影检查的资料、眼底病发病部位和性质进行了分组比较.结果在1283例患者中,视网膜血管性疾病700例,占54.5%,平均年龄58.7岁;黄斑部疾病330例,占25.7%,平均年龄54.1岁;炎性眼底病103例,占8%,平均年龄44.02岁.结论随着年龄增长,循环系统疾病的不断增多,眼底病发病率逐渐增高;应用彩色荧光吲哚青绿血管造影有助于眼与全身病的早期确诊和随访.     

康柏西普联合玻璃体切割术治疗视网膜血管瘤引起的 视网膜脱离的疗效观察

目的 回顾性分析视网膜毛细血管瘤(RCH)引起的视网膜脱离患者行单纯玻璃体切割手术或玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合玻璃体切割手术的治疗效果。 方法 采用23 G玻璃体切割术和激光凝固和(或)冷冻疗法治疗15例(15眼)由RCH引起的视网膜脱离患者,其中6例(6眼)玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普7 d后行玻璃体切割术(注射组),9例(9眼)单纯行玻璃体切割术(未注射组)。记录手术时间、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼底情况、荧光素血管造影(FFA)结果以及全身情况,并进行比较分析。 结果 未注射组中,7眼视网膜平复、肿瘤消退,1眼出现新的RCH,1眼复发视网膜脱离。注射组中,5眼术后视网膜平复、肿瘤消退,1眼复发视网膜脱离。 结论 23 G玻璃体切割联合玻璃体腔注射康柏西普,对RCH引起的严重的出血性视网膜脱离有较好的疗效,可明显减少手术时间及术中出血,减少手术次数。根据FFA的结果行激光光凝和(或)冷冻治疗是治疗成功的重要因素。     

颅内段颈内动脉狭窄与眼部动脉血流状态及视网膜血管形态的相关性

目的：探讨颅内段颈内动脉狭窄与眼部动脉血流状态及视网膜血管形态的相关性。

方法：选取2017-01/2018-06因疑似脑缺血来我院就诊的患者251例,根据颈内动脉狭窄程度分为无狭窄组(39例)、轻度狭窄组(80例)、中度狭窄组(83例)、重度狭窄组(49例)。比较四组患者眼部动脉血流动力学指标及视网膜血管管径,分析眼部血流参数与颅内段重度颈内动脉狭窄的相关性及诊断价值。

结果：重度狭窄组患者眼动脉(OA)、视网膜中央动脉(CRA)、睫状后动脉(PCA)的血管血流参数收缩峰流速(PSV)和舒张峰流速(EDV)均低于其他三组,且PSV、EDV与重度狭窄组患者颈内动脉狭窄率呈显著负相关,其中PCA PSV、PCA EDV对颅内段重度颈内动脉狭窄诊断最佳临界值分别为11.26、5.21cm/s。

结论：颅内段颈内动脉狭窄与眼部动脉PSV、EDV呈显著负相关,其中PCA PSV、PCA EDV对于颅内段颈内动脉狭窄最敏感。     

3D打印在眼科血管性疾病的应用进展

近年3D打印技术在各个领域广泛应用,在医学领域的应用也日趋增多,为医学研究的发展提供了新的方向。作为一种数字化制造技术,3D打印在对眼科疾病的评估、研究和治疗中发挥了重要作用。目前,3D打印的生物材料、细胞、组织和器官在眼科逐渐投入应用并引起重视,同时展现出巨大的潜力。随着医学成像技术的发展和打印技术的进步,3D打印与各种医学成像技术结合使眼部血管可视化,有助于眼科血管性疾病的研究和诊断。本文主要对3D打印在眼科血管性疾病的应用进展进行简要综述。     

Disorganization of the retinal inner layers as a prognostic factor in eyes with central retinal artery occlusion

AIM: To evaluate baseline foveal disorganisation of retinal inner layers (DRIL) as a prognostic factor in eyes with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). METHODS: Twenty-eight CRAO patients who were followed-up between 2010 and 2016 were retrospectively investigated. Demographic characteristics and detailed ophthalmological examination findings of all patients were recorded. Macular thicknesses (MTs) from 5 separate spots and DRIL were measured with spectral-domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Correlations between DRIL score and logMAR converted visual acuity (VA), change in VA, patient reference time (RT), number of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) sessions, MT and MT change were investigated. RESULTS: There was a positive correlation between the DRIL score and the final VA (r=0.787) and a negative correlation with the change in VA (r=-0.763). The RT and MT were closely related to the DRIL score. A negative correlation was found between the number of HBOT sessions and the DRIL score (r=-0.341). CONCLUSION: The DRIL score is a parameter assessed by SD-OCT, which can provide us reliable information regarding the prognosis of visual functions and response to the treatment for CRAO patients at acute phase.     

Decrease in inner retinal thickness at para- and perifoveal areas before vascular retinopathy in patients with metabolic risk factors

BackgroundHypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia are major risk factors for vascular retinopathy. The relationship between retinal thickness at the macular area and metabolic risk factors, as well as visual impairment, in elderly patients before developing vascular occlusion needs to be investigated.MethodsIn this prospective, case-control study, patients >60 years old, without objective visual threatened ocular diseases or systemic abnormalities, except for hypertension, dyslipidemia or/and hyperglycemia, were included for measurement of retinal thickness at the macular area by optical coherence tomography (OCT).ResultsFifty-four patients were analyzed; 11 patients had no metabolic risk factors, 16 had one, 17 had two, and 10 had three. There was no significant difference in age, and full and outer retinal thickness, but there was a significantly lower inner retinal thickness at the parafoveal (p = 0.0013) and perifoveal (p = 0.018) areas in patients with at least one metabolic risk factor. The superior (p = 0.040) and inferior (p = 0.046) inner retina at the perifovea and superior (p = 0.013) inner retinal thickness at the parafovea were sensitive to metabolic abnormalities. Only patients with three factors had significantly reduced best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).ConclusionElderly patients with metabolic risk factors had decreased inner retinal thickness at the para- and perifoveal areas before retinal vascular diseases. Accelerated inner retinal degeneration occurred prior to visual impairment.     

Gut microbiota as a source of a surrogate antigen that triggers autoimmunity in an immune privileged site

Recent discoveries on the role of commensal microbiota have significantly changed our understanding of human physiology. The host-microbiota interplay is now an important aspect to take into account to understand immune responses and immunological diseases. Autoimmune uveitis is a sight-threatening disease that arises without a known infectious etiology. It is unknown where and how autoreactive T cells become primed to trigger disease in the eye, which is an immune privileged site. We recently reported data supporting the notion that retina-specific T cells receive a signal in the gut from commensal microbiota-derived cross-reactive antigen(s) and trigger autoimmune uveitis in the R161H mouse model. Here we discuss our published findings, as well as our recent attempts to identify the responsible microbe(s) by using different antibiotic treatments, 16S rDNA sequencing and homology searches for candidate antigenic mimic(s) of the retinal antigen.